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Encyclopedia Americana, Volume 4

Brown
Brown, John, American Abolitionist Leader: B. Torrington, Conn., 9 May 1800; D. 2 Dec. 1859. His Paternal Ancestry Was Of May Flower Stock, His Grandmother Of Welsh, His Mother Of Dutch. His Grandfather Was A Cap Tain In The Revolution. His Father, Who Drew His Abhorrence Of Slavery From Jonathan ...

Brown_2
Brown, Elmer Ellsworth, American Educator: B. Kiantone, Chautauqua County, N. Y., 28 Aug. 1861. He Was Graduated At The Illinois State Normal University 1881, And At The University Of Michigan, A.b., 1889, And Made Use Of The Intervening Time In Earning The Means For His University Course By Teaching Public ...

Brown_3
Brown, John, Scottish Physician, Author Of The Brunonian System In Medicine: B. Buncle, Berwickshire, 1735; D. London, 17 Oct. 1788. His Parents Were In A Very Humble Sphere In Life, His Father Being Merely A Day Laborer. Like The Children Of Other Scottish Cottars, However, He Had The Advantage Of ...

Brown_4
Brown, Robert, Scottish Botanist: B. Montrose, 21 Dec. 1773; D. London 10 June 1858. He Finished His Education In 1'95, When He Became Ensign And Assistant Surgeon In A Fifeshire Fencible Regiment, Which He Accom Panied To Ireland, Remaining There Till 1800. He Was Then, Through The Influence Of Sir ...

Brown_5
Brown, Samuel Robbins, American Scholar, Educator And Missionary : B. East Wind Sor, Conn., 16 June 1810; D. Munson, Mass., June 1880. His Mother Was Phoebe Hinsdale, One Of The First And Best Known Of American Hymnologists. Educated At Munson Academy, Yale College And The Theological Seminary At Columbia, S. ...

Brownian Movement
Brownian Movement (originally Called Brunonian Motion Or Movement), An Irregular Agitation Seen When Minute Solid Particles, Suspended In A Liquid, Are Viewed Under A High Magnifying Power. The Nomenon Is Named For The Scottish Botanist And Agriculturist, Robert Brown (1773-1858), Who Observed It In 1827. It Had Been Previously Noted ...

Browning
Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, English Poet : B. Coxhoe Hall, Durham, 6 March 1806; D. Florence, Italy, 30 June 1861. Her Father, Edward Moulton, Or Moulton-barrett, As Soon After Her Birth He Began To Write His Name, Was A Country Gentleman Who Resided At The Foot Of The Malvern Hills, And ...

Browning
Browning, Robert, English Poet: B. Camberwell, A Suburb Of London, 7 May 1812; D. Venice, 12 Dec. 1889. His Father, Robert Who Was A Clerk In The Bank Of England, And Was Himself A Lover Of Books, A Classical Scholar And Ready At Versifying, Had The Boy Educated In A ...

Brownlow
Brownlow, • William Gannaway, American Clergyman, Journalist And Politician: B. Wythe County, Va., 29 Aug. 1805; D. Knox Vale, Tenn., 29 April 1877. Early Left An Orphan And Penniless, He Earned Enough As A Carpenter To Give Himself A Fair Education, And In 1826 Became An Itinerant Methodist Preacher. He ...

Brownson
Brownson, Orestes A., American Pub Licist: B. Stockbridge, Vt. 1803; D. 1876. His Writings Embrace Philosophical, Political, Socio Logical And Theological Subjects. He Was Brought Up Without Any Strictly Defined Creed, But At The Age Of 19 Formally Joined The Pres Byterian Church. Soon Becoming Dissatisfied With Presbyterianism He Sought ...

Bruce
Bruce, James, Scottish Traveler: B. Kin Naird House, Stirlingshire, 14 Dec. 1730; D. There, 27 April 1794. He Became A Wine Mer Chant In 1754, But On The Death Of His Wife He Took Tip The Study Of Languages, And Availed Himself Of The Opportunities Of His Trade To Visit ...

