DURHAM, University of, located at Dur ham and which was originated in 1831 under Bishop Van Mildert by the appropriation of part of the property belonging to the cathedral chap ter. In 1832 an act of Parliament was obtained sanctioning the erection of the proposed univer sity; in 1833 the university was opened and in 1837 it was incorporated by royal .charter. In 1841 the office of warden was permanently an nexed to the deanery of Durham, a canonry in the cathedral was annexed to each of the pro fessors of divinity and Greek, a professor of mathematics and astronomy appointed and fel lowships founded. As at Oxford and Cam bridge the students reside mostly within the university buildings, accommodation being pro vided for them in University College and in Bishop Hatfield's Hall. The university awards the degrees of Bachelor and •Master of Arts, Bachelor and Doctor of Literature, of. Science and of Divinity, the usual medical degrees, de grees in music and the degree of Doctor of Civil Law. The academical year is divided into
three terms — Michaelmas, Epiphany and Easter. No religious test is required from any member of the university unless he is a student in the faculty of theology. Science was taught from the first, but not to a satisfactory extent till 1871, when the Durham College of Science was instituted in connection with the university at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, the name of which was changed in 1904 to Armstrong College. The medical department of the university is consti tuted by the Durham University College of Medicine, founded in 1851 at Newcastle, an in stitution which has greatly increased in effi ciency in recent years by the establishment of additional chairs. Since 1895 all degrees except those in divinity may be granted to women. There are over 37,000 volumes in the library.