EAST AFRICA PROTECTORATE, a British dependency, extending from the Umba to the Juba River, and as far inland as Uganda. It includes certain lands rented at an annual' fee of f17,000 from the Sultan of Zanzibar; namely, the Lamu Archipelago; a strip 10 miles inland reaching from the German frontier to Kipini; and the area for 10 miles around the fort of Kismayu. The rest of the country is divided into seven provinces, and an extraneous unorganized piece of land in the north, as fol lows: Seyidie, Ukamba, Tanaland, Jubaland, Kenya, Naivasha and Nyanza. The area is'. estimated at 250,000 square miles; the popula tion at 4,038,000. The various nationalities which go to make up the Protectorate are dis tributed as follows: Arabs and Swahilis along the coast; Bantu tribes further inland, and still" further, non-Bantu tribes. The Asiatics num ber some 25,000, and the Europeans and Eurasians 5,000.
Agriculture is extensively carried 'pm,' the products grown being rice, maize, grains,,casava, cocoanuts, sisal hemp, Ceara rubber, cotton, etc-,„ in the lowlands; and on the highlands, oats, barley, wheat, potatoes and vanous products of truck farming. Coffee growing is a rapidly increasing industry. In the uplands cattle grazing is becoming most important. Sheep, cattle and ostriches are profitably farmed. There is also some dairying. There are more than 3,000 miles of forest land, a deep tropical forest occupying about 180 square miles of the lowlands. Ebony, copal and rubber trees are found near the coast, while the upland countries yield valuable cedars, yellow woods, camphor, jarrah, cork, iron-wood, pillar-wood and olive. The entire timber resources are not yet com pletely explored. The mineral resources like wise have not been fully developed. In the
Rift Valley, near German East Africa, gen erous deposits of natron and diatomite have been found. A little gold has been mined in South Kavirondo; graphite, marble, limestone and manganese have been produced in appre ciable quantities, and some fine opals have occasionally been unearthed in the Rift Valley. The chief imports are clothing, provisions, building materials, iron and steel products and leather goods. In 1916-17, the imports amounted to £3,024,123; the exports f1,613,853, and the tonnage entered and cleared, to 1,441,877 tons. The State Railway is called the Mombasa Victoria or Uganda Railway, and is 618 miles. There are competent telegraph, telephone and postal services.
The government of the Protectorate is under a governor and commander-in-chief under the Colonial Office. An executive and legislative council are also provided. The principal cities are Nairobi, where the administrative head quarters are located; Mombasa, the chief port (pop. about 30,000; 230 Europeans) ; Kilindini, a splendid harbor on the east coast; Jubaland, Kenya, Nawasha and Kiseemu. The expendi ture of the government for 1917-18 is estimated at f1,484,075; and the revenue for 1916-17 amounted to f1,533,783, derived from licenses, dues, taxes, court fees, railways, customs, etc. A railroad was built by Col. J. H. Patterson for the government, in 1899, from Mombasa to Nairobi. Consult Lugard,
East Africa and Uganda' (London 1892) ; Eliot,