Bruce_2
Bruce, Michael, Scottish Poet: B. Ign Nesswood, Kinross-shire, 27 March 1746; D. 5 July 1767. His Father, Though A Weaver And Poor, Was Ambitious To See His Boy Secure An Education. He Was Himself A Man Of Great Natural Talent, And He Gave His Personal Atten Tion To The Training ...

Bruges
Bruges, Hroozh, (flemish Brugge), A City Of Belgium, Capital Of West Flanders, Situ Ated About 60 Miles Northwest Of Brussels, About Eight Miles From The Sea, Surrounded And Inter Sected By Canals Which Connect It With Ostend And Other Places. By These Canals Fairly Large Vessels Can Reach Bruges; And ...

Brugmann
Brugmann, Friedrich Karl, German Philologist: B. Wiesbaden, 10 March 1849. He Was Educated At Halle And Leipzig: Was Instructor In The Gymnasium At Wiesbaden And At Leipzig; And In 1872-77 Was Assistant At The Russian Institute Of Classical Philology At The Latter Place. In 1877 He Was Lecturer At The ...

Brugsch
Brugsch, Heinrich Karl, German Egyp B. Berlin, 18 Feb. 1827; D. Charlotten Burg. 9 Sept. 1894. A Work Entitled 'scriptura 2egyptiorum Demotica,' Published In 1848, Gained Him The Favor Of Alexander Von Hum Boldt And Frederick William Iv, The Latter Of Whom Enabled Him To Complete His Studies By Visiting ...

Bruhl
Bruhl, Brel, Heinrich (couirr Von), Saxon Politician: B. Weissenfels, Prussia, 13 Aug. 1700; D. Dresden, 28 Oct. 1763. As A Page He Gained The Favor Of Frederick Augustus I Of Poland, And On The Death Of The In 1733, The Crown Of Poland With The Other Regalia Being, Through The ...

Brummel
Brummel, George Bryan (abeau.bsum Amp), English Dandy: B. London 1778; D. Caen, 29 March 1840. He Was Educated At Eton And Oxford, At Both Of Which Places He Acquired Great Distinction By His Taste In Dress, Which Afterward Made Him The Autocrat In The World Of Fashion. At The Age ...

Brun
Brun, Broon, Or Brunn, Malte-conrad (generally Known As Malte-brun), Danish Geographer And Politician: B. Thisted, Jutland, 12 Aug. 1775 D. 14 Dec. 1826. While Yet Very Young He Produced Some Poems Which Gave Great Promise Of His Rising To Eminence As A Poet, Though His Father Had Destined Him For ...

Brunck
Brunck, Broonk, Richard Francois Philippe, French Critic: B. Strassburg, 30 Dec. 1729; D. Same Place, 12 June 1803. He Made Rapid Progress In Learning When He Studied With The Jesuits In Paris, But Neglected Study And Was Engaged For A While As Military Commis Sary In The Seven Years' War. ...

Brune
Brune, Broon, Guillaume Marie Anne. Marshal Of France: B. Brives-la-gaillarde, 13 March 1763; D. 2 Aug. 1815. While Young He Went To Paris To Study Law. At The Breaking Out Of The Revolution He Was A Printer And Had Made Himself Known By Some Small Pieces Of His Own Composition. ...

Brunei
Brunei, Broo-ni'e, Bruni, Or Borneo Proper, A State Lying Northeast Of Sarawak, In The Island Of Borneo. It Has An Area Of 4,000 Square Miles And A Population Of About 30,000. The Territory Forms A Triangle, Having For A Base The Coast Line From A Point Three Miles North Of ...

Brunel
Brunel, Broo-ner, Isambard Kingdom, English Engineer: B. Portsmouth (son Of Sir Marc Isarnhard Brunel, Q.v.), 9 April 1806; D. 15 Sept. 1859. He Was Educated At The Henri Iv College At Caen, France. The Bent Of His Genius Was Toward Mechanical Pursuits, And At The Age Of 20 He Commenced ...

Brunelleschi
Brunelleschi, Broo-tel-16sh'e, Filippo Di Ser Lappi, Italian Architect: B. Florence 1377; D. Same Place, 15 April 1446. He First Studied Painting And Sculpture, And Brought The Art Of Perspective To Perfection; But As An Architect He Gained Racist Distinction, Having, According To His Countrymen, Revived The Doric, Ionic And Corinthian ...

Brunn
Brunn, Austria, The Capital Of Moravia, And Of A Circle Of The Same Name, Situated On The Railway From Vienna To Prague, 70 Miles North-by-east Of Vienna, And Nary Encircled By The Rivers Schwarza And Zwittawa. It Con Sists Of An Older Portion In The Centre, Sur Rounded By Fine ...

Bruno
Bruno, Broo'no, Giordano, Italian Philos Opher: B. Nola, Naples, About 1550; D. Rome, 16 Feb. 1600. He Entered The Order Of Domini Cans And Became Distinguished By The Origin Ality And Poetical Boldness Of His Speculations. In 1580, Probably On Account Of The Persecu Tions Which He Drew Upon Himself ...

Bruno_2
Bruno, Saint, The Name Of Two Saints Of The Roman Catholic Church. (1) The Apostle Of Prussia: B. About 970; D. 1009. He Entered The Order Of Saint Benedict And Accompanied Saint Adalbert On His Mission To Prussia. He Was Appointed Chaplain To The Emperor, Henry Ii, And Was A ...

Brunswick
Brunswick, House Of, A Royal German House, The True Founder Of Which Was Albert Azo Ii, Marquis Of Reggio And Modena, A Descendant, By The Female Line, Of Charlemagne, Who Had Also Extensive Domains In Lombardy, And In 1047 Married Cunigunda, Heiress Of The Counts Of Altorf, And Thus United ...

Brunswick Luneburg
Brunswick-luneburg, Karl Wil Helm Ferdinand, Duke Oir, German Soldier: B. (eldest Son Of Duke Charles Of Bruns Wick, And Of A Sister Of Frederick The Great) 9 Oct. 1735; D. Ottensen, Near Altona, 10 Nov. 1806. He Was Carefully Educated, And His Military Ambition Was Early Kindled By The Achievements ...

Brunswick_2
Brunswick (ger., Braunschweig), Germany, A Duchy And Sovereign State In The Northwest Part Of The German Empire, Compris Ing An Area Of 1,425 Square Miles. It Is Divided Into Eight Districts— Three Larger And Five Smaller, Detached From Each Other And Sur Rounded By Foreign Possessions. The Minerals, Are Of ...

Brush
Brush, Charles Francis, American In B. Euclid, Ohio, 17 March 1849. He Received His Early Education In The Public Schools Of Cleveland, Ohio, And Was Graduated From The High School Of That City. At An Early Age He Developed A Liking' And Aptitude For Scientific Studies And, Entering The .university ...

Brushes And Brooms
Brushes And Brooms. Brushes Are Implements Used For Two Distinct Purposes: (1) The Sweeping Or Whisking Away Of Dust And Dirt, And (2) The Laying On Of Liquids In Thin Layers, As In Painting. Brooms In General, Are Brushes With Longer Handles; The Whisk-broom, Or Whisk, Is A Little Broom ...

Brusiloff
Brusiloff, Broo-si-lof, Or Brusilov, Alexei Alexeievitch, Russian General: B. Kutais, Russian Caucasus 1853. The Descend Ant Of An Old Noble Family, He Spent His Youth In His Birthplace, Half-way Between Poti On The Black Sea And The Ice-capped Mount Kaz Bek, And Was Educated In Tiflis. Trained To Horsemanship From ...

