Lampas
Lampas. The Horse Is Subject To Variou& Local Inflammations In And Around The Mouth, Which Prevents The Proper Chewing Of The Food, Causing Working Of The Jaws, Ejection Of The Food, And Often Drooling Of Saliva From The Mouth. Persons Who Do Not Apprehend The Real Cause Apply To The ...
Lancashire Swine
Lancashire Swine. This Is An English Breed And It Is Divided Into Three Sub-families. The Short-faced Lancashire, The Middle Breed Lancashire, And The Large Lancashire. They Are All Pure White, And Their Characteristics, Were Descrihed As Follows, A,t A Convention Of Swine Breeders In The West: Until The Fall Of ...
Landed Estates And Farms
Landed Estates And Farms. As A Nation Increases In Wealth The Acquirernent Of Large Landed Estates Seems To Become A Passion Among The Wealthy. In Great Britain, The Accum Ulation Of Land By Tbe Wealthy Has Been Carried To Such An Extent That The Entire Land Of The Country Is ...
Landscape Gardening
Landscape Gardening. Landscape Gardening Is One Of The Departments Of Horti Culture, By Which The Effect Of A Natural Scenery Is Heightened By Art, Or By Which A Mon Otonous Area Is Regdered Beautiful, By Means Of Walks, Driv0;, Lakes, Bridges. Rock-work, And The Planting Of Trees, Shrubs, And Flowers. ...
Larch
Larch. Lath.. A Class Of Trees Having The General Characteristics Of The Coniferw, Except In The Loss Of The Evergreen Character, The Family Being Strictly Deciduous. When Raised From Seed The Young Plants Hold Their Leaves For Two, Sometimes Three Years, And Thereafter Become Deciduous, Dropping Their Leaves And Remaining ...
Lark
Lark. The Meadow Lark, Or American Starling Is The Best Known Of Our Larks. Its Song Is Of Exceeding Sweetness, The Few Plaintive Notes It Utters Being Wel Come To All As One Of The Earliest Harbingers Of Spring. It Is One Of The Most Beneficial Of Birds To The ...
Laver
Laver. Porphyralaciniata.vulgaris. A Sea Weed Eaten As A Delicacy When Boiled; Green. Laver ( Triva Latissima) Sometimes Is Substituted. Law. Laws Relating To Agriculture, Such A,s. Bird, Dog, Fence, Forests, Manures, Roads, Stock, Weights And Measures, Etc., Should Be Generally Understood By Farmers. It Would Save Much Costly Litigation And ...
Lawn
Lawn. The. Lawns Of England Have Been Celebrated The World Over For Their Verdancy; _ . _. Closeness Of Texture And General Beauty. This I, Owing To Four Reasons: A Most Thorough Pre Paration Of The Soil, The Moist Climate, Thick Sowing Of Grass Seed, And Frequent Cutting With The ...
Layering
Layering. The Laying Down Of A Branch, And Covering With Earth, In Order To Induce The Formation Of Roots Is Termed Layering. It Used . To Be Extensively Practiced With All That Class Of Plants, As Carnations, That Were Supposed Not To Strike Readily From Cuttings, And Indeed They Do ...
Leaves
Leaves. The Leaves Of Plants Act, In A Sense, Both As Do The Stomach And Luno's Of Mals. They Are The Vital Organs And May Not Be Unduly Taken Away Without Serious Injury To The Plant, For Just In Proportion To The Leaf Surface So Will Be The Roots. Hence ...
Leek
Leek. Allium Porrum. In The 'united States The Leek Is Less Cultivated Than In Most Other Countries. It Belongs To The Onion Family. It Has Always Been Regarded With Particular Favor By The Egyptians, Who Eat It Mw With Their Bread, Or As A Sauce For Meats. It Is Fre ...
