Chenopodium
Chenopodium, Ke-no-p8'dt-um, Or Goosefo'ot, A Genus Of Plants Belonging To The Family Chenopodiacece (q.v.), Of Which It Is The Type, And Distinguished By Its Usually Perfect Flowers, Having Mostly Five Small Green Scales For The Calyx, About Five Stamens, No Co Rolla And A Fruit Consisting Of A Membranous Coat ...
Cher
Cher, Shar, France, Inland Department Having On The North, Loiret, East Nievre, South Allier, West Indre And Loiret-cher, Between Lat. 46° 26' And 47° 38' N. And Long. 1° 50' And 3° 3' E., And Formed Of Parts Of Berry And Bourbonnais. It Is Named From The River Cher, Which ...
Cherbourg
Cherbourg, Shar-boor, France, A Sea Port In The Department Of La Manche (the Channel), 196 Miles West-northwest Of Paris, On The North Coast Of The Peninsula Of Coten Tin, And Nearly Due South Of Southampton. It Has A Strongly Fortified Arsenal, And Consists Of The Old Or Civil Town And ...
Cherokee
Cherokee ("uplanders? Their Own Name; Also, Rendered Tsaraki, Tsalaki And Tsanaghi), The Largest And Most Important In Dian Tribe Originally East Of The Alleghanies, Perhaps The Highest In Culture And Intellectual Reteptivity North Of Mexico. They Are Of Iro Quoian Stock, Though Remotely, And Are Believed To Be Identical With ...
Cherokee Nation
Cherokee Nation V. Georgia, The Historic Case (1831) On The Relations Of The Indian Tribes Toward The United States Govern Ment. (for The Preliminary History, See Ch Ero An). The Means Taken By Georgia To Oust The Cherokees Were As Follows: By Six Succes Sive Acts, From 20 Dec. 1828 ...
Cherry
Cherry, The Name Of Various Species Of Trees And Shrubs Of The Genus Prunus, Family Amygdalacece, Closely Related To The Almond, Peach, Apricot And Plum, Thus Comprising One Of The Most Important Groups Of Fruits— The Drupaceous Or Stone Fruits. Cherries Are Acterized By White Flowers, Usually In Umbel Like ...
Cherry Orchard
Cherry Orchard, The. Chekhov's Realistic Drama Of Russian Life, 'the Cherry Orchard,' Was First Performed, With Enormous Success, At The Moscow Art Theatre In 1903, Only A Few Months Before The Death Of The Author. Chekhov's Literary Activity Was Coinci Dent With The Deep Depression That In The Eigh Ties ...
Cherry Valley Massacre
Cherry Valley Massacre Was Ied By Lieut. Walter N. Butler, A Mohawk Valley Tory Leader, Son Of The More Famous Col. John Butler. He Had Been Captured At German Flats In The Summer Of 1777, And Sentenced To Death As A But, Spared On The Intercession Of Friends, He Es ...
Cherubini
Cherubini, Ka-roo-bene, Maria Luid Carlo Zenobi Salvatore, Italian Composer: B. Florence, 14 Sept. 1760; D. Paris, 15 March 1842. In 1773 He Produced A Mass, Which, With Other Of His Compositions, Attracted The Atten Tion Of The Grand Duke Leopold, Who Enabled Him To Become A Pupil Of Sarti Of ...
Cherusci
Cherusci, Ke-rils'se The Most Celebrated Of All The German Tribes. It Is Difficult To Deter Mine Their Exact Position, Owing To The Fact That Ancient Writers Sometimes Confound The National League Formed By The Cherusci With The Tribe, Properly So Called. It Seems Prob Able, However, That The Tribe Was ...
Chesapeake Ohio Railway
Chesapeake & Ohio Railway, The. The Road Had Its Origin In The Charter Of A Company By The Legislature Of Virginia On 18 Feb. 1836, To Build A Branch From The Rich Mond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad, Through The County Of Louisa, Va., And Was Styled The Louisa Railroad. The ...