Brussels
Brussels (flem. Brussel ; Fr. Brux Elles), Capital Of The Province Of Brabant, Belgium, And Also Of The Country, Is Situated On The Small River Senne, About 50 Miles South East Of The German Ocean; Lat. 50° 51' N.; Long. 22' E. Brussels Is Built Partly On The Acclivity Of ...

Brussels Conference
Brussels Conference, The Current Name Of Two Abortive International Conferences — One On The Usages Of War, July-august 1874; The Second On Bimetallism, In The Autumn Of 1892. 1. The Harsh Treatment Of Prisoners And Non Combatants In The Franco-german War Aroused A Humane Feeling In Protest. At The Congress ...

Brut
Brut, Roman De, A Poem In Eight-syllable Verse, Composed By Robert Wace, But Indirectly Modeled Upon A Legendary Chronicle Of Brit Tany, Entitled 'brut Y Brenhined) (brutus Of I Brittany) Discovered In Armorica By Walter, Archdeacon Of Oxford, And Translated Into Latin By Geoffrey Of Monmouth. Wace Presented His Poem ...

Brutus
Brutus, Lucius Junius, A Roman Patriot, Sometimes Called The Elder, To Distinguish Him From Marcus Junius, The Slayer Of Caesar, Lived About 500 B.c. According To The Legend, He Was The Son Of Marcus Junius And The Elder Daugh Ter Of Tarquin The Proud, The Last King Of Rome, And ...

Brutus_2
Brutus, Marcus Junius, Roman Republi Can: B. 85 Ac.; D. 42 B.c. He Was The Son Of That Marcus Junius Brutus Whom Pompey Caused To Be Murdered, And Of Servilia, The Half-sister Of Cato. He Lost His Father When He Was Only Eight Years Old, But His Mother And Uncles ...

Bryan
Bryan, William Jennings, American Political Leader: B. Salem, Ill., 19 March 1860. He Was Graduated At Illinois College, Jackson Ville, In 1881, And At The Union College Of Law, Chicago, In 1883. He Practised Law At Jackson Ville From 1883 To 1887, When He Removed To Lincoln, Neb. He Was ...

Bryant
Bryant, William Cullen, American Poet And Journalist: B. Cummington, Mass., 3 Nov. 1794; D. New York, 12 June 1878. His Father, Dr. Peter Bryant, A Physician, Was A Man Of Much Literary Culture, As Well As Large Experi Ence In Public Affairs. He Prepared, When He Was But 14, A ...

Bryce
Bryce (viscoutrr), James, British His Torian And Diplomat: B. Belfast, 10 May 1838. His Father, James Bryce, Ll.d., Was A Scotch Man, Well Icnown As A Distinguished Teacher And Geologist, And A Master In A High School Of Glasgow From 1846 To 1874. He Received His Early Education At The ...

Bryce Committee
Bryce Committee. A Committee Ap Pointed On 15 Dec. 1914 By Mr. Asquith, Then British Premier, "to Consider And Advise On The Evidence Collected On Behalf Of His Majesty's Government As To Outrages Alleged To Have Been Committed By German Troops Dur Ing The Present War, Cases Of Alleged Maltreat ...

Bryn Mawr College
Bryn Mawr College, An Educa Tional Institution For Women, At Bryn Mawr, Pa.; Founded In 1880 By Joseph Taylor. Bryn Mawr Is Distinctive Among Women's Colleges In That Its Course And Method Of Study Are Based Upon The University Model. The System Of Major And Minor Elections In Fixed Combina ...

Bubonic Plague
Bubonic Plague. An Epidemic Dis Ease Which Has Been Very Prevalent And Terribly Destructive In Almost Every Part Of The Eastern Hemisphere Since The 3d Century B.c. And Prob Ably Before That Time. It Was Referred To As The Pestilential Buboes In The Writings Of Rufus Of Ephesus Who Lived ...

Buccaneers
Buccaneers, A Name Applied To Various Bands Of English And French Freebooters In America, Whose Exploits Form A Remarkable Part Of The History Of The 17th Century: The French Called Them Ufilibustiers*; The Span Iards Manons Of The And Among Them Selves They Were Known As Abrethren Of The Coast.* ...

