Booby
Booby, The English Name For A Genus Of Pdeeanidce (dysporus Of Linger, Mortis Of Vieillot, Lea Fours Of The French), Separated With Good Reason From The True Pelicans By Brisson Under The Name Of Sala. The Term Booby Is More Particularly Applied By Navigators To That Species (sala Lima Of ...
Book Ii
Book Ii. On The Law Of Universal Gravitation, And On The Motion Of The Centres Of Gravity Of The Heavenly Bodies.-chap. 1, On The Law Of Universal Gravitation, Collected From Phenomena; Chap. 2, On The Differential Equations Of The Motion Of A System Of Bodies Acting On Each Other By ...
Book Vi
Book Vi. Particular Theories Of The Planets.-chap. 1, Formulte For The Planetary Inequalities Depending On The Squares And Higher Powers Of The Excentricities And Inclinations Of The Orbits ; Chap. 2, Inequalities Depending On Tho Square Of The Disturbing Force; Chap. 3, Perturbations Due To The Ellipticity Of The Sun; ...
Boraginacee
Boragina'ce)e, Borage-worts, The Borage Tribe, A Natural Order Of Regular-flowered Monopetalouc Dicotyledons, Which Are Readily Dis-• Tinguished Froin All Others By Having Their Ovary Deeply Divided Into Four Lobes, From The Middle Of Which Arises A Single Style. They Are Moreover Characterised By Their Flowers Being Arranged In A Gyrate, ...
Borai30
Borai30, A Genus Of Plants, The Type Of The Natural Order Bora Ginocerr, And Placed In The Tribe Anchuseer. This Tribe Is Distinguished By Possessing Four Nuts Affixed To An Hypogynous Disk, With An Exca Vated Space Surrounded By A Tumid Ring At Their Base. The Genus Borago Has A ...
Borassus
Bora'ssus, A Genus Of Palms, Called Tala In Sanscrit And Palmyra By The English, In Imitation Of The Portuguese, Who Name It Palmeira Brava. It Is Defined By Roxburgh As Having Dicecious Hexandrous Flowers ; The Calyx And Corolla In The Males Consisting Each Of Three Distinct Pieces, And In ...
Boron
Boron. Minerals Containing Boron Or Any Of Its Compounds As An Essential Component Part Are Comparatively Few In Number, And Ouly Found In A Few Spots; It May Be Therefore Considered As One Of The Least Predominating Of The Elements. It Is The Basis Of Sassoline, Or Native Boracic Acid ...
Borreria
Borreria, A Genus Of Plants Named In Honour Of William Borrer, F.l.s. It Belongs To The Natural Order Cinchonaceir, And Has Tho Following Characters :—calyx With An Ovate Tube, And A Permanent Limb Which Is Parted Into 2-4 Teeth; Corolla Salver-shaped Or Funnel Shaped, 4-lobed ; Stamens 4, Exserted Or ...
Bosw Ellia
Bosw E'llia, A Genus Of Balsamic Plants Belonging To The Natural Order .4 Myridacae. One Of The Species Is Believed By Cole Brooke To Be The Alflavor Of Theophrnstus, And The Thttrea Virga Of The Romans. (' Asiatic Researches,' Vol. Ix.) It Appears That The Gum-resin Called Olibantun Is The ...
Botany
Botany Is That Branch Of Science Which Comprehends All That Relates To The Vegetable Kingdom. The Term Botany Is Derived From The Greek, In Which Bombe; Signifies Any Kind Of Grass Or Herb, And $0-raysei Time Art Which Teaches The Nature Of Plants And Herbs. Time Structure Of Plants, Their ...
Botryciiium
Botry'ciiium, A Genus Of Ferns Belonging To The Sub-order The Tribe Ophioglossem Of That Family. It Halt Distinct Them Disposed In A Compound Spike Attached To A Pinnate Or Bipinnate Frond. There Is Only One Species A Native Of Great Britain, The B. Lunario, Common Moonwort. It Has A Solitary ...
