Camelidie_2
Camelidie, Foisil. The Evolution Of The Camel (q.v.) Through The Tertiary And Quaternary Periods Is Nearly As Completely Known As That Of The Horse, And Is Hardly Less Instructive. The Camels Now Inhabit Central Asia And Northern Africa, The Llamas, South America. No Fossil Camels Or Llamas Are Found In ...
Camellia
Camellia, Ica-triirya, A Genus Of Plants Belonging To The Family Ternstrcemsacers, Beautiful Flowering Shrubs, Natives Of Asia. The Name Camellia Was Given To This Genus By Linnaeus In Honor Of 'camel Or Camellus, A Moravian Jesuit. Camellia Japonica, As It Grows In The Woods And Gardens Of Japan And China, ...
Cameos
Cameos. Certain Carved Reliefs On Stones, Shells Or Other Substances In Which The Engraver Takes Advantage Of The Medium Having Two Or More Super-imposed Layers Or Stratifications Of Different Colors Or Tones To Obtain The Most Striking Effect. The Derivation Of The Word Is Contested. The Late Rev. Charles King, ...
Camera Lucida
Camera Lucida (lat. "light Cham Ber"), An Optical Instrument Employed To Facili Tate The Sketching Of Objects From Nature. It Acts By Total Reflection, And May Have Vari Ous Forms, Of Which That Proposed By Wol Laston, And Illustrated In The Accompanying Figures, Is One Of The Commonest. The Es ...
Camera Obscura
Camera Obscura (lat. ((dark Chatn An Optical Instrument Employed For Ex Hibiting The Images Of External Objects In Their Forms And Colors, So That They May Be Traced And A Picture Formed. From Certain Scattered Observations In The Writings Of Friar Roger Bacon, In The 13th Century, It Would Appear ...
Cameron
Cameron, Simon, American Statesman: B. Donegal, Lancaster County, Pa., 8 March 1799; D. There, 26 June 1889. He Learned Print Ing And In 1820 He Was Editor Of A In Doylestewn, Pa., And In 1822 Held A Similar Post In Harrisburg. He Then Interested Himself In Banking And The Building ...
Camisards
Camisards, Icami-zardz, Protestarits In France (in The Cevennes), Who, In The Begin Ning Of The 18th Century, In Consequence Of The Persecution To Which They Were Exposed After The Revocation Of The Edict Of Nantes In 1685, Rose Against The Royal Deputies. The Name Is Usually Thought To Be Derived ...
Camoes
Camoes, Ki-mon'esh, Or Camoens, Luiz Vaz De, Portuguese Poet: B. Lisbon Probably 1524, Or 1525; D. There 1579. His Father, Simon Vaz De Camoes, Was A Ship Captain, Who Perished By Shipwreck On The Coast Of Goa About 1552. Card:les Studied At Coim Bra, Of Which His Uncle, Dom Bento ...
Camouflage
Camouflage, El' Moo-flazh. This Art Is In Reality An Adaptation Of The Science Of Color To Meet Man's Requirements According To The Plan Of Nature's Protective Coloring But The Idea May Be Greatly Extended In Scope As Will Be Briefly Suggested In The Following Paragraphs. It Is Well Known That ...
Camp
Camp, In Military Use, The Place And Aggregate Body Of Tents Or Huts For Soldiers In The Field. In Modern Times A Difference Is Often Made Between Camp, Bivouac And Cantonment, The First Signifying The Quarters Of An Army Sheltered In Tents; The Bivouac The Situation Of One Which Dispenses ...
Camp Diseases
Camp Diseases, Disorders Common To Camp Life And More Or Less Incidental To The Con Ditions Of Active Military Service, Which Are Often Such As To Increase The Virulence Of Ordinary Diseases. They Are Generally Of Epidemic And Infectious Type, Due In Large Measure To Overcrowding And Uncleanliness. The Formerly ...