Buch
Buch, Boon, Leopold Von, German Geol Ogist: B. Stolpe, Prussia, 26 April 1774; D. Berlin, 4 March 1853. He Studied Under The Celebrated Werner In The Mining School Of Freiberg In Saxony, Where Alexander Von Hum Boldt Was His Fellow-student, And Early Began To Distinguish Himself By His Geological Writ ...

Buchan
Buchan, William, Scottish Physician: B. Ancrum, Roxburgshire, 1729; D. 1805. He Commenced Practice At Edinburgh, And Having For A Considerable Time Directed His Attention To A Digest Of Popular Medical Knowledge, Pub Lished In 1769 His Work Entitled 'domestic Medicine; Or, The Family Physician,'— An At Tempt To Render The ...

Buchanan
Buchanan, George, The Chief Repre Sentative Of Humanism In Scotland: B. Near Killearn, Stirlingshire, February 1506; D. Edin Burgh, 28 Sept. 1582. He Came Of Celtic Stock, And His Family Though Poor Was Of Honorable Descent, Tracing Connection Some Five Genera Tions Back With The Great Houses Of Albany And ...

Buchanites
Buchanites, Milan-its, A Sect Of En Thusiasts Who Sprung Up At Irvine, In The West Of Scotland, About 1783. Rev. Hugh White, The Minister Of A Congregation Of The Relief Church In That Town, Having Been Invited To Preach In The Neighborhood Of Glasgow, Elizabeth Bu Chan, The Wife Of ...

Bucharest
Bucharest, Boo-ka-rest', Or Buka Rest (rumanian, Bucuresci, That Is, ((city Of Joys), Formerly The Chief City Of Wallachia, Now The Capital Of The Kingdom Of Rumania, On The Dimbovitza, 37 Miles From Its Mouth. It Is The Most Populous City Of Southeastern Eu Rope After Constantinople And Budapest, And Is ...

Bucher
Bucher, Boolfer, Anton Von, German Polemical Writer: B. Munich, 8 Jan. 1746; D. 1817. He Was Educated In The Latin Schools Of The Jesuits, Studied At Ingoldstadt And Was Conse Crated Priest In 1768. In 1771 He Was Appointed Rector Of The German Schools Of Munich. In His Different Offices ...

Buchner
Buchner, Luise, German Poet And Novel Ist, Sister Of Georg Buchner: B. 12 June 1821; D. Darmstadt, 28 Nov. 1877. Her First Publica Tion, 'women And Their Calling' (1855), Was Followed By Many Others On The "woman's Rights It Commanded Much Attention And Reached A Fifth Edition (1883). She Wrote ...

Buckingham
Buckingham, George Villiers, Duics Of, Son Of The Preceding: B. Westminster, 30 Jan. 1628; D. Kirkby Moorside, Yorkshire, 16 April 1687. After Studying At Trinity College, Cambridge, He Traveled Abroad, And On His Re Turn Home, After The Commencement Of The Civil War, He Was Presented To The King, At ...

Buckle
Buckle, Henry Thomas, English Histor Ian: B. Lee, Kent, 24 Nov. 1821; D. Damascus, 29 May 1862. He Was The Son Of A Wealthy Merchant And Received His Education Partly At Home And Partly At Dr. Halloway's School, Gordon House, Kentish Town. His Delicate Health Prevented His Remaining Long At ...

Buckner
Buckner, Simon Bolivar, American Sol Dier And Politician: B. Kentucky, 1 April 1823; D. 8 Jan. 1914. He Was Graduated At West Point In 1844, Taught There, As Assistant Professor, During The Next Two Years, And Served In The Mexican War, 1846-48, Under Generals Taylor And Scott. He Was Brevetted ...