Chesapeake And Leopard
Chesapeake And Leopard, Affair Of The, 22 June 1807. The Chesapeake Was A 40 Gun Frigate Destined To Relieve The Constitut Tion In The Mediterranean; Capt. James Barron Was To Go Out In Her As Commander Of The Medi Terranean Squadron. She Had Been Refitted At The Washington Navy-yard, And ...
Chesapeake And Shannon
Chesapeake And Shannon, Battle Of, 1 June 1813. In The War Of 1812, The Former Vessel (sec Chesapeake And Leopard, Affair Of The), Cruised To No Purpose From December 1812 Till April 1813, And Arrived At Boston 9 April. Her Captain, Evans, Left Her On Account Of Ill Health, And ...
Chess
Chess. Chess Is A Game Of Strategy Con Sisting • Of Regularly Developed Attack And De Fense With A Definite Objective Toward Which All Operations Are Directed And To Which They Are Subordinated. It May Aspire To The Dignity Of Both An Art And A Science. It Cultivates Both Memory ...
Chester
Chester, Colby Mitchell, American Naval Officer: B. New London, Conn., 29 Feb. 1844. He Was Graduated At The United States Naval Academy In 1863; Fought Under Farragut In The Famous Battle Of Mobile Bay; Became Captain 12 June 1896: Was Commandant Of Cadets At Annapolis 1890-94; Commanded The Galena, Richmond, ...
Chester_2
Chester, Joseph Lemuel, American Genealogist: B. Norwich, Conn. 30 April 1821; D. London, England, 26 May 1882. His Earlier Life Was Taken Up Chiefly With Mercantile Pur Suits. His Literary Tastes Found Expression In Contributions To The
Chester_3
Chester, England, An Ancient And Episco Pal City, The Capital Of The County Of Cheshire, 16 Miles Southeast Of Liverpool. The Two Main Streets Cross Each Other At Right Angles And Were Cut Out Of The Rock By The Romans, 4 To 10 Feet Below The Level Of The Houses. ...
Chester_4
Chester, Pa., A City And Port Of Entry Of Delaware County, On The Delaware River, And The Philadelphia, Wilmington And Baltimore, The Baltimore And Ohio, And The Phila Delphia And Reading Railroads, 15 Miles South Of Philadelphia. The Favorable Lo Cation And Excellent Shipping Facilities Of The City Have Given ...
Chesterfield
Chesterfield, Philip Dormer Stan Hope, 4th Earl Or, English Statesman And Orator: B. London, 22 Sept. 1694; D. 24 March 1773. On The Accession Of George I, General Stanhope, His Great-uncle, Procured Him The Place Of Gentleman Of The Bed-chamber To The Prince Of Wales; And The Borough Of Saint ...
Chesterfields Letters To His
Chesterfield's Letters To His Son. The Letters Of Philip, 4th Earl Of Ches Terfield, A Leading Statesman Of His Age, To His (illegitimate) Son, Philip Stanhope, Are To Be Distinguished From The Letters To His Godson And Successor Of The Same Name. Neither Set Was Meant For Publication. The
Chestnut
Chestnut, Chestnut, A Genus Of Trees, And Shrubs (castanea) Of The Family Fagacere. The Species Are Characterized By Long Male Catkins And Bristly Ovaries (burs) Which Con Tain Rounded Nuts. Three Species Are Of Wide Economic Use, Their Wood Being Used For Many Purposes, Their Bark For Tanning And Their ...
Chevalier
Chevalier, Michel, French Economist: B. Limoges, 13 Jan. 1806; D. Montpellier, 28 Nov. 1879. He Was Educated As An Engineer In The School Of Mines, Joined The Saint Simo Nians And Suffered Six Months' Imprisonment For Promulgating The Free Doctrines Of Pere Enfantin's Party. On His Liberation He Re Nounced ...
Cheverus
Cheverus, Jean Louis Anne Magdeleine Lefebvre De, French Bishop And •••••• 1 Cw•i, ;••• • H• Mayenne, France, 28 Jan. 1768; D. Bordeaux, 19 July 1836. He Was Ordained Priest In 1790. Refusing To Take The Constitutional Oath Re Garding The Clergy, He Was Imprisoned At Paris As Contumacious In ...