Campagna Di Roma
Campagna Di Roma, Italy, A Terri Tory Which Comprehends The Greater Part Of Old Latium, From 30 To 40 Miles Wide And 100 Long. By It Is Usually Understood The Desert Plain Which Begins Near Ronciglione Or Viterbo, And Including The Pontine Marshes, Extends To Ter Racina. In The Middle ...
Campagnola
Campagnola, Domenico, Italian Painter And Engraver: Flourished About 1520. He Was Probably Born At Padua, Where He Was A Rival Of Titian In Painting The Frescoes In The Scuola Del Carmine And In The Scuola Del Santo. He Is Considered One Of The Best Painters Of The Venetian School, And ...
Campanella
Campanella, Tom Maso, Italian Philosopher : B. Stilo, Calabria, 5 Sept. 1568; D. Paris 1639. He Displayed Great Quickness Of Parts When Quite Young, And At The Age Of 15 Entered Into The Order Of The Dominicans. He Studied Theology And Other Branches Of Knowledge With Assiduity, But Was Principally ...
Campania
Campania, Italy, An Ancient Province Of The Roman Republic And Empire, And A Depart Ment Of The Modern Kingdom Of Italy, Lying Along The Tyrrhenian Sea And Bounded On The Land Side By Latium, Samnium And Lucania, Which, Partly On Account Of Its Natural Curi Osities, Including Vesuvius, The Phlegrman ...
Campanile
Campanile, Kam-pariela., A Detached Tower Containing Bells. Campaniles Are Most Common In Italy. Several Of Them Have Devi Ated Considerably From The Perpendicular, In Consequence Of Their Great Height And Narrow Ness Of Base. The Earliest Examples Date From The 5th Century And Are Circular In Form, The Most Notable ...
Campbell
Campbell, Alexander, Known As The Founder Of The Disciples Of Christ Or '
Campbell_2
Campbell, John (baron), Lord High Chancellor Of England: B. Springfield, Near Cupar, County Of Fife, Scotland, 15 Sept. 1779; D. 22 June 1861. He Was Educated At The Gram Mar School Of Cupar, And At 12 Entered The University Of Saint Andrews (1791) For The Purpose Of Studying For The ...
Campbell_3
Campbell, Thomas, British Poet: B. Glasgow, 27 July 1777; D. Boulogne, France, 15 June 1844. He Was Educated At The University Of Glasgow, Where He Distinguished Himself By The Excellence Of His Poetical Translations From The Greek. After Leaving The University He Re Sided For A Short Time In Edinburgh; ...
Campbell_4
Campbell, William B., American Soldier And Statesman: B. Sumner County, Tenn., 1 Feb. 1807; D. Near Lebanon, Tenn., 31 Aug. 1867. He Was Educated In Abingdon, Va., And Studied Law At Winchester, Va., In The Then Noted Law School Of The Hon. St. George Tucker. He Began The Practice Of ...
Campbells Station
Campbell's Station, Tenn., The Scene Of An Engagement Between Federal And Confederate Forces, 4 Nov. 1863. Gen. Braxton Bragg, Who Was Besieging Chattanooga, De Tached Longstreet's Corps Of 10,000 Men And 35 Guns, With Wheeler's Cavalry Force Of 5,000 Men, To Capture Burnside Or Drive Him Out Of East Tennessee. ...
Camper
Camper, Kam'per, Pieter, Dutch Anat Omist: B. Leyden, 11 May 1722; D. The Hague, 7 April 1789. He Distinguished Himself In An Atomy, Surgery, Obstetrics And Medical Juris Prudence, And Also As A Writer On Msthetics. From 1750 To 1755 He Was Professor Of Medi Cine At Franker, And From ...
Camphor
Camphor, A White, Translucent, Crystal Line Substance Occurring In The Wood And Bark Of The Camphor Laurel (camphora Officinarium, Cinnamomum Camphor°, Or Laurus Camphora), A Tree Indigenous To Japan And Central China, And Cultivated In Many Warm Countries. The Camphor "gum" Is Obtained By Distilling The Leaves, Bark And Chips ...