Buckwheat
Buckwheat (fagopyrum), A Grain, Native Of Asia. And Called Die Samos* Or Saracen Wheat, By The French, After The Sar Acens Or Moors, Who Are Believed To Have In Troduced It Into Spain. It Thrives On Poor Soils, Comes Rapidly To Maturity And Is Most Frequently Planted In Tracts That ...

Bucyrus
Bucyrus, Ohio, City And County-seat Of Crawford County, Situated On The Sandusky River And On' The Pennsylvania, The Ohio Cen Tral And Sandusky Division Of The Pennsylvania Railroads. Stockraising And Farming Are Carried On In The Region And The City Is Actively En Gaged In The Manufacture Of Machinery, Ven ...

Budapest
Budapest, Boo'clat-pest, Hunigag, The United Towns Of Buda Or Ofen, And Fest Or Pesth, The One On The Right, The Other On The Left Of The Danube, Forming The Capital Of Hungary, The Seat Of The Hungarian Parliament And Supreme Courts, About 135 Miles Southeast From Vienna. Buda, Which Is ...

Buddha
Buddha (athe Enlightened One*), The Founder Of The Buddhist Religion: B. Near Kapi Lavastu, India, 570-560 B.c. ; D. Near Kusinari, India, 490-480 B.c. (the Exact Dates Are Uncer Tain). The Name Buddha Is A Theological Title (see Buddhism), And Its Bearer Was Usually Known To His Contemporaries By His ...

Buddhism
Buddhism, One Of The Great Religions Of Asia, Receives Its Name From Its Founder, Gotama The Buddha (see Buddha). Accord Ing To Buddhist Belief, All The Doctrines And Disciplinary Rules Of The Religion Were Promul Gated By The Buddha Himself During His Lifetime And Were Faithfully Handed Down By Oral ...

Budding
Budding, In Gardening, The Art Of Multi Plying Plants By Causing The Leaf-bud Of One Species (or, More Commonly, Variety) To Grow Upon The Branch Of Another. The Operation Consists In Shaving Off A Leaf-bud, With A Por Tion Of The Wood Beneath It, Which Portion Is Afterward Removed By ...

Buddleia
Buddleia, Bild-leya, A Genus Of About 70 Species Of Shrubs Or Trees Of The Family Logansacece, Natives Of The Tropics And Warmer Temperate Regions Of The World. A Few Of The Hardiest Species, None Of Which Are Quite Hardy In The Northern United States, Are Cultivated As Ornamental Plants, For ...

Budgets
Budgets, Foreign, National.— Most Of The Main Features Of The European Budgets Are Similar. Each Department Of The Government Submits A Detailed Statement Showing The Object And Amount Of Expenditures For The Preceding Year And An Itemized Estimate Of Expenditures For The Next Year. These Estimates Are Co Ordinated By ...

Buell
Buell, Don Carlos, American Military Officer: B. Lowell, Ohio, 23 March 1818; D. Near Rockport, Ky., 19 Nov. 1898. He Was Gradu Ated At West Point In 1841 And Served With Distinction In The Mexican War Under Generals Taylor And Scott, Being Severely Wounded And Promoted Twice For Gallant And ...

Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires, Federal Capital And Principal Port Of Importation And Exportation Of The Argentine Republic, And The Largest Of All The Cities Of The Southern Hemisphere. From Its Population (estimated At 1,700,000 On 1 Jan. 1917), It Occupies The Second Place Among The Latin Cities Of The World, Coming Directly ...

Buffalo
Buffalo, A Name Frequently Misapplied To The American Bison, But More Properly Desig Nating A Type Of Heavy Oxen, Of The Tropics Of The Old World, Long Domesticated In The Orient. Buffalo Are Characterized By Their Long, Angu Lated Horns, Broad And Flat At The Base, So As To Form ...

Buffalo Bug
Buffalo Bug. See Carpet Beerix. A Large, Coarse, Fresh Water Fish Of Which There Are Four Varieties Three Inhabiting The Waters Of The Mississippi Valley, And One The River Usumacinto In Mexico. The Formation Of The Head Suggests The Name, For From The Nose To The Top Of The Shoulders ...

