BRUSH, Charles Francis, American in b. Euclid, Ohio, 17 March 1849. He received his early education in the public schools of Cleveland, Ohio, and was graduated from the high school of that city. At an early age he developed a liking' and aptitude for scientific studies and, entering the .University of Michi gan, was graduated therefrom in 1869 with the degree of mining engineer. From the same university he received the honorary degrees of M.S. in 1899 and Sc.D. in 1912. The honorary degree of Ph.D. was conferred upon him in 1880 by the Western Reserve University, and that of LL.D. in 1900 by the same institution, and also, in 1903, by Kenyon College. He was an analytical chemist in Cleveland 1870-73. From 1873 to 1877 he was engaged in the iron ore and pig-iron industry. Throughout this period, however, he carried on and made great progress with his investigations and experi ments in practical electricity. He perfected, in 1876, the dynamo-electric machine known by his name, and not long after the °series° arc lamp, which might with uniform results be used in circuit in large numbers. Since that time he
has patented more than 50 other inventions, chiefly detailed improvements on the two pre ceding. He founded in Cleveland, in 1880, the Brush Electric Company, which controlled his American patents. In 1891 Mr. Brush with drew to a great extent from active business affairs but has since continued to maintain a laboratory at his home, where he carries on his scientific pursuits. In 1881 he was deco rated by the government of France a chevalier of the Legion of Honor, in recognition of his discoveries in electricity. In 1899 the Ameri can Academy of Arts and Sciences awarded him the Rumford medal for °the practical de velopment of electric arc lighting.° In 1913 the American Institute of Electrical Engineers awarded him the Edison medal. He has con tributed many important papers to scientific societies and publications, embodying the re sults of his investigations.