Leghorn Fowls
Leghorn Fowls. The Legliorns Are Called By Tegetmeier, A Well Known English Authority, An American Breed. They Certainly Are A Thoroughly Americanized Breed, But Are Undoubtedly An Italian Breed Originally, Being Said To Have Been First Imported From Leg Horn, Whence Their Name. They Are Among The Hest Of Our ...
Lettuce
Lettuce. Lactuea Saliva. Lettuce Is A Hardy Annual Of Which The Original Country Seems To Be Unknown, But Thought To Be A Native Of Asia. It Has Been Found Wild In Many Different Parts Of The World, And Was First Cultivated In England About The Year 1562. It Is Divided ...
Lice
Lice. There Are So Many Forms Of These Ver Min Infesting Animals And Plants, That An Enum Eration Of The Various Species And A Description Of Their Habits Would Fill Many Large Volumes, As Vari Ous Genera Of Plants And Animals Have Their Dis Tinct Parasites. Some Plants And Animals ...
Lichens
Lichens. Plants Of A Very Low Organization, Which Grow On The Bark Of Trees Or Rocks, Where They Form A Kind Of Incrustation, Or Upon The Ground, Where They Consist Of Irregular Lobes, Par Allel With The Earth's Surface. Occasionally, In All Situations, They Are Found In A Branched State; ...
Light
Light. Light Is That Natural Force Which, Acting On The Retina Of The Eye, Produces The Sen Sation Of Vision. Upon Light, The Continued Vitality And Growth Of Plants Is Dependent, And In Its Absence Animals Soon Lose Vigor, And At Length Their Health Is Broken. In Agriculture, The Growth ...
Lily
Lily. A Class Of Superb Flowering Bulbs, Or Perennial Plants, The Most Of Them Either Hardy Or Surviving The Winter In The North, Under A Good Protection Of Mulch. There Are Many Species, Including The White Lily, L. Canclidum; Marta Gon, Martagon; Tiger, L. Tigrinum; Orange, L. Aurantium, And The ...
Lime
Lime. What Is Generally Understood By The Term Lime Is Quicklime, The Protoxide Of Calcium, Produced By Burning Limestones Or Sea-shells In The Free Draft Of A Fire. The Process Of Calcina Tion, Drives Off The Carbonic Acid Contained In The Limestone. If Fresh Burned Lime Be Kept From Access ...
Lithic Acid Uric Acid
Uric Acid, Lithic Acid. An Acid Occurring In Large Quantity, Combined With Ammonia, In The Urine Of Birds And Reptiles, And To A Small Extent Only In The Urine Of Carnivorous Quadrupeds. In The Pure State It Is A Very Insoluble White Powder; It Dissolves In Nitric Acid, And When ...
Live Stock
Live Stock. A Term Used To Designate The Animals Usually Kept On The Farm; Of These, Cattle And Horses Are First In Importance, Then Swine, Mules, And Sheep Follow In Respect To Money Value. The Tables Given Will Show The Number Of Horses, Mules, Cows, Other Cattle, Sheep, And Swine ...
Locust
Locust. Caloptenus. Orthoptera. The Great Devastation Produced By Grasshoppem, As They Are Generally Called, But Which Are Really Locusts, Deserve More Than A Passing Notice Of These Destructive Insects. In Every Age Of The Vvorld They Have Scourged Continental Countries. In The United States Their Depredations Have Been Confined To ...
Locust Tree
Locust Tree. Of The So Called Locust Trees, There Are Two Genera, First The Common Locust Or False Acacia, (robinia). The Common Locust, R. Pseudaeacia, Valuable For Its Timber And As An Ornamental Tree, When It Escapes The Locust Borer Unfortunately Generally Common Thiough The West. It Is, However, .said ...
Lucerne
Lucerne. Meclicago. There Are Several Varieties Of Medicago (medick) Cultivated As _m. Sativa, Or Lucerne; M. Lupulina, Or Black Rnedick Or Nonsuch; 3f. Maculata, Or Spotted Inedick; And _m. Denticulata, Or Denticulated Medick. The First Only Is Useful In The United States Lucerne, Called Generally Alfalfa In The United States, ...
Madder
Madder. This Plant Was Formerly Culti Vated To Some Extent, In The Middle Portions Of The .1,-nited States, Rich, Dry, Sandy Bottom Lands Being Best Adapted To Its Growth, And The Pro Duction Of The Roots. These Were Formerly Extensively Used For Dyeing Red, But They Are Now In A ...
Magnolia
Magnolia. The Magnolia Is One Of Most Magnificent Of The Flowering Trees Of United States, Being Handsome In The Tree And Leaf, Elegant In Its Bloom, And Exceedingly Fra-- Grant. Unfortunately None But The More Spicuous Are Hardy In The West, North Of The Latitude Of Tennessee. In Nashville, Tenn ...
Magpie
Magpie. Nuttall, Bonaparte, And Swain Son Regard The Magpie Of America And Europe As Identical, And Audubon Approved Their Judg Ment. Its Range Is Generally Throughout Europe, But In This Country It Is Restricted To The Western And Northern Regions. It Is Stated By Dr. Richard :son That It Has ...
Maize
Maize. Zea Mays. Corn, Indian Corn. To The American Ear, The Word Corn Signifies That Important Member Of The Grass Family, Denoini Nated. Outside The United States, Among English Speaking People, Indian Corn, (the Word Corn In Great Britain Being The Term Used To Designate Grain Generally). It Is A ...
Mammalia
Mammalia. The Study Of Animated Nature With Reference To Agricultural Economy Is Cer Tainly Of Importance To The Farmer, For Thus He Learns Of Those Beneficial Or Noxious. The Fol Lowing Will Give The Principal Points Relating To The Subject, Originally Written By Mr. E. A. Samuels, Of Massachusetts; And ...
Mange
Mange. The Cause Of Mange Is The Presence Of A Rainute Insect Which Live On, Or Burrows Under The Skin, Various Animals Having Their Peculiar Parasites. First Wash The Parts Well With Soap And Water To Break Up And Remove Crusts Or Scabs; Dry, And Apply The Following For The ...
Manure
Manure. Any Substance Which Contains The Elements Of Fertility, To The Soil Is Manure. The Composition And Characteristics Of Various Manures Has Come To Be An Important Study Wherever Land Has Become So Worn As To Be Infertile, And The Best Manner Of Sowing And Applying To Various Crops, Has ...
Mapl E Borer
Mapl E Borer. Legged 1viaple Borer. (.2egeria Acerni.) This Insect Of Late Years Has Done Extensive Damage Especially To Shade Maples In The West. Dr. C. V. Riley, In His Sixth Missouri Report, Says Of This Insect, That, Vieing With The Flat-headed Borer In Destructive Ness, But Generally Following In ...
Maple
Maple. Aerr. The Maple Family Is An Important One To The United States, Both From The Value Of Its Timber, And For The Saccharine Juices Which Some Of The Species Yield. These Are Notably The Sugar Maple, Or Rock Maple, A. Sacelatrinurn, And The Variety, A. Nigrum, Or Black Maple. ...
Maple Bark Louse
Maple Bark Louse. Pulvinaria 1-721771 Merabilis. Miss Emily A. Smith, Of Illinois, One Of The Most Accomplished Entomologists Of The West, Says Of This Insect: Although The Soft Maple (aar Dasycanntm) Is Generally One Of The First Trees Attacked, Yet They Soon Spread To The Other Species. The Insects Live ...
Maple Sugar
Maple Sugar. In The Article Sorghum, Will Be Found Matter Relating To Sugar Making, From The Best Data Except That Of Making Sugar From The True Sugar Cane, And Making Maple Sugar. So Far As Condensing The Sap Of The Maple Is Concerned And Converting It Into Sugar The Ideas ...
