BEEP TYPE.
Shorthorn cattle originated in north eastern England in the counties of York and Durham, where they first came into prominence during the last quarter of the 18th century. The color may he all red, red and white, pure white or roan the latter being a commingling of red and white hairs without forming solid color. Mature males of this breed commonly weigh from 1,800 to 2,200 pounds, although some bulls much exceed this. Mature cows commonly weigh from 1,400 to 1,500 pounds, though the latter figure is often exceeded. This is a horned breed, very domestic in tempera ment, and is noted for the production of superior beef. It is the tnost universally dis tributed breed of cattle in the world, and is very popular in the United Kingdom, North and South America and Australia. Among the beef breeds the Shorthorn is noted for milk production and some families of the breed are especially famous in this regard.
Hereford cattle originated in Hereford shire, western England. It is a very old horned breed. The main body color is red, with white face; solid white markings usually occur on the legs about the ankles, the lower part of the belly, brisket and neck, top of neck, withers and brush of tail. Mature males often weigh 2,200 pounds, and females 1,500 pounds or more. Much heavier weights however are recorded. Hereford cattle are noted as grazers and rustlers, being unsurpassed for the range. They mature early and produce most excellent beef. The breed is largely re stricted to Herefordshire in England, but is deservedly popular on the grazing lands of the. United States, Argentina and Australia.
Aberdeen-Angus cattle, a black, hornless breed, originated in the counties of Aberdeen, Kincardine and Forfar in northeastern Scot land. Occasionally a red specimen occurs but these are not used for breeding purposes. Mature bulls of the breed weigh about 2,000 pounds, and females about 1,400 pounds, This is a famous beef breed, and in the British and American fat stock shows has long secured premier honors. The crossing of white Short horn bulls on Aberdeen-Angus cows has long been a custom in the English-Scotch border country, their union producing the famous blue-gray steers which yield the best of beef.
Aberdeen-Angus cattle are popular in Scotland, have a strong clientage in the United States west of the Mississippi and are regarded with favor in Australia.
Galloway cattle are black and hornless, and originated in Galloway district, southwest Scot land. It is a beef breed of medium size, mature bulls weighing about 1,900 pounds and cows 1,200 pounds to 1,400 pounds. This breed is especially adapted to grazing, and does not do its best under conditions of small farm ing and confinement. It cannot be regarded as a popular breed, and has a comparatively limited clientage. This is largely due to a nervous disposition and a tendency to fatten slowly, although Galloways make very superior beef. The four beef breeds referred to are the only ones of importance in America.