Bastiat
Bastiat, Frederic, A Distin Guished French Political Economist: B. Bayonne, 19 June 1801; D. Rome, 24 Dec. 1850. He Entered In 1818 The Counting-house Of His Uncle At Bayonne, But He Felt No Enjoyment In The Routine Of Mercantile Life, And In 1825 Retired To A Property At Mugron, Of ...
Bastille
Bastille, Bas-ter (from Med. Fr. Bastir, To Build), The French Designation For An Armory Or Fortified Building Constructed For Military Purposes. The Word Is Popularly Associated With The Bastille, Or The State Prison And Citadel Of Paris, Built To Protect The Palace Of Charles V Against The Incursions Of The ...
Batavia
Batavia, Java, City And Seaport On The North Coast Of The Island, Near The West End, And The Capital Of All The Dutch East Indies; Long. 106° 50' E.; Lat. 6° 8' S. It Is Situated On A Wide, Deep Bay, In Which Are Interspersed Many Low, Green Islets, Within ...
Bates College
Bates College, Lewiston, Me., Was Opened In 1863 And Chartered In 1864. It Grew Out Of Maine State Seminary, A Second Ary School Opened In 1857. The College Was Founded By Its First President, Rev. Oren Burbank Cheney, D.d. (1863-94), And Bears The Name Of Its Chief Benefactor, Benjamin Edward ...
Bath
Bath, England, City In Somersetshire, 107 Miles West Of London. It Is Beautifully Sit Uated On The Avon, In A Narrow Valley Bound Ed On The Northeast And Southwest By Hills And Widening On The Northwest Into Rich And Extensive Meadows. The Avon Is Navigable From Bath To Bristol. Bath ...
Bath
Bath. As The Most Ancient Records Of The Human Race Refer To The Use Of The Bath It Is Probably Safe To Surmise That The Prehistotic Peoples Early Discovered The Cleansing Effect Of Water And Were Eager To Enjoy It To The An Cient Egyptians, As To The More Modern ...
Bath Houses
Bath Houses, Public. Bathing As Serving For Cleanliness, Health And For Pleasure, Has Been Almost Instinctively Practised By Nearly Every People. The Most Ancient Records Men Tion Bathing In The Rivers Nile And Ganges. From An Early Period The Jews Bathed In Run Ning Water And Used Hot And Cold ...
Baton Rouge
Baton Rouge, Bat'on Roozh', La., City Parish-seat Of East Baton Rouge, And Capital Oi The State. The Name Is Derived From The French, Meaning Red Baton Or Stick. The City Is Situated On The Eastern Bank Of The Missis Sippi River, 90 Miles Northwest Of New Or Leans, And Is ...
Battalion
Battalion. The Unit Of Organization Of Troops Consisting Of Several Companies, Usually Four, And So Called From Being Origi Nally A Body Of Men Arranged For Battle. A Battalion Of Infantry Is Generally Divided Into An Even Number Of Companies And The Com Panies Are Equalized By Transferring Men From ...
Battering Ram
Battering Ram (lat. Aries), The Earliest, Simplest, And, Until The Improved Usage Of Artillery, The Most Effective Machine For De Stroying Stone Walls And The Ordinary Defenses Of Fortified Towns. Its Primitive Form Was A Huge Beam Of Seasoned And Tough Wood, Hoisted On The Shoulders Of Men, Who, Running ...
Battisti
Battisti, Cesare, Italian Author And Patriot: B. Trent, 4 Feb. 1875; D. 13 July 1916. After Studying Law At Vienna And Gratz, He Devoted Himself To Geographical Science At Florence, Where He Received The Litt.d. Degree In 1897. His Topographical, Geological And Lit Erary Researches Concerned Always The Tren Tino, ...
Battle
Battle. An Encounter Between Two Armies, Resulting From An Attempt Of One Of The Armies To Attain An Object While The Other Opposes The Attempt. This Encounter Is Usually A General Action In Which All Of The Divisions Of The Armies Are Or May Be Engaged. Battles Are Classified As ...
Battle Creek
Battle Creek, Mich., City Of Calhoun County, Midway Between Detroit And Chicago, Located At The Junction Of The Battle Creek And Kalamazoo Rivers And On The Main Trunk Lines Of Both The Michigan Central And Grand Trunk Railways, 48 Miles South Of Grand Rapids. Battle Creek Is In The Centre ...
Battle Of Maldon
Battle Of Maldon, The. This Fragment, Consisting Of 325 Lines Of Anglo Saxon Verse, Celebrates An Historical Occurrence Of The Year 991. A Viking Expedition Of Con Siderable Size, Including, Among Other Leaders, The Celebrated Olaf Tryggveson, Descended Up On The East Coast Of England, And, As The
Baudelaire
Baudelaire, Bod-lar, Charles Pierre, French Poet; B. Paris, 9 April 1821; D. 31 Aug. 1867. In Early Life He Resided For Some Time In The East Indies, And On His Return Devoted Him Self To Literature. He First Gained Some Repu Tation By Translations From The Works Of Edgar Allan ...
Baumgarten
Baumgarten, Moritz Julius Maximil Ian Paul Maria, German Clergyman And His Torian: B. Rittershausen, Germany, 25 July 1860. He Was Educated At The Universities Of Bonn, Marburg, Breslau, Strassburg And Ber Lin,. And At The Accademia Dei Nobili Ecclesi Astici, Rome. He Began The Practice Of Law In 1885; Engaged ...
Baur
Baur, Bour, Ferdinand Christian, One Of The Most Celebrated Theologians Of Modern Ger Many Founder Of The °new Tubingen School Of B. Schmiden, Where His Father Was Pastor, 21 June 1792; D. 2 Dec. 1860. At The University Of Tiibingen, Which He Entered In 1809, He Devoted Five Years To ...
Bavaria
Bavaria (german, Bayern; French, Ba Viere), A Icingdom In The South Of Germany, The Second Largest State Of The Empire, Composed Of Two Isolated Portions, The Larger Comprising About Twelve-thirteenths Of The Monarchy, Bounded On The East By Bohemia And Upper Austria; On The South By Salzburg And The Tyrol; ...
Baxter
Baxter, Richard, English Divine: B. Near Shrewsbury 1615; D. 8 Dec. 1691. After Receiving A Somewhat Desultory And Defective Education He Was Sent To London Under The Patronage Of Sir Henry Herbert, Master Of The Revels; But He Soon Returned To The Country To Study Divinity, And In 1638 Received ...
Baxter_2
Baxter, Sylvester, American Journalist: B. West Yarmouth, Mass., 6 Feb. 1850. After Several Years On The Boston Daily Advertiser, Beginning In 1871, Was Long On The Staff Of The Boston Herald; Was Editor Of The Mexican Financier, Of Outing And Of The Automobile, The Second Motor-vehicle Journal Started In America; ...
Baxterians
Baxterians. See Baxter, Richard. Bay, In Architecture, A Term Used To Signify The Magnitude Of A Building. Thus, If A Barn Consists Of A Floor And Two Heads, Where They Lay Corn, They Call It A Barn Of Two Bay's. These Bays Are From 14 To 20 Feet Long, And ...
Bay City
Bay City, Mich., City, County-seat Of Bay County, Is Located On The South Bank Of The Saginaw River, Four Miles From Its Mouth On Saginaw Bay, From Which It Takes Its Name, And At The Head Of Deep Water Navigation. It Is 108 Miles Northwest Of Detroit And Is Con ...
Bayard
Bayard, Nicholas, American Colonial Official: B. Alphen, Holland, About 1644; D. New York, 1707. (see Bayard Family). He Was Double Nephew Of Peter Stuyvesant, By Blood And Marriage; Became His Private Secretary And Surveyor Of The Province, Secretary Of It After The English Conquest, And Mayor In 1685. He Was ...
Bayard Family
Bayard Family, A Remarlcable Succes Sion Of American Public Leaders, Statesmen And Jurtsts, Identified For Two And A Half Centuries With The Middle States From New York To Maryland, And For A Century And A Quarter Al Most Continuously In Public Service. They Descended From A Family Of French Huguenot ...
Bayeux Tapestry
Bayeux Tapestry, A Celebrated Piece Of Medieval Embroidery Of Sewed Work Orig Inally Found In The Cathedral Of Bayeux, In The Library Of Which Town It Is Still Preserved. The Fact That Such A Tapestry Existed Was Brought To Light By M. Lancelot, Who Communi Cated A Description Of An ...
Bayle
Bayle, Nil, Pierre, French Critic And Phi Losopher, Son Of A Calvinist Minister: B. Carlat, Near Foix (languedoc), 1647; D. Rotterdam, 28 Dec. 1706. At The Age Of 19 He Entered The College Of Puylaurens, To Finish His Studies. All Books Were Eagerly Devoured By Him; His Taste For Logic ...
Bayonet
Bayonet. A Short Sword Or Sharp Pointed Weapon (usually Triangular In Cross Section) Fitted On To The Muzzle Of A Musket Or Similar Weapon, So As To Give The Soldier In Creased Means Of Offense And Defense. The Name Is Said To Be Derived From The Town Of Bayonne In ...
Bayonne
Bayonne, Ba-y6n, France, A Cathedral Town And A Fortress Of The First Class In The Department Of The Basses-pyrenees. It Is Sit Uated At The Confluence Of The Nive And The Adour, About Four Miles From The Bay Of Bis Cay. These Rivers Form A Harbor Capable Of Admitting Vessels ...
Beach
Beach, Alfred Ely: B. Springfield, Mass., 1 Sept. 1826; D. 1 Jan. 1896. He Was A Son Of Moses Yale Beach, And After Receiving An Edu Cation In The Monson Academy At Monson, Mass. He Was Associated With His Father In The Publishing Business Of The New York Sun. In ...
Beach Plants
Beach Plants. Plants Living Normally On Shores, Particularly Of The Sea, Or On The Contiguous Dunes And Marshy Strips, Are Usually Characterized By Fleshiness, Leatheriness, Downi Ness Or Dense Hairiness. This Is True Of The Maritime Members Of Families Otherwise Quite Different In Appearance, And These Peculiarities, Resembling Those Of ...
Beaconsfield
Beaconsfield, Wei:ins-red Or Be Kons-feld, Benjamin Disraeli (emu. Or), Eng Lish Statesman: B. 21 Dec. 1804; D. 19 April 1881. He Was The Eldest Son Of Isaac D'israeli (see Disraeli, Isaac), The Well-known Author Of The 'curiosities Of Literature' ; His Mother Also Being Of Jewish Race. Little Is Recorded ...
Bean
Bean, Tarleton Hoffman, American Ich Thyologist: B. Bainbridge, Pa., 8 Oct. 1846, M.e., State Normal School, Millersville, Pa., 1866; M.d., Columbian (now George Washing Ton) University, 1876; M.s., Indiana University, 1883. He Was Curator Of The Department Of Fishes United States National Museum, 1880— 95; Director Of The New York ...
Bean
Bean, A Plant Of The Family Fabacece, Or Legumes. Originally The Smooth Kidney-shaped, Flat-sided Seed Of The Broad Bean, Vicia Faba, It Is Now Applied To Various Genera, Usually With A Specific Epithet, As Lima Bean, Etc. The Broad Bean (vicia Faba) Is The Bean Of History. Its Origin Is ...
Beard
Beard, Daniel Carter, American Artist And Author: B. Cincinnati, Ohio, 21 June 1850. He Received His Academic Education At Coving Ton, Ky., And Went To New York In 1878. He Studied At The Art Students' League, New York, 1880-84; And Made Illustrations For Harpers', Century, Scribner's, Life, Books (of Which ...
Beard_2
Beard, The Hair On The Chin, Cheeks And Upper Lip Of Men. It Differs From The Hair On The Head By Its Greater Hardness And Its Form. The Beard Begins To Grow At The Time Of Pu Berty. The Connection Between The Beard And Puberty Is Evident From This, Among ...
Beardsley
Beardsley, Aubrey Vincent, English Illustrator: B. Brighton, 8 Aug. 1872; D. Men Tone, France, 16 March 1898. He Was Very Pre Cocious, Drew At Four And Sold His Copied Com Positions At 11. At The Age Of 15 He Had Pro Duced A Sketchbook Of Marked Originality. He Received No ...
Beardsley_2
Beardsley, John Davis, American Soldier And Railway Official: B. Woodstock, N. B., 1 Jan. 1837. He Engaged In Mercantile And Lumbering Pursuits At Grand Falls. At The Outbreak Of The Civil War In 1861 He Left His Lumber Mill On The Saint John River To His Partner, Entered The Maine ...
Bearings
Bearings, Bearings Are Bearings Involving The Principle Of Rolling Friction, As Distinguished From Sliding Friction. An Ordinary Shaft Turning In A Plain Journal Slides Around On A Layer Of Some Lubri Cating Substance. If The Lubricant Is Good And Properly Applied, Little Energy Or Power Is Lost In The Heat ...
Bears
Bears, A Family (ursidce) Of Large, Heavy, Long-haired, Plantigrade, Carnivorous Mammals, Scattered Throughout All The Northern Hemi Sphere And Some Parts Of The Tropics. They Are Absent From Africa (except The Atlas Mountains, Which Zoologically Belong To Europe) And From Australasia. In Their Structure And Dentition They Are Allied To ...
Beasts Of Prey
Beasts Of Prey, Is Not A Scientific Term, But, As In The Case Of The Phrase Abirds Of Prey," Represents Merely The Idea Of An.as Semblage Of Such Mammals As Prey Upon Other Creatures. The Greatest Number And Most Prominent Examples Belong To The Order Car Nivora, Whose Members Subsist ...
Beatification
Beatification, In The Roman Cath Olic Church, An Act By Which The Pope Declares A Person Beatified, Or Blessed, After His Death. It Is Sometimes The First Step To Canonization, Or The Raising Of One To The Honor And Dignity Of A Saint. Beatification Is Said By Some To Have ...
Beatty
Beatty, Silt David, K.c.b., M.v.o., D.s.o., British Admiral: B. 1871. He Entered The Navy In 1884 And First Saw Active Service On The Nile As A Lieutenant Under Kitchener In 1898, When He Distinguished Himself As Second In Command Of The Gunboat Flotilla At The Forc Ing Of The Dervishes' ...
Beauchamp
Beauchamp, Bech'im, William Martin, American Clergyman And Author: B. Colden Ham, N. Y. 25 March 1830. Ordained In The Protestant Episcopal Ministry In 1863, He Filled Rectorships At Northville, N. Y., 1863-65 And Baldwinsville, N. Y., 1865-1900. Since 1884 He Has Been Examining Chaplain Of The Diocese Of Central New ...
Beauharnais
Beauharnais, Eugene De, French General: B. Paris, 3 Sept. 1781; D. Munich, 21 Feb. 1824. He Was The Son Of Alexandre Beauharnais, Who Was Guillotined In 1794, And Josephine Tascher De La Pagerie, Afterward Wife Of Napoleon And Empress Of France. During The French Revolution Eugene Entered The Military Service, ...
Beauharnais_2
Beauharnais, Hortense Eugenie, Wife Of Louis Bonaparte And Queen Of Hol Land: B. Paris, 10 April 1783; D. Arenberg, Switzerland, 3 Oct. 1837. She Was The Daugh Ter Of Alexandre Beauharnais And Josephine, Afterward Wife Of Napoleon. She Was To Have Married Desaix; But On 7 Jan. 1802, In Com ...
Beaumarchais
Beaumarchais, Pierre Augustine Caronde, French Dramatist: B. Paris 1732; Cl May 1799. He Was The Son Of A Watch Maker Named Caron Who Destined Him For His Trade. He Early Gave Striking Proofs Of His Mechanical And Also Of His Musical Talents. He Became Teacher Of The Harp To The ...
Beaumont
Beaumont, Texas, City And County-seat Of Jefferson County, Situated On The West Bank Of The Neches River, On The Southern Pacific, Sabine, And East Texas, Gulf, Colorado And Santa Fe, Gulf And Interstate, Kansas City Southern And Beaumont, Sour Lake And West Ern Railroads, 80 Miles Northeast Of Houston And ...
Beaumont And Fletcher
Beaumont And Fletcher. Beau Mont, Francis, B. 1584; "d. 1616; Fletcher, John, B. 1579; D. 1625: English Poets And Dramatists, Well Known For Their Work In Collaboration. Francis Beaumont, Third Son Of Sir Francis Beaumont Of Grace Dieu In Leicester, One Of The Justices Of The Common Pleas, Was Admitted ...
Beauregard
Beauregard, Pierre Gus Tave Toutant, American Confederate General : B. New Orleans, 28 May 1818; D, There, 20 Feb. 1893. After Studying Military Science At West Point He Joined The Artillery, But Was After Ward Transferred To The Engineers. In The Mex Ican War Of 1846-47 He Distinguished Himself And ...