Marketing Crops
Marketing Crops. The Marketing Of Crops Is Not The Least Iniportant Of The Various Divisions Of Agriculture. Here The Farmer Becomes The Salesman, And As Much Tact, Com Bincd With Strict Integrity, Is Necessary Here As In Selling Any Product Whatever. In The City Or Village, Certain Individuals Become Known ...
Meadows
Meadows. Lands Seeded Down To Grass To Be Cut For Hay Are Termed Meadows. Those Used Exclusively For Grazing Are Pastures. Never Theless, A Meadow Does Not Become A Pasture Simply Because The Aftermath Is Eaten Off On The Ground. The Seeding Of Meadows Is For An Entirely Different Purpose ...
Measures
Measures. Measure Is Of Length, Breadth, And Thickness, Estimated By Known Lengths, Or Compared By Other Known Quantities: Thus There Are 12x12x12-1728 Cubic Inches In A Cubic Foot; And 3x3x3=27 Cubic Feet In A Cubic Yard. The Following Collated From The Library Of Refer Ence, Will Show At A Glance, ...
Measures Of Time
Measures Of Time. Time Is Best Defined As The Succession Of Motion And Phenomena, Independent Of Relative Human Perceptions. Time Is Measured By Man By The Impressions Of Successive Ideas, And These Diminish In A Ratio Of Their Own Increase ; Conse Quently, Time Appears Less As Men Advance In ...
Meat
Meat. The Growth Of The Live And Dead Meat Trade, The Facilities For Shipping And Preserv Ing It Fresh During Long Voyages, Whether Canned Or Simply In The Quarters, Is One Of The Wonders Of Modern Civilization. Improved Processes In The Curing Of Salted Meats Is Also As Wonderful As ...
Melon
Melon. All Our Valuable Members Of The Cueurbitacece„ Belong Originally To The East, And To Central Asia, But The Precise' Home Of No One Of Them Is Known Certainly, Since The Native Plant Of No One Species Is Found Growing Wild, On Account Of Their Cultivation From Remote Antiquity. The ...
Metals
Metals. Elementary Bodies, Remarkable For Their Luster ; They Conduct Electricity And Heat, And Are Negative Clectrics. Of The Peculiarities Of Some Of The Metals, Appleton's New Cy Cloptdia Says: The Peculiar Brilliancy And Reflec Tive Power Of The Metals,which May Be Enhanced By Polishing, Results From Their Great Opacity. ...
Metheglin
Metheglin. Metheglin, Or Mead Made Of Ho0y, Has Been Known Since The Remotest Times. Long After The Introduction Of Wine, And Even Beer, It Was The National Drink Of The English, As Beer Is To This Nation And The Germans Now. It Is One Of The Most Healthful, Moderately Used, ...
Midge
Midge. Minute Insects Infesting Wheat, The Gooseberry, And Various Plants. They Are Some -times Very Destructive To Wheat, Barley, Rye, Grass, Etc. The Eggs Are Deposited In June And July, In The Opening Flowers Of The Grain. These Hatch In About Eight Days, And Produce Minute, Orange-colored Grubs, Which Feed ...
Mignonette
Mignonette. Reseda Odorata. A Plant Of The Most Delicate Fragrance And Of Easy Cul Tivation, But Which Transplants With Diffieulty. Therefore It Should Be Sown Where It Is To Stand, Or Else Sown In Pots And Transplanted With The Ball Entire. A Good Plant Should Be In Every Window Collection ...
Milk
Milk. This Wonderfully Constituted, Nat Ural Product Of The Females Of Mammalia, Pro Duced In The Precise Proportions As To Constitu Ents, For The Most Perfect Assimilation By The Systems Of Young Animals Is Now Acknowledged By Scientists As Being Not Only A Perfect Food For Infants, But Also As ...
Mole
Mole. The Naoles Of America Belong To The Genus S'oriops, And Not To The True Moles, Talpa, Found In Europe. The Ground Mole, Scalops Aquaticus, Is Found In The Eastern And Southern States. The Western Mole, S. Argentea, Being Found In Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Mis Souri, And Kentucky, And ...
Molecule
Molecule. An Atom Not Capable Of Mechanical Subdivision. The Minute Atoms Of Which Bodies Are Formed. Of Organic Molecules, The Late Prof. Henry Said, We Are Able To Con Struct A Crystal Of Alum, From Its Elements, By Combining Sulphur, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Potas Sium And Aluminum; But The Chemist Has ...
Morgan Horses
Morgan Horses. The Morgan Horse, Which Probably Owes Its Principal Celebrity To The Black Hawk Strain (see Cut), And His Descendants Have Years Since Passed The Zenith Of Their Popularity. Admirable As These Horses Were For Light Driving, Their Small Size And Light Weight Was Against Them, And In Speed, ...
Mulberry
Mulberry. Morns. The Red Mulberry, Moms Rubra, Is The Only Native Species Of The Mulberry In The United States. The Black Mul Berry Of Europe Is Occasionally Cultivated For Its Fruit. The Whim Mulberry, M. Alba, Is Culti Vated In Silk Growing Regions For Feeding Silk Worms, And The Paper ...
Mule
Mule, A Mule Is A Hybrid Between Two Species Of The Same Genus. Thus, There May Be As Many Varieties Of Mules As There Are Species That Are Fertile One With Another (see Article Hybrid.) By Common Consent However, The Term Mule Is Understood To Be The Product Of The ...
Murrain
Murrain. A Disease, One Of The Forms Of Anthrax, (which See). Bloody Murrain Is Malig Nant Anthrax, Sometimes Called Black Quarter From The Engorgement Of The Neck, Shoulder, Quarter, Breast, Or Side Of The Animal, Producing A Black And Bloody Appearance Of The Tissues In The Latter Stages Of The ...
Mushroom
Mushroom. Iviushooms Are Eaten By Every Civilized Nation, When Fresh, Forming A Delicate And Palatable Food. The Difficulty In Obtaining Non-poisonous Kinds, And The Distress Ing And Sometimes Fatal Effects Of Eating Poison Ous Fungi Deter Many Persons From Using Them At All. Nevertheless, A Person May Soon Come To ...
Mustang Horses
Mustang Horses. The Mustang Has Been Denominated The Wild Horse Of North Amer Ica, And With The Same Truth As The Term Wild Horse Of South America Is Used. There Are No Wild Horses In America Except Such As Having Escaped From Domesticity In An Early Day Have Since Become ...
Mustard
Mustard. The Mustard Family Crucifera3 Includes Many Most Valuable Plants To Man; Among Them Nasturtium, Water Cress, Cabbage, Turnip, The Radish, Horse Radish, Pepper Grass And Mustard. The Varieties Of Mustard Cultivated For The Seeds Which Are Ground Into The Mustard Of Commerce, Are The White, &nap& Alba, And The ...
Mutton Sheep
Mutton Sheep. Within The Last Ten Or Fifteen Years The Demand For Superior Mutton Has Led To The Extensive Importation Of Sheep Adapted Particularly To The Production Of Mut Ton. Flocks Of The Improved Breeds Are Now Found All Over The United States, And Especially Within Easy Reach Of Our ...
Nascent
Nascent. In The Act Of Being Produced Or Evolved. A Chemical Phrase Given To The Evolu Tion Of Gases From Fluids, At Which Time They Are Fornia, Mid The Pampas Of South America, That They Were Slaughtered Simply For The Value Of Their Hides And Tallow. The So-called Native Cattle ...
Nayicular Disease
Nayicular Disease. This Disease Is Known Also As Contraction Of The Feet, And Pro Duces The Peculiar Crippled Gait Known As Grog Giness. The Intense Agony Of The Suffering Ani Mal May Be Partially Imagined By Any Person, Who, From A Boot Which Contracting On The Foot, Has Doubled The ...
Neat Cattle
Neat Cattle. The Term Neat Cattle Is Gen Erally Accepted As Implying All Breeds Of The Ox Tribe Domesticated By Man. They Are Therefore As Diverse In Their Characteristics As The Nations And Peoples Who Have Bred Them. In England, The United States And In Canada, They May Be Said ...
Nitrogen
Nitrogen. Azote, So Called From Its Fatal Effects On Life When Breathed, In An Uncombined State. Hydrogen Forms About Seventy-nine Parts In The One Hundred Parts Of Air. In Combination With Oxygen, It Forms Nitric Acid. Combinei With Hydrogen It Forms Ammonia. In Combina Tion With Oxygen It Is The ...
Nursery
Nursery. In Horticulture, A Nursery Is A Field Or Farm Used Exclusively For The Propaga Tion Of Trees And Plants, And The Cultivation Thereof Until They Are Of Sufficient Size For Trans Planting Where They Are To Stand Permanently. -until Within The Last Seventy Years But Little Attention Was Paid ...
Oak Insects
Oak Insects. The Oaks Are Subject To The. Attacks Of Various Insects, Including The Leaves, The Young Wood, The Inner Bark, And Also Boring Into The Solid Wood. Of The Latter The Borers, Especially The Water Borers, Are Particularly Destructive To The Timber. The Oak Twig Pruner, Stenocorus Putator,(elaphidion Villosum,) ...
Oidium
Oidium. (see Fungus.) Oil. The Oils Consist Principally Of Carbon And Hydrogen, They, However, Have A Great Affinity For Oxygen, And If Exposed To The Air Soon Absorb Oxygen And Thus Become Rancid, Since Besides Oleine They Contain More Or Less Of Other Matter. Hence, The Reason Why Fats So ...
Oil Of Wine
Oil Of Wine. Two Liquid Oily Bodies, As Well As The Cenanthic Ether, Are Known By This Name; The Former Arises From Distilling Ether Off Caustic Lime, And Are Sulphates Of The Oxide Of Ethyl. Okra. _hibiscus Eseulentus. A Plant Produc Ing Handsome Flowers, And Mucilaginous Pods, Valuable For Soups, ...
Oleomargarine
Oleomargarine. A Preparation Of The Fat Of Neat Cattle, Much Used Of Late Years For Making Fictitious Butter, And For Adulterating Butter And Cheese. When Prepared In A Cleanly Manner, And From Healthy Fat, Ft Is Nearly Identi Cal In Its Composition With True Butter, And Fully Equal In Nutrition, ...
Olive
Olive. The Olive Has Been Successfully Cul Tivated For Many Years On The Coast Of South Carolina, Georgia, Florida And Alabama; So Far, However, More In An Amateur Way Than With A View Of Reaping Profit From Pressing The Oil. The Olive, Olea Europma, Has Always Held Rank As The ...
Oniipn
Oniipn. Aimum Cepa. .the Onion Is One Of The Oldeq Cultivated As It Is One Of The Most Celebrated Of Ancient Vegetables. In Egypt, It Attained Great Excellence And Mildness, Probably From The Steady Heat, And Constant Moisture Of Irrigation In Connection With The Rich Alluvial Soil Of The Nile. ...
Orange
Orange. Citrus Aurantiuna. The Orange, Originally A Native Of The Warmer Portions Of Asia, Is Now Generally Disseminated And Grown In All Countries Where The Winter Frosts Are Not Severe Enough To Kill The Trees. In The United States, South Carolina And Georgia, The Gulf States And Southern California Comprise ...
Orcharding
Orcharding. One Of The First Necessities In Settling A New Country, Is To Prepare For And Set Out An Orchard. Few, However, Either Do So Systematically, Or Wheu They Do Set One, Eare For It As It Should Be. Henee The Idea Of Some That Fruit Will Not Do Well, ...
Oriole
Oriole. Icterus. There Are Two Species, The Garden Oriole, I. Spurius, And The Baltimore Oriole, I. Baltimore. The First Named Is Of -a Bright Chestnut Color, The Head, Neck, Back,wings And Tail Black, Bill And Legs Bluish-black. Mat Ure Birds, Or After The Third Year, Mottled On The Upper Parts ...
Ornamental Grass
Grass, Ornamental. The Varieties Of Ornamental Grasses Are Numerous, And Some Of Those Recently Introduced Are Especially Beauti Ful. The Annual Ornamental Varieties Are Too Well Known To Need Description, As Are Some Of The Finer Of The Perennial Varieties. Erianthus Ravenna, (see Cut Above) Resembles The Cele- Brated Pampas ...
Ornithology
Ornithology. The Department Of Science Which Treats Of Birds, Their Characteristics, Their Form, Structure, Habits And Uses Is Called Ornitho Logy ; From Two Greek Words Signifying, A Bird, And Discourse. To The Fanner, The Study Is Of Great Importance As Enabling Him To Distinguish Between Birds Useful, Those Whose ...
Orthoptera
Orthoptera. The Name Orthoptera Sig Nifies Straight Wing, As The Generality Of Insects Of This Order Are Distinguished By Having Their Under Wings Folded In Straight Plaits, And Not Doubled Up Under The Wing-cases, As In The Coleoptera Or Beetles. When The Insect Is At Rest The Under Wings Are ...
Oxygen
Oxygen. This Important Element Was Dis Covered In 1774 By Dr. Priestley. There Are Sev Eral Compounds Of Oxygen Which, When Exposed To Heat, Are Decomposed, And Yield The Gas In A State Of Purity. Of These, The Best Is Chlorate Of Potash; But As That Salt Is Expensive, We ...
Oyster Shell Bark Louse
Oyster Shell Bark Louse. The Oyster Shell Bark Louse, (aspidiotusconchiformis,) Is Often Destructive To Young Orchards If Neglec Ted, Fastening Themselves In Countless Numbers On The Young Bark Of The Twigs And Smaller Limbs, And Thus Sapping The Life Of The Tree By Sucking Its Juices. This Is An Imported ...
Parsnip
Parsnip. Pastinaca Sativa. A Hardy Bien Nial Plant Standing Out During Our Coldest Win Ters, And With Advantage In Flavor To The Fusi Form Root, The Edible Portion Of The Plant. If Allowed To Stand, The Second Year The Flower Stalk Is Thrown Up To The Height Of Five Or ...
Partridge
Partridge. Perclicidce. The Partridge Differs From The Grouse In Having The Legs Uufeathered Below The Knee, And In Having The Nostrils Uncovered. In The New England States, Most Of The Middle States And Generally In The West, This Bird Is Known As Quail. In The South, It Is Known By ...
Parturition
Parturition. On The Farm, Among Animals Which Have Good Shelter And Plenty Of Food, But Little Difficulty Is Experienced In Bring Ing Forth The Young. The Exceptions Are Gener Ally When Mechanical Difficulty Is Present, As In Rigidity Of The Womb, Or Else Contracted Pelvis Bones. Other Difficulties Are The ...
Pasturage
Pasturage. The Value Of Pasturage Is Second To No Other Product Of The Country. Yet It Is The Fact That Comparatively Few Permanent Pastures Are To Be Found In The Country. This Is Undoubtedly Owing To The Fact, That But Com Paratively A Small Portion Of The United States Is ...
Pavilion
Pavilion. In Architecture, A Projecting Apartment On The Flank Of V Building, Usually Higher Than The Rest Of It. Summer-houses In Gardens Are Sometimes, But Improperly, Termed Pavilions. Pea. Pisum. The Cultivated Pea Is One Of The Most Important Of The Pulse Family, Ranking -next The Bean, (phaseolus,) In Value. ...
Pea Nut 4
Pea-nut. (4 Oober, Pindar, Ground Pea, Ground Nut. Araehis Hypoycea. In Tennessee And Down The Mississippi, It Is Known By The Name Of Goober, And On The Atlantic Coast As Ground-pea; Commercially, However, The Word Pea-nut Is The Usual Term. It Is A Native Of India, But Is Now Extensively ...
Peach
Peach. Persica Vulgaris. The Original Country Of The Peach Is Uot Certainly Known. Ii, Is, However, Indigenous To Persia, And Was Taken From Thence To Italy By The Romans, In The Time Of The Emperor Claudius. Hence Its Name Persica, From Persia. In China It Seems To Have Been Cultivated ...
Pear
Pear. Pyrus Communis. The Pear Would Undoubtedly Be The Favorite Dessert Fruit Of The Day, Were It Not, That, Owing To The Blight And Other Disabilities Neither Uniform Crops, Nor The Life Of The Tree Itself Can Be Depended On Even In The Most Favored Localities In The United States. ...
Peat
Peat. A Fibrous Earth, The Remains Of The Decomposition Of Aquatic Grasses, In A Transition State Toward The Formation Of Coal. Localities Where Found, Are Termed Peat Bogs, And When Other Fuel Is Scarce It Is Commonly Used, Burning With A Clear Flame Or Smouldering, According To Its Quality. It ...
Persimmon
Persimmon. Diospyros. The American Persimmon, D. Virginiana, Is A Small Tree, Though Sometimes It Is Found From Forty To Fifty Feet High. It Is Eommon South Of Forty Degrees And Rare North, Seldom Being Found As High As Forty-two Degrees. Grown If There Is Plenty Of Room, The Tree Is ...
Pheasant
Pheasant. In Some Sections Of The Middle States And In The South The Ruffed Grouse (tetrao Umbellus) Is Improperly Called Pheasant, Just As It Is Called Partridge In New England And Some Other Sections Of The North And West. The True Pheasant (phasianus) Is Not A Native Of The United ...
Pigeon
Pigeon. The Pigeon Is Bred In A Domesti Cated State In Every Civilized Country In The World, And Is Now Broken Up By Breeding Into An Almost Infinite Variety Of Forms And Characteristics_ Their Powers Of Flight Are Most Astonishing, The Carrier Pigeon Having Been Known To Traverse 800 Miles ...
Pinks
Pinks. Dianthus. A Class Of Highly Orna Mental Plants, Biennials And Perennials, All, How Ever, Requiring Protection In The Winter In The North, And Some Like The Carnation, Requiring To Be Kept In The House In Winter. The Character Istics Of Excellence In Pinks Are That The Flowers Should Be ...
Or Allution Alluvium
Alluvium, Or Allution. A Term Which, In The English Language, Has No Very Defined Meaning. Some Authors Use It To Designate All Those Rocks Which Have Been Formed By Causes Now Acting On The Surface Of The Earth, Including Those Of Volcanic Origin; While Others, Adhering To The Literal Meaning ...
Or Aphides
Aphides, Or Plant Lice, As They Are Usually Called, Are Among The Most Extraordinary Of Insects. They Are Found Upon Almost All Parts Of Plants--the Roots, Stems, Young Shoots, Buds And Leaves—and There Is Scarcely A Plant Which Does Not Harbor One Or Two Kinds Peculiar To It,elf. They Are, ...
Or Colic Blown
Blown, Or Colic. Undue Distention Of The Stomach, From Fermentation Of Food, As Wet Grass, Bad Fodder, Musty Hay, Ergoty, Or Even Sound Grain Eaten In Undue Quantities, Causing The Liberation Of Gas Faster Than It Can Be Passed Off, Is Usually Termed Hoven In Cattle, And Also Blast, Blown, ...