Buffalo Historical Society
Buffalo Historical Society. Foremost Among Institutions Of Its Kind West Of New England And The Older Atlantic Sea Board Cities Is The Historical Society Of Buf Falo, N. Y. Founded In The Spring Of 1862, Millard Fillmore Was Its First President, And It Was At His Suggestion That 50 Citizens ...

Bufflehead
Bufflehead, A Small Plump Duck Of American Inland Waters (charionetta Albeola), Remarkable For Its Beauty Of Coloring. It Is About 13 Inches In Length, And The Plumage Of The Drake Is Black And White, With The Crested Head, Shaped Like A Puff-ball, Rich, Silky, Changing Green. The Female Is Smaller, ...

Buford
Buford, Napoleon Bonaparte, Ameri Can Soldier: B. Woodford County, Ky., 13 Jan. 1807; D. 28 March 1883. He Was Graduated At West Point, 1827, Did Garrison Duty In Virginia And Maine As Second Lieutenant In The 3d Artillery, And Was Assistant Professor Of Nat Ural And Experimental Philosophy At The ...

Bugeaud De La Piconnerie
Bugeaud De La Piconnerie. Bu Zho-de-la-pe-lain-e-re, Thomas Robert (dm N'istv), Marshal Of France: B. Limoges, 15 Oct. 1784; D. Paris, 10 June 1849. He Be Longed To An Irish Family Which Had Settled In France With James Ii On His Abdication. He Entered The Army In 1804 As A Grenadier, ...

Bugis
Bugis, Boolaz, A People Of The Indian Archipelago, Chiefly Inhabiting Macassar And Boni, In The Island Of Celebes. They Profess The Religion Of Islam, Have A Literature And Alphabet Of Their Own And Have More Liberal Governmental Institutions Than Any Of The Other Peoples Of The Celebes. They Are Muscular, ...

Bugle Calls
Bugle Calls. The Soldier's Day Usually Begins With A March Played By The Drummers To Awaken Him In The Morning. About Five Minutes Thereafter The First Call Is Sounded, To Warn Of Reveille Five Minutes Later Still. Soon There Follows The Assembly For Morning Roll Call, Arid After This The ...

Bugonia Myth
Bugonia Myth, Also °bugonia Craze' And °bugonia Superstition' For More Than 2,000 Years A Superstition Has Prevailed Among The Masses That Besides The Usual Production Of Honey-bees In Hives, They Originated By Spontaneous Generations From The Carcasses Of Dead Animals, And Chiefly From Those Of Oxen. Thus, Says Osten Sacken, ...

Buhlwork
Buhlwork, A Description Of Inlaid Work, Consisting At First Of Inserting A Brass Scroll Or Pattern In A Ground Of Dark-colored Tortoise-shell Or Wood; But At A Later Period The Use Of Wood Of A Different Color, Instead Of Metal, Was Introduced By Reisner, And To His Process The Modern ...

Building
Building, In The United States. The Remarkable Physical Development Of The United States In The Last 20 Years, With Its Attendant Increase Of Wealth, Is Most Strongly Evidenced In The Number Of Buildings Of Every Character Constructed During That Period Throughout The Country. As An Incentive To Artistic Improve Ment, ...

Building Laws
Building Laws, Laws Passed Either By State Or Municipal Authorities Regulating The Construction Of Buildings By Landowners Or Lessees On Their Lands. Usually They Prescribe The Height Of Buildings, Their Distance From The Street, The Composition, Dimensions, Strength, Etc., Of The Materials Used, The Manner Of Light Ing, Ventilating And ...

Building Materials
Building Materials. The Mate Rials Used For Structural Engineering And Archi Tectural Purposes May Be Conveniently Divided Into Two General Classes — "materials Of Con Struction,* Such As The Woods, Stone, Metals, Cements, Etc., And •materials Of Consumption," Such As Coal, Water, Oil, Etc., Which Are Con Sumed Or Transformed ...