Chevy Chase
Chevy Chase, Che'vi Chas, The Name Of A Celebrated Border Ballad Probably Founded On Some Actual Encounter Occurring Between Percy And Douglas, Although The Incidents Mentioned In It Are Not Historical. It Is This Ballad That Sir Philip Sydney Speaks Of When He Says, In His (defense Of Poetry,' I ...
Chew
Chew, Ng Poon, Chinese-american Editor: B. Sun Ning, China, 1866. He Was Edu Cated At The Occident School, San Francisco, And At The Theological Seminary There. He Was Destined For The Taoist Ministry By His Parent, But Becoming A Convert To Christianity He Entered The Christian Ministry. In 1899 He ...
Cheyenne
Cheyenne, Shi-en' (sioux, "red,* I.e. Foreigners— Enemies: Their Own Name "ours*) An Important Indian Tribe Of The Great Algonquin Stock, And Its Westernmost Member Except The Blackfeet. In The 18th Century They Lived On The Cheyenne River In Eastern North Dakota, But Were Gradually Driven' Southwest By The Sioux To, ...
Cheyenne_2
Cheyenne, Locally Shr-an, Wyoming, City, Capital Of The State, And County-seat Of Laramie County, On The Union Pacific, The Colorado And Southern, And The Burling, Ton Route Railroads, 110 Miles North Of Denver. Cheyenne, Named After The Local Indian Tribe, Is Situated In The Southeastern Part Of The State On ...
Chibchas
Chibchas, Cheb'-chis, Or Musicas, A Tribe Of Indians Who, At The Time Of The Con Quest Of Colombia, Occupied The Upland Country In And Around Bogota. When The Expedition Under Gonzalo Jimenez De Quesada Came Into Contact With The Chibchas In 1836, After A Toil Some, Unpleasant And Dangerous Journey ...
Chicago
Chicago, Ill., The Second City In The Union, Is In Cook County, And Lies On The South Western Shore Of Lake Michigan. The Dome Of The Courthouse Is In North Latitude 41° 53' 2" And Longitude 87° 36' 47" W. The City Has A Shore Line On The Lake Of ...
Chicago Great Western Rail
Chicago Great Western Rail Road Company, Popularly Known As The *corn Belt Route,* A System Operating In Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Kansas And Nebraska. The Company Was Organized 11 Aug. 1909, Under The Laws Of The State Of Illinois, For The Purpose Of Purchasing The Properties For Merly Owned By ...
Chicago And Alton Railroad
Chicago And Alton Railroad, A System Operated In Illinois And Missouri By A Company Of The Same Name, A Consolidation Of The Chicago And Alton Railroad Company (old) And The Chicago And Alton Railway Com Pany, Effective 14 March 1906. The Company Purchased The Property Of The Saint Louis, Peoria ...
Chicago And North Western
Chicago And North Western Railway, Popularly Known As Ethe North Western Line,* A System Operated By A Company Of The Same Name In Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Wisconsin, Nebraska, Minnesota, North Da Kota, South Dakota And Wyoming. The Company Was Organized 6 June 1859 To Take Over The Property Of The ...
Chichen Itza
Chichen-itza, Che-chfn'8-tza' (at The Mouth Of The Well Of The Itza), An Ancient City Of Yucatan Whose Ruins Are Fairly Well Pre Served. According To The Traditional History Of The Itza They Came From The West At An Early Period In Their Tribal Life, Settled At The Mouth Of An ...
Chichester
Chichester, England, A Municipal Bor Ough And Episcopal City, Near The Southwest Cor Ner Of The County Of Sussex, 28 Miles West Of Brighton. It Is Well Built And Has Wide Streets. Its Old Wall, Still In Good Preservation And Lined With Lofty Elms, Gives It A Very Picturesque Appearance. ...