Beaver
Beaver, A Large Aquatic Rodent Animal Of The Northern Part Of The World Named By Linnaeus Castor Fiber, And Representing The Family Castoridee. Some Naturalists Maintain That The American Beaver Is Specifically Differ Ent From That Of The Old World, And Is There Fore Entitled To Its Specific Name Of ...
Bechuanaland Protectorate
Bechuanaland Protectorate, South Africa, The Territory Lying Between The Molopo River On The South And The Zambesi On The North, And Extending From The Transvaal Province And Matabeleland On The East To (ger Man) Southwest Africa. Its Area Is About 275, 000 Square Miles. The Country Forms Portion Of An ...
Becket
Becket, Thomas 1, Archbishop Of Can Terbury, The Saxon Hero, Priest And Martyr Of England In The Reign Of Henry Ii: B. London 1119, Or, According To Some Writers, 21 Dec, 1117; D. Canterbury, 29 Dec. 1170. He Was The Son Of Gilbert Becket, A Merchant Of London. He Was ...
Beckford
Beckford, William, English Writer, Famous In His Time For His Immense Wealth, Eccentricities And Literary Talents: B. Fonthill, 29 Sept. 1759; D. Bath, 2 May 1844. When Only 10 Years Old He Was In Receipt Of An Income, Through The Death Of His Father, Of More Than $500,000 A Year. ...
Beckham
Beckham, John Crepps Wickliffe, American Statesman: B. Bardstown, Ky., 5 Aug. 1869. He Attended School At Roseland Academy, Bardstown, And Central University, Richmond, Ky., Receiving Degree Of Ll.d. From The University In 1902; Served As Page In The Kentucky House Of Representatives In The Ses Sion Of 1881-82; In 1888 ...
Beckwith
Beckwith, James Csrroll, American Portrait Painter : B. Hannibal, Mo., 23 Sept. 1852; D. 24 Oct. 1917. He Studied Painting In Chicago, Where His Father Was A Merchant. In The Late Autumn Of 1871 He Became A Student At The Academy Of Design In New York, Where He Remained, Under ...
Becskerek
Becskerek, Great And Little, A City And A Town In Hungary. The Former Is In The Administrative District Of Torontal, Of Which It Is The Administrative Centre. It Is Situated On The Bega, 45 Miles Southwest Of Temesvar, The Two Places Being Connected By Canal. It Is The Centre Of ...
Bed Of Justice
Bed Of Justice (fr. Lit De Justice), Formerly A Solemn Ceremony In France, In Which The King With The Princes Of The Blood Royal, The Peers, And The Officers Of The Crown, State And Court Proceeded To The Parliament, And There, Sitting Upon The Throne (which In The Old French ...
Beda Bede
Bede, Beda, Or Rieda, Known As •the Venerable Bede,' English Historian And Scholar, Was Born In 673 In The Territory Of The Double Monastery Of Wearmouth And Jarrow, In The County Of Durham, And Died In The Monas Tery At Jarrow In 735. At The Age Of Seven He Was ...
Bedbug
Bedbug, A Hemipterous Insect (cimex Or Acanthias Lectularius). The Body Is Broad, Two And A Half Lines In Length, Flat And Wingless; It Is A Rust Red Color With Fine Brown Hairs. By Its Shape It Is Adapted For Living In Cracks Be Tween Boards In Furniture, Etc., And By ...
Beddoes
Beddoes, Md-ciz, Thomas, English Phy Sician And Author: B. Shiffnal Shropshire, 13 April 1760; D. 24 Dec. 1808. He Distinguished Himself Both At School And At Oxford By His Knowledge Of Ancient And Modern Languages And Literature. The Great Discoveries In Physics, Chemistry And Physiology Irresistibly Attracted Him. He Continued ...
Bedell
Bedell, William, English Clergyman: B. Black Notley, Essex, 1570; D. 1642. He Studied At Cambridge, Became Minister Of Saint Ed Mundsbury In Suffollc, And In 1604 Went To Venice As Chaplain To The Ambassador, Sir Henry Wotton. Here He Remained For Eight Years And Became Intimately Acquainted With The Celebrated ...
Bedford Missal
Bedford Missal, A Book Made For John Plantagenet, Duke Of Bedford (q.v.) And His Duchess. This Rich Volume Is 11 Inches Long, Broad And 2/2 Thick, Bound In Crimson Velvet, With Gold Clasps, On Which Are Engraved The Arms Of Harley, Cavendish And Hollis, Quarterly. It Is Embellished With 59 ...
Bedstraw
Bedstraw, Galium, A Genus Of About 200 Annual Or Perennial Herbs With Four-angled Stems, Natives Mostly Of The Colder Climates, Whether Of Latitude Or Altitude, In The Northern Hemisphere. The Species, Which Are Mostly Harsh-feeling Weeds, Are Often Attractive For Their Regular Whorls Of Leaves And Their Pani Cles Of ...
Bee Birds
Bee-birds, Birds That Devour Bees, Espe Cially The Honeybee. Not Many Birds Have This Habit, The Bees Being Protected Against Most Birds By Their Stings. A Few Fly-catching Birds, However, Have Learned How To Avoid Being Stung, And Catch Not Only Bees But Wasps, Take Them To A Perch And ...
Beech
Beech, A Small Genus (fagus) Of Hand Some Forest Trees Of The Family Fagacece. The American Beech (fagus Grandifolia), And The European Or Common Beech (f. Sylvatica), Are Closely Similar. They Often Attain Heights Ex Ceeding 80 Feet, And Diameters Greater Than Three And One-half Feet. The Former Has Smooth, ...
Beecher
Beecher, Catherine Esther, American Educator And Philanthropist, Eldest Daughter Of Lyman Beecher : B. East Hampton, L. I., 6 Sept. 1800; D. Elmira, N. Y., 12 May 1878. Her Faith And Life Were Nearly Wrecked At 22 By The Loss Of Her Betrothed, Prof. A. M. Fisher Of Yale, In ...
Beecher
Beecher, Henry Ward, American Cler Gyman, Son Of Lyman Beecher: B. Litchfield, Conn., 24 June 1813; D. Brooklyn, N. Y., 8 March 1887. He Was The Offspring Of A Union Which Has Produced Some Of The World's Great Est Influences, And In Theory Ought Always To Produce Them — Of ...
Beecher Family
Beecher Family, The, An Extraordi Nary American Family Of Religious And Humani Tarian Leaders, Mostly Of Such Salient And Frequently Eccentric Originality, Combined With Immense Energy And Independence Of Thought, That The Human Race Was Once Said To Consist Of (cmen, Women And Beecliers.p They Were All Descendants Of Lyman ...
Beecher_2
Beecher, Lyman, American Theologian: B. New Haven, Conn., 12 Oct. 1775; D. Brook Lyn, N. Y., 10 Jan. 1863. He Was A Blacksmith's Son And Himself A Blacksmith's Helper And Farmer's Lad In Boyhood. Entering Yale Col Lege At 18, He Graduated In 1797, Studying Also Theology Under President Dwight ...
Beef
Beef. See Meat Packing; Meats And Meat Production. A Popular Name For The Yeomen Of The Guard Of The Sovereign Of Great Britain, A Body Instituted At The Coronation Of Henry Viii In 1485. There Are Now 100 In Service, And 70 Supernumeraries. They Are Dressed After The Fashion Of ...
Beersheba
Beersheba, Bi-er-sheba (now Bnt-za Seam, ((the Well Of The Oath))), The Place Where Abraham Made A Covenant With Abimelech, King Of The Philistines, And Planted A Tamarisk By The Well That He Dug. The Alliance Was Re Newed By Isaac, Who, It Would Appear, Dug A Second Well (gen. Xxxvi, ...
Beet Sugar
Beet Sugar, The Sugar Obtained From The Beet, Similar To Cane Sugar. The Discovery Of Sugar In The Beet Was Made By A German Chemist, Marggraf, As Early As 1747. No Prac Tical Results Followed His Discovery, However, As The Cost Of Obtaining Sugar From The Beet By Laboratory Methods ...
Beet As
Beet (as. Bete; Lat. Beta), Beta Valguris, A Plant Of The Family Chenopodiacece. There Are Several Forms Of The Species, Mostly Bien Nials, With Stalked, Smooth, Ovate Leaves, With Flowers Borne On Tall Leafy Stems. The Original Form, Or Sea-beet, Is Found Growing Wild In Sandy Soil, Near The Sea, ...