TITUS, THE EPISTLE TO. One of the Epistles of the New Testament known as the Pastoral Epistles (q.v.). It appears from this letter that Titus, to whom it is addressed, was in charge of the work of the Church in Crete. Titus was a Gentile who was converted by the Apostle Paul. With Paul and Barnabas he visited Jeru salem (Galatians ii. 1-4). The Epistle to Titus has the same linguistic and stylistic characteristics as the Epistles to Timothy. Like the other Pastoral Epistles, it refers to false teaching of a semi-Jewish character (i. 10, 14; iii. 9). In the case of Crete, a corruption of Christian doctrine can easily be understood, for the character of the Cretans was proverbially bad. The Epistle itself in i. 12 refers to a description of them by Epimenides (GOO B.C.). " One of themselves, a prophet of their own said, Cretans are always liars, evil beasts, idle gluttons." It has been thought that the letter is not a unity. " Attempts have been made, not very satis factorily, to split this letter into Pauline and non-Pauline sections, the only part about which there is absolute unanimity among such critics being that the last few verses are certainly to be attributed to the Apostle" (Currie Martin). See J. A. M'Clymont; G. Currie Martin;
Arthur S. Peake, Intr.; J. Moffatt, Intr.
TIU. One of the gods of the Ancient Teutons. It has been suggested that Tiu is identical with Irmin, the eponymous hero of the Irminaleute or Hermiones. He was one of the chief gods of the Frisians; and was wor shipped by the Anglo-Saxons as Tiw, and by the Norse men as Tyr. But his worship was common to all the Teutons. Tiu appears often as a god of war, but -originally he seems to have been a sky god. The sword would seem to have been one of his symbols, and sword dances to have been performed in his honour. The sword-dances were accompanied by sacrifice. The name of the god survives in the English Tuesday. See P. D. Chantepie de la Saussaye, Rel. of the Teutons, 1902.