Chickamauga
Chickamauga, Battle Of, Fought Near Chickamauga Creek, And On Geor Gia Soil, 19-20 Sept. 1863. General Rosecrans (q.v.) Having Forced Bragg (q.v.) Out Of His Fortified Position In Middle Tennessee By A Campaign Of Strategy, Prepared To Gain Pos Session Of Chattanooga, The Gateway Through The Mountains To The Gulf ...
Chickasaw
Chickasaw, Thilea-sa, The Most Active And Warlike Tribe Of The Great Muskhogean (q.v.) Indian Stock; A Branch Of The Choctaw (q.v.), And According To Their Own Tradition, Not Separated Till After The United Tribe Crossed The Mississippi Eastward. They Occupied North Eastern Mississippi, And The Adjacent Part Of Western Tennessee ...
Chickasaw Bayou Or Bluffs
Chickasaw Bayou Or Bluffs, Battle Of, Fought 29 Dec. 1862. On 8 Dec. 1862 General Grant Ordered Gen. W. T. Sherman To Organize At Memphis, Tenn., An Expedition Which In Co-operation With Adm. D. D. Porter's Gunboat Fleet Should Reduce Vicksburg. On The 22d The Expedition Rendezvoused At Friar's Point ...
Chickasha
Chickasha, Chik'-a-shi, Okla., City And County-seat Of Grady County, On The Rock Is Land, The Frisco Oklahoma Central And Santa Fe Railroads. The City Has An Altitude Of 1,100 Feet Above Sea-level, Has A Delightful Climate And An Abundance Of Good Water. Grady County Is Ideal For The Raising Of ...
Chief Justice
Chief Justice, The Title Of The Presid Ing Justice Of The Supreme Court Of The United States, And Of The Presiding Justice Of The Sev Eral State Supreme Courts. Various Other Courts In The United States Are Also Presided Over By A Chief Justice. The Chief Justice Of The United ...
Chihuahua
Chihuahua, Che-wa'wa, Mexico, State Bounded On The North By The United States, On The East Of Coahuila, On The South By Durango And On The West By Sinaloa And Sonora. It Is The Largest Of The Mexican States, Having An Area Of 89,998 Square Miles, Or About Double That Of ...
Chihuahua_2
Chihuahua, Mexico, Capital Of The State Of The Same Name, The Northern Border Of Which Forms The Dividing Line Between Mexico And The United States, And One-third Of The Width Of The First Named Country. Altitude. 4,973 Feet Above Sea-level. Distance From The United States Border At El Paso, Tex., ...
Chilan Balam
Chilan Balam, The Books Of, A Series Of Maya Writings Dating Back To The End Of The First Century Of The Christian Era. They Were Written By A Priest Or Chilan By The Name Of Balam, In The Maya Language With Latin Characters, Which Had Al Ready Replaced The Ancient ...
Child Labor
Child Labor. The Term Labor* Is Difficult To Define Because What Is Regarded As Labor In One Community Or Under Certain Ditions Is Often Not So Regarded In Other Munities Or Under Other Conditions; Neither Is There Agreement As To The Length Of Childhood. The Definition Of The Term Depends ...
Child Study
Child Study. A Branch Of Study Con Cerned With The Physical, Mental And Moral Life Of The Child From Birth Through Infancy And Adolescence To Adult Age. It Thus Includes Child Psychology, Dealing With The Mental Life Of Children, Overlaps Into Genetic Psychology (q.v.), And May Just As Properly Be ...
Childbirth
Childbirth, Painless. That Women In Travail Have Always Suffered More Or Less Pain Seems Probable, Since The Writer Of Genesis Quotes God As Saying In The Primaeval Curse: "in Sorrow Thou Shalt Bring Forth Children.° Yet There Are Many Reasons For Believing That Labor For The Primitive Woman Was More ...
Childe Harolds Pilgrimage
Childe Harold's Pilgrimage. Byron's 'childe Harold,' Despite Diversity Of Critical Opinion And The Fact That It Has Become Hackneyed Through Use In Guidebooks And School *readers,* Still Remains The Most Famous Descriptive Poem In English. It Was Written, Says Byron, *as A Mark Of Respect For What Is Venerable And ...