Bots
Bots Are The Larve Or Caterpillars Of The Gad-fly, Belonging To The Order Diptera And The Genus (estrus, And Distinguished By This Peculiarity, That They Pass The Larval State Of Their Existence Within Some Living Animal, And Feed On The Juices Or Substance Of That Animal. There Are Numerous Species ...
Bovista
Bovista, A Genus Of Plants Belonging To The Natural Order Fungi. This Name Was Given It By Dilleniue, And Is A Latinised Version Of Bofist, Its German Name. Lit Ninny Parts Of England Its Common Name Is Bullfice, And Some Writers Call It Bull Puff-ball. The Genus Bovista Was At ...
Bra Chionyea
Bra Chionyea, A Family Of Animals Belonging To The Order Rotifera. It Embraces A Large Number Of Species Formerly Included Under The Genus Brachionus. It Is Distinguished From Other Families Of Rotifera . By The Possession Of Two Rotatory Organs, And A Lorica Or Shell. The Wheels, Or Rotatory Organs, ...
Brachypodine
Brachypodi'n.e, Swainson's Name For A Sub-family Of Birds Belonging To The Merulidce, Containing The Following Genera, Or Rather Sub-genera : Brachypus, Swaineon, Thus Characterised By Him :—bill Short ; Rictus (gape) Bristled; Feet Small, Weak ; Lateral Toes Equal ; Hinder Toe As Long As The Tarsus. Type, Brachypus Dispar, ...
Brachypteryx
Brachy'pteryx, A Genus Of Birds Approaching To Saricoia, Thus Defined By Dr. Horsfield : Bill With The Culmen Carinated Between The Nostrils, The Sides Being Flattened, And Rounded Towards The Apex, With The Sides Convex ; Edges Subinflected ; Wings Very Short And Obtuse : Tail Moderate And Rounded; Feet ...
Bradypus
Bradypus, A Genus Of Mammals Belonging To The Order Edentate Of Cuvier, And Together With The Genus Oulu, Or Chobrpus, Composing A Small Family To Which Cuvier Gave The Appellation Of Tardigrada, From The Peculiar Conformation Of Their Extremities, And The Remark Able Slowness Of Their Pace. Both These Genera ...
Brain
Brain, A Soft And Pulpy Organ, Which In Man Occupies The Cavity Of The Cranium, And Forms One Of The Central Masses Of The Nervous System. [nervous System] In Man And All The Higher Animals The Nervous System Consists Of Four Distinct Parts—the White Threads Called Nerves, Knots Or Masses ...
Bramble
Bramble, The Wild Bush That Beam Blackberries, Belonging To The Natural Order Resacar. [byars.] Il1ta3111ling. [fassortasts] Bra\c1ll0'i'oda, The First Order Of The Division Entomostrata Of The Class Craearea. [causvacen.] Dr. Baird, In Natural History Of The British Entoineetmea,' Thus Characterises) It :—mouth Furnished With Organs Fitted For Mastication ; Branchite ...
Branchiostoma
Branchio'stoma, The Name Given By Costa To The Most Anoma Lous Of All Living Fishes, And Indeed Of All The Vertebrate. This Extraordinary Animal Was First Discovered On The Coasts Of Britain, A Single Specimen Having Been Sent To Pallas From The Coast Of Cornwall During The Latter Part Of ...
Brassica
Bra'ssica, A Genus Of Cruciferous Plants, Comprehending Among Other Species The Cabbage, Cauliflower, Broccoli, Borecole, Rape, Tur Nip, Colza, And The Like. It Is Distinguished From Other Cruciferous Genera By The Following Characters :—its Seeds Contain An Embryo, The Radicle Of Which Is Embraced In The Concavity Of The Folded ...
Bream
Bream, A Name Given More Especially To The Carp-bream, But Applied To Several Other Kinds Of Fish. It Is More Especially Adopted To Designate The Species Of The Genus Abramis, Belonging To The Division Of Abdominal Ma/ueopterygii And The Family Cyprinida.. The Chief Distinguishing Characters Of This Genus Consist In ...
Brentides
Brenti'des, A Family Of Coleopterous Insects, Belonging To The Section Rhynchophora And Sub-section Recticornes. Distinguishing Characters :—body Much Elongated ; Tarsi With The Penultