PAVILION. In architecture, a projecting apartment on the flank of v building, usually higher than the rest of it. Summer-houses in gardens are sometimes, but improperly, termed pavilions.
PEA. Pisum. The cultivated pea is one of the most important of the pulse family, ranking -next the bean, (Phaseolus,) in value. In Canada and the extreme northern portions of the United States where it escapes the ravages of the pea weavil, which further south stings the young pods, depositing its eggs thereiu, and hatching, the young find their way to the peas, which they burrow, avoiding the germ, but entirely ruining the se,eds for food. When the crop escapes the ravages of this pest the crop is valu able and large quantities are exported. The chick pea, (Cieer ,) has long heeu known in gar dens and in India it has been known and culti vated as food for horses since the earliest histori cal times. So also the cow pea of the South, but which is really a bean, or a species of dolichos, of which asparagus bean is one of the cultivated varieties. The cow pea is considered one of the most valuable plants in the South for fodder, for its ripe seeds, for cattle, swine and horses, and also as a manurial crop for turning under green. It will thrive on land too poor for clover, and leaves the soil in admirable condi tion for an after crop. When sown among corn it affords valuable pasturage after the corn is ripe. Care, however must be taken that stock is not allowed to eat too freely of it at first, since like green clover it sometimes kills them from hoven or bloat, that is from the gas generating from the fermenting mass in the crowded stomach. The pea is cultivated all over the civilized world, in gardens, for eating green, or at the time the seeds are fully formed hut yet not ripe. There are two distinct classes, the
dwarf and the running. The dwarfs are sown about two feet apart between rows by half an inch in the rows, aud need no brush. Among the best varieties are Tom Thumb, Little Gem and Yorkshire Hero, the latter a large, wrinkled pea of great excellence of flavor. If TOM Thumb or Little Gem are planted at the same time they will furnish a succession, Yorkshire Hero corning in about the time the others fail. For the general crop, however, the taller kinds are planted. Among the best varieties of these sorts for family use, are Daniel O'Rourke, Early, Champion of England, Medium, and Mis souri Marrow, a late pea. The first named require brush about three feet high, although they are often left without brushing. Indeed market gardeners seldom brush them. Chann pions and Marrows require brush fully five feet high. In the kitchen garden it will pay to brush all the running varieties; Daniel O'Rourke should be sown iu drills, early in the spring, three and a half feet apart, Champion five feet apart aud Missouri Marrow six feet apart. If sowings are made later, the seed should he cov ered four or even five inches deep, since it is found that this deep planting assists the plants in withstanding drought. When the peas are to be brushed to support their growth, and all varieties that grow over two and a-half feet high are better for brushing, it is usual to SOW iu double rows—rather thinly—the double rows to be twelve to fourteen inches apart.