CHAUMONOT, Pierre Marie, French pioneer missionary: b. 1611; d. 1693. His father was a vine dresser who committed the care of his son to his brother, who was cure at Chatil Ion. Pierre ran away at the age of 10 in order to prosecute the study of music at Beaune, Burgundy. In the course of a pilgrimage to Rome he came under the notice of the Jesuits, who induced him to become a member of their order and sent him as missionary to the Indians of Canada in 1639. He was first assigned to the Huron missions at Ossossane, where he col lected material for a Huron dictionary. In 1640 he accompanied Bribceuf to a tribe living be tween Lake Erie and Lake Ontario and to the west of the dreaded Iroquois; the mission re sulting in failure Chaumonot went to Saint Michael where he remained for eight years until the settlement was destroyed by the Iroquois. Chaumonot took the surviving Hurons to an island in Lake Huron and later to the Isle of Orleans. In 1655-58 he was stationed at Onon daga in the Iroquois country, and in the latter year removed to Montreal. He returned after ward to spend his last days with the Hurons. Consult his autobiography (1688; New York 1858) ; Thwaite's 'Jesuit (72 vols.,
Cleveland 1901).
France, the capital of the department of Haute Marne, on a height between the Marne and the Suize, 145 miles southeast of Paris by rail. It is well built, has a fine town-hall, courthouse, communal college, public library, church dating from the 13th century, the ruins of a castle be longing to the counts of Champagne, and an iron bridge 1,960 feet long with 50 arches on which the railway crosses the Suize. There are manufactures of gloves, wax candles, hosiery, cotton, cutlery, leather, woolens, sugar, etc.; and a trade in grain, coal and in the iron and iron goods of the department. Here was signed, March 1814, a treaty between Great Britain, Russia, Austria and Prussia, in which these powers pledged themselves to accomplish the overthrow of Napoleon and restore peace to Europe. Philip Le Bon, the first who advocated the use of gas for illumination, in France, was a native, and his memory is honored by a bronze statue. Consult Jolibois, de la ville de Chaumont) (Chaumont 1856). Pop. 14,870.