BROCA, bro-lca, Pierre Paul, French sur geon and anthropologist: b. Sainte Foy-la Grande, department of the Gironde, 28 June d 1824; d. Paris, 9 July 1880. In 1841 he began the study of medicine at Paris, became hospital surgeon in 1844, anatomical assistant in the faculty of medicine in 1846, preparator in anat omy in 1848, and professor of surgical pathology in 1867. Between 1861 and 1865 he carried out his famous researches on the localization of cerebral functions, discovering the seat of ar ticulate speech in the third convolution of the left frontal lobe of the brain, commonly called the '
perpetual senator. He took great interest in literature and philosophy and is known widely as a brilliant conversationalist. Besides writ ings on a wide range of subjects, and contribu tions to the Anthropological Society's Revue, he published the famous 'Des aneurysmes et de leur traitement) (1856) ;