Campion
Campion, Edmund, English Theologian: B. London, 25 Jan. 1540; D. 1 Dec. 1581. He Was Educated At Christ's Hospital And Saint John's College, Oxford, And Distinguished Him Self Greatly, Becoming B.a. In 1561 And M.a. In 1564. Though At First A Roman Catholic He Adopted Nominally The Reformed Faith And ...
Campoamor Y Campoosorio
Campoamor Y Campoosorio, Icarn-p6-a-m6? A Cam-p6-45-sere-6, Ramon De, Spanish Poet: B. Navia, 24 Sept. 1817; D. 11 Feb. 1901. He Studied Medicine With Great Enthusiasm And Thus Got His First Love Of Science Which Never Left Him And Which Continued To Influence Powerfully All His Literary Work And, To A ...
Canaan
Canaan And Canaanites, Geograph Ical And Ethnological Terms Applied To The Coun Try And The Inhabitants Of Southern Syria In General. The Country Extended From The Foot Of Mount Hermon To The Lower End Of The Dead Sea, Including Territory Both East And West Of The Jordan; That Is, Judea, ...
Canadas Present Equipment I
Canada's Present Equipment. I. Under University Control.— Com Mencing With The Atlantic Coast, The Halifax Technical College Is Affiliated With Several Of The Universities Of Nova Scotia And New Bruns Wick. It Has A Competent Staff Of Professors And Assistants. Engineering Students Who Take Two Years In The Universities In ...
Canadian Canals
Canadian Canals. The Outstanding Feature Of Water Transportation In Canada Is The Saint Lawrence System Of Rivers And Lakes Stretching From The Strait Of Belle Isle To The Head Of Lake Superior —a Distance Of 2,340 Miles. The Shoals Of The Saint Lawrence River In Lake Saint Peter Between Quebec ...
Canadian Northern Railway
Canadian Northern Railway. The Canadian Northern Railway System May Be Said To Have Had Its Origin In The Construction In 1896 By Mackenzie And Mann, Contractors, Of A Line Of Railway Between Gladstone And Dauphin, In Manitoba, Under The Charter Of The Lake Manitoba Railway And Canal Com Pany. During ...
Canadian Pacific Railway
Canadian Pacific Railway, The. A Canadian Railway Running Across The Con Tinent From Saint John, N. B., On The Atlantic, To Vancouver, B. C., On The Pacific, With Lines Owned Or Leased, Running From Montreal To Quebec, Ottawa, Toronto, London And Windsor, On The Detroit River, And Branch Lines Through ...
Canalejas
Canalejas, Don Jose, Spanish Statesman: B. 1854; D. 12 Nov. 1912. The Son Of Humble Parents, He Was Originally Trained For The Law, But Took To Politics At An Early Age. Working His Way Up The Political Ladder He Held Several Portfolios, Including Those Of Finance And Justice, And Was ...
Canals
Canals. Canals Are Waterways, Wholly Or Partially Artificial, Used For Conveying Water Or For Providing Navigation. Those Used For Irrigation, Drainage And Water-power Develop Ment Are Of The First Class And, Being Closely Related To The Subjects Of Their Purpose, Are Not Considered Here. Navigation Canals Have Been Designated According ...
Canary
Canary, A Small Domesticated Finch (car Duelis Canaria), Closely Allied To The Goldfinch (q.v.), And Found Throughout The Canary Islands, Cape Verde And Madeira. Domestica Tion, Besides Having Modified The Size And Colors Of This Bird, Has Developed Its Power Of Song. It Was Introduced Into Europe As A Cage-bird ...
Canberra
Canberra, The New Federal Capital Of The Commonwealth Of Australia, Situated In Lat. 35° 15' S. And Long. 149° 15' E. On A Plateau About 2,000 Feet Above Sea-level In The Yass Can Berra District, New South Wales, 70 Miles Dis Tant From The Eastern Coast Line Of Australia. The ...
