BURGOYNE, Stn John Fox, English offi cer of engineers : b. 24 July 1782; d. 7 Oct. 1871. He was the son of Gen. John Burgoyne; was educated at Eton and at the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich; entered the Royal En gineers in 1798; served at Malta in 1800, in Sicily with General Stewart in 1806, in Egypt in 1807 and in the Peninsula with Sir John Moore and Wellington from 1809 to 1814. He shared in the celebrated retreat on Corunna and was present at all the sieges, generally as first or second in command of the engineers, and at most of the battles of the Peninsular War, in which he was twice wounded. During the War of 1812 he assisted as lieutenant-colonel and chief engineer in the attack on New Or leans. In 1826 he accompanied the army of General Clinton to Portugal in the same capac ity. He was appointed chairman of the board of public works in Ireland in 1830 and in 1845 became inspector-general of fortifications in England. lie was made a lieutenant-general in
1851, and on the outbreak of the Crimean War was sent to Turkey to provide for the defense of Constantinople. After returning to England he was again sent out to Sebastopol, where he was chief of the engineering department till recalled in 1855. He received the order of the Medjidie from the Sultan of Turkey, was made a general in 1855, the following year was cre ated a baronet, in 1868 a field-marshal and for some years, up to his death, held the appoint ment of constable of the Tower of London. In 1859 a work was published in London under the title of 'Military Opinions of Gen. Sir J. F. Burgoyne,' in which many of his official writ ings were collected.