DORPAT, or DORPT (Russian official name Yuriev, Lettish Tehrpat), Russia, city in the government of Livonia, on the Em bach, about 135 miles northeast of Riga. Dor pat is chiefly remarkable for its university, which was founded in 1632 by Gustavus Adol phus, when the Swedes were masters; it was suppressed, in 1656, by the Muscovites; and re established by the Emperor Alexander, in 1802-03. In the northwest section of the city there formerly existed a citadel, an episcopal palace and cathedral. The place of these is to day occupied by the observatory, which the labors of Dr. Struve have made famous, a library and several university buildings. Dorpat contains also botanical gardens, several boulevards and promenades, a town-hall, several churches and a monument to its famous son, Barclay de Tolly. A levee system protects the city from the period ical overflow of the Embach. Other educational
institutions located here are a veterinary school, a training school for teachers, gymnasia and secondary schools. It has also a large number of industrial establishments and as a commercial centre is second only to Riga in the Livonia region. Dorpat first fell to the Russians in 1559 and in 1582 was taken over by Poland. Later the Swedes held it for a time, and next came the Poles and in 1704 it finally became a part of Russia. Four years after its occupation by the latter they removed the inhabitants to the interior and dismantled the city. While Russian is the official language, German is the common means of intercourse between the inhabitants. Consult Hausmann, 'Aus der Geschichte der Stadt Dorpat> (1872). Pop. 45,000.