Cancer
Cancer, In Astronomy, Fourth Sign In The Zodiac (q.v.) Marked Thus Fl. The Sun Enters This Sign On Or About The 21st Of June. He Is At His Greatest Northern Declination On Entering The Sign, And The Point Which He Reaches Is Called The Summer Solstice, Because He Appears For ...
Cancer
Cancer. Nature Of Cancer.— A Tumor Is A Growth Of Abnormal Size And Situation, Com Posed Of Cells Of The Body. Some Tumors Are Not Dangerous To Life, Because They Do Not In Crease After They Attain A Certain Size; Others, And These Are Cancers, Have No Limit To Their ...
Candida
Candida. George Bernard Shaw's Play 'candida' Belongs To That Early Group Of The Author's Plays That Followed Hard Upon The Close Of His Novel-writing Period. Written In 1894 For Richard Mansfield, Who Had That Year Produced 'arms And The Man,' It Had Its First Production On Any Stage In 1897 ...
Candidate
Candidate, An Applicant For An Office, From The Latin Candidates, "white-robed," Be Cause, Among The Romans, A Man Who Solicited A Public Office Appeared In A White Garment Toga Candida — And Wore This During His Can Didature, Which Lasted For Two Years. In The First Year The Candidates Delivered ...
Candle
Candle, A Solid Cylindrical Rod Composed Of Beeswax, Tallow, Paraffine Or Some Other Fatty Substance, With A Wick Running Longitudi Nally Through Its Centre, Designed For Slow Com Bustion With Illumination. The Wick Is Gen Erally Composed Of A Few Threads Of Cotton Yarn Lightly Twisted Or Plaited; But Formerly, ...
Cane
Cane, Kin, Or Ken, A River In Bundel Cund (qv.), British India, A Tributary Of The Jumna River. It Follows A Northeast Course And Is About 250 Miles Long. A Term Applied To The Ex Tensive Growths Of Arundinaria Macrosperma, The Most Gigantic Of United States Grasses, Which Occur In ...
Canella
Canella, A Genus Of Plants Belonging To The Family Canellacee. They Are Ornamental Shrubs Or Trees. C. Alba, The Wild Cinnamon, Is A Common West Indian Aromatic Evergreen Tree, Growing To A Height Of From 10 To 50 Feet, With A Straight Stem Branched Only At The Top. It Is ...
Canes Venatici
Canes Venatici, Kenez Ve-natisi Hunting Doge), One Of The Northern Con Stellations Added By Hevelius In 1690, Between Bootes And Ursa Major. Coming In After The Time Of Bayer, It Has None Of His Assigned Let Ters; But Baily, In The A. C.( In 1845, As Signed The Letters A ...
Cannibalism
Cannibalism, The Act Or Practice Of Eating Human Flesh By Mankind. In His Acci Dental Discovery Of The West Indies Columbus Heard Of, If He Did Not Himself See, The Carib Islands, The Inhabitants Of Which Were Spoken Of As Caribales, Or, Owing To The Customary Dialectical Interchange Of 1, ...
Canning
Canning, George, English Orator And Statesman: B. London, 11 April 1770; D. Chis Wick, 8 Aug. 1827. His Father Offended His Family By Marrying A Lady Of Beauty And Ac Complishments, But Without Fortune, And Died In 1771, Leaving Her Destitute. She However Lived To See The Success Of Her ...
Canning And Preserving In
Canning And Preserving In Dustry. The Hermetical Sealing Of Food, Generally Termed Has Long Since Passed The Experimental Stage And Is Now One Of The Leading Industries Of The Country. The Inventive Genius Of Man Has From The Earliest Times Turned Toward Some Method Of Prevent Ing Articles Of Food ...
Canoe
Canoe, K;-noo', A Light Boat Designed For Propulsion With A Paddle Or Paddles. The Term Is Very Commonly Used To Designate The Small Vessels Used By Uncivilized People Living Near The Water. The Name Is Of West Indian Origin, The Carib Word Being Cantos. Canoes Are Built In Divers Forms ...
