CAYLUS, ka-his, Anne Claude Philippe de Tubieres, COUNT OF, French archa-ologist: b. Paris, 31 Oct. 1692; d. there, 5 Sept. 1765. He was a son of the Marquise de Caylus (q.v.), and after having served in the army during the war of the Spanish succession, he left the serv ice in 1715; accompanied Bonac on his em bassy to Constantinople the following year, and visited Greece, Troy, Ephesus, Byzantium and Adrianople. In 1717 he returned to Paris, and began the arrangement of his extensive collec tions. He commenced a great work on Egyp tian, Grecian, Etruscan, Roman and Gallic antiq uities, with numerous plates. He was a mem ber of the Academy of Painting and of the Academy of Inscriptions, and divided his labors between them. He made a chemical examina tion of the ancient method of encaustic paint ing, investigated the mode of painting on mar ble, the art of hardening copper, the mode by which the Egyptians raised great weights, the mummies, painting on wax and many other subjects. Integrity, simplicity and disinter estedness were united in his character, with occasional traits of dogmatism. He has left
numerous works, tales as well as antiquarian researches. Among the latter is his (Recueil d'antiquites egyptiennes' (1752-67, 7 vols.). Caylus was also an industrious and skilful en graver, and produced a collection of more than 200 engravings, after drawings in the royal cabi net, and a great number of heads, after the first masters. On this subject he wrote (Nou veaux sujets de peinture et de sculpture) (1755) and 'Tableaux tires de l'Iliade, de l'Odysee et de l'Eneide) (1757). His stories were collected under the title of TEuvres badines completes) (Amsterdam 1787). A number of these were translated into English under the title 'Oriental Tales) in Gueulette's 'Chinese Tales) (1817). Consult Rocheblave, 'Essai sur le comte de Caylus' (Paris 1889) ; Nisard's ed. of the 'Correspondance du cointe de Caylus avec le pire Paciaudi) (1877) ; "Notice* of Uzanne in his (Faceties' (1879).