Childe Roland To The
Childe Roland To The Dark Tower Came. (chi1de Roland,' One Of The Most Powerful And Impressive, And Perhaps The Most Widely Discussed, Of Browning's Shorter Poems, Is A Narrative Monologue In Which °childe° (or °young Lord))) Roland, A Medieval Knight, Tells The Story Of His Quest Of The "dark Tower)); ...
Children
Children, Legal Codes Relating To. Legislation In Behalf Of Dependent, Neglected, Delinquent And Defective Children Has Been Ac Cidental And Unsystematic Until Within The Past Few Years. A Progressive Governor Recom Mends The Creation Of A Juvenile Reformatory, A State Home For Dependent Children, A School For Feeble-minded Children Or ...
Children
Children, Delinquent. A Delinquent Child Is One Who Commits An Act Which Would Be Counted A Crime, If Performed By An Adult. In Most States Of The United States, Children Who Are Declared Incorrigible, Knowingly Asso Ciate With Vicious Persons Or Frequent Vicious Places, Are Classed As Delinquents. To The ...
Children Of Earth
Children Of Earth. In 1913 Mr. Winthrop Ames, Of The Little Theatre, New York, Offered A Prize Of $10,000 For The Best Play By An American Author. The Manuscripts Were To Be Submitted Anonymously. In June 1914 The Judges, After Having Gone Through 17 Manuscripts, Awarded The Prize To Miss ...
Children Of The World
Children Of The World (kinder Der Welt). This Novel (1873), By Paul Heyse, Is The Literary Echo Of The Discontent And Rebel Lion Against The Existing Order—political, Reli Gious, Social And Economic — Which, Beginning In The Universities Of Germany, Spread Through The Land In The Period Between The Revolution ...
Children_2
Children, Neglected.— The Term °neg Lected Children* Is Often Confused In The Minds Of People And Even In The Laws Of The State With The Terms *dependent* And °delinquent,* But While These Conditions Shade Into Each Other So That The Same Child May Even Be In All Three Conditions, Neglected, ...
Children_3
Children, Spirit Of Modem Legisla Tion Affecting. Prior To The Year 1899 Chil Dren Who Committed Offenses Against The Law Were Dealt With By The Courts As Criminals. They Were Arrested By The Police, Detained With Adult Criminals In Police Stations And Jails, Ar Raigned In Police Courts, Where They ...
Childrens Courts
Children's Courts. Special Judi Ciary Institutions For Dealing With Cases Of Juvenile Waywardness Or Parental Remissness In A Reformative Rather Than A Retributive Spirit. The General Theory Of These Courts Is That, For Obvious Reasons, Children Should Not Be Judged In Ways And By Means Designed For Their Elders; That, ...
Childrens Libraries
Children's Libraries. In A Con Crete Sense, Special Collections Of Books In Tended For Juvenile Readers And Usually Kept In Separate Rooms Of General Public Libraries. From A Broader Point Of View, However, Children's Libraries May Be Defined As An Edu Cational Agency Seeking To Acquaint The Young With The ...
Childrens Literature
Children's Literature. Books Written For Or Suited To The Young. From A Stricter Point Of View, Children's Literature Com Prises Books Specially Written For Children. In Either Case, Books About Childhood Intended For Adult Readers Are Excluded And Will Not Be Considered In This Survey. But It Is Really Im ...
Childrens Playgrounds
Children's Playgrounds. Spe Cial Provisions Made By Progressive Modern Communities, Through Public Or Private Agencies Affording Children Better Opportunities For Free Or Directed Play. Socially And Educationally, The Children's Playground Movement Is But A Phase Of The General Child Welfare Movement (q.v.) Which Began With The Great Awakening To The ...
Childrens Theatres
Children's Theatres. The Early Educational Plays, Or, Strictly, Dialogues For Children, Under The Severe Pedagogics Of The 18th And 19th Centuries, Were As Near To The Character Of Real Plays As The Shorter Catechism Is To Roaring Comedy. For Certainly They Con Tained No Elements Of Play, The Healthy Demand ...