Canon
Canon (greek, A Rule, Measure Or Stand Ard). 1. In The Arts.— When Art Has Succeeded In Producing Beautiful Forms The Question Arises, With What Proportions Beauty Of Form Is United. Artists Of Genius First Started This Question, And Imitators, Inferior To Them In Talents, Scrupu Lously Followed Their Results, ...
Canon Law
Canon Law. Canon Law Is So Named Because It Consists Of Rules Or Canons, Which Are Established To Guide The Faithful To Eternal Hap Piness. In A Strict Sense, Canon Law Comprises Only Those Laws Which Emanate From An Ecclesi Astical Authority That Has Supreme And Universal Jurisdiction. In A ...
Canoness
Canoness. At The Close Of The 8th Century The Title Of Canoness Was Given To A Class Of Women Who Took The Vows Of Chastity And Obedience, But Not That Of Poverty, And Were Not Cloistered, Though They Had A Common Table And Dormitory, And Were Bound To The Recitation ...
Canonicus
Canonicus, Indian Chief : B. About 1565; D. 4 June 1647. When The Pilgrims Landed, He And His Nephew Miantonomo (q.v.) Were Associate Sachems Of The Fierce Narragan Setts, Mustering Some 3,000 Warriors. In The Winter Of 1621-22 He Sent To The Little Colony, With About 50 Fighting Men, A ...
Canonization
Canonization, A Rite In The Roman Catholic Church By Which A Deceased Person Is Inscribed In The Catalogue Of The Saints And By Which It Is Publicly, Solemnly And Canonically Declared That Such Person Is To Be Honored As A Saint By All The Faithful. The Desire To Honor The ...
Canot
Canot, Ki-n6, Theodore, Italian Adven Turer And Slave Trader: B. Florence 1807; D. 1850. His Father Was A French Officer. He Visited Boston, Sailed To Various Parts Of The World, Was Shipwrecked Near Ostend, And Again On The Coast Of Cuba, Where He Fell Into The Hands Of A Gang ...
Canova
Canova, Ki-neva, Antonio, Italian Sculp Tor: B. Possagno, Treviso, 1 Nov. 1757; D. Venice, 13 Oct. 1822. He Was The Founder Of A New School Of Italian Sculpture In Which Soft Ness And Delicacy Of Expression Predominate. Canova Came Of A Family Of Stone-cutters And Makers Of Small Statuary. At ...
Canterbury
Canterbury, England, Cathedral City, A Parliamentary And A Municipal Borough, And A County Borough Under The Local Government Act Of 1888. It Is Situated In The Eastern Divi Sion Of The County Of Kent, 55 Miles Distant By Road From London And 62 By Rail. It Stands On The Banks ...
Canterbury Tales
Canterbury Tales, The. The Book Of The Tales Of Canterbury' Has A Per Manent Claim On The Attention Of Reading Men. It Represents The Most Mature And The Most Variously Brilliant Achievement Of The Man Whom The World Will Always Regard, And In Many Respects Rightly, As The Father Of ...
Canticle Of The Sun
Canticle Of The Sun, The (ii Cantico Del Sole), Known Also As The Praises Of The Creatures, Is The Only Work In Italian That We Possess Of Saint Francis Of Assisi. Giulio Bertoni Calls It "the Most Brilliant Gem Of The Italian Religious Poetry Of The 13th Cen Tury.° Renan ...
Canticles
Canticles. One Of The Canonical Books Of The Old Testament. The Name Is Derived From The Latin Canticula, Plural Of Canticulum, "a Little Sone In The Vulgate It Is Called Canticum Canticorum, °song Of Songs.>> This Is A Literal Translation Of The Hebrew Uile Which Is Generally Understood To Mean ...
Canton
Canton, China (more Correctly Quang A Large And Important City On The Pearl River, At A Distance Of 80 Miles From The Sea. It Is Situated In The Province Of Quang Tung (of Which Name Canton Is A Corruption), And Consists Of The City Proper And Of Many Suburbs, And ...
Canton_2
Canton, Ohio, City, County-seat Of Stark County, On The Nimishillen Creek, And On The Pennsylvania, Wheeling & Lake Erie, Baltimore And Ohio 60 Miles Southeast Of Cleveland. Interurban Electric Railroads Con Nect All Cities And Towns Within A Radius Of 50 Miles. The Commercial Centre Of The Second Richest Agricultural ...
Canvas Back
Canvas-back, A Widely Distributed Fresh-water Duck (aythya Vallisneria), Much Sought As A Table Luxury, As Its Flesh Is Con Sidered Superior To That Of All Other Ducks. It Is About 22 Inches In Length And Its Reddish Chestnut Head And Neck Are Much Shaded With Dusky Hues; The Lower Neck, ...
Canzone
Canzone, Kiln-tso'nft, A Particular Variety Of Lyric Poetry Of Provençal Origin. It Is Found In The Italian Poetry Of The 13th Century. At First It Was Quite Irregular, But Was Confined By Petrarch To More Fixed And Regular Forms. Hence It Is Called Canzone Petrarchesca; It Is Also Called Canzone ...
Caoutchouc
Caoutchouc, Koo'choolc, An Elastic, Gum-like Substance, Obtained From The Juice Of Certain Tropical Trees And Shrubs, And Commonly Known As India-rubber Or Grubber.' The Best Caoutchouc Comes From The Path Region, In Brazil; But Supplies Are Also Obtained From Central America And The West Indies, From Africa And From Tropical ...
Cape Town
Cape Town, Africa, Capital Of The Prov Ince Of The Cape Of Good Hope In The Union Of South Africa And The Seat Of The Legislature Under The Union, Is Situated In The Midst Of Striking Scenery, Rather More Than 30 Miles From The Cape Of Good Hope, At The ...
Cape Verde Islands
Cape Verde Islands, A Group Of Islands West Of Africa, In The Atlantic Ocean, So Called From Cape Verde, Opposite To Which They Are Situated, 320 Miles West Of Cape Verde, And Between Lat. 15° And 18° N. And Between Long. 22° And 25° W. They Belong To Portugal. As ...
Cape Of Good Hope
Cape Of Good Hope, A Province In The Union Of South Africa, Formerly Cape Colony, Is Situated At The Southern Extremity Of Africa, Washed On The West, South And East By The Ocean, And Having On The North And North East The German Territory Of Great Namaqua Land, The British ...
Capers
Capers, The Unopened Flower-buds Of A Low Shrub (capparis Spinosa), Which Grows From The Crevices Of Rocks And Walls And Among Rubbish In The Southern Parts Of France, In Italy And The Levant. The Stems Of The Caper-bush Are Trailing And Two Or Three Feet Long. In The South Of ...
Caperton
Caperton, William Banks, American Naval Officer: B. Spring Hill, Tenn., 30 June 1855. He Was Graduated At The United States Naval Academy In 1875. Through The Various Grades Of The Service He Rose To The Rank Of Lieutenant In 1889. He Has Had Over 23 Years Of Sea Service And ...
Capet
Capet, Kii-pa, Or Kipl, The Name Of The French Race Of Kings, Which Has Given 118 Sov Ereigns To Europe, Namely, 36 Kings Of France, 22 Kings Of Portugal, 11 Of Naples And Sicily, 5 Of Spain, 3 Of Hdngary, 3 Emperors Of Con Stantinople, 3 Kings Of Navarre, 17 ...
Capias
Capias, Kap'e-as ((that You Take), A Writ Or Process In A Civil Action Whereby The Sheriff Is Ordered To Arrest The Body Of The Defendant. The Writ So Framed As To Call For The Arrest Of The Defendant Before Judgment, In Order To Compel Him To Answer A Suit, Is ...
Capillarity
Capillarity. The Subject Of Capillarity Takes Its Name From The Circumstance That It Was First Studied In Connection With The Rise Of Liquids In Tubes Having A Bore So Fine As To Be Comparable In Diameter With A Hair (capillus). When One End Of Such A Tube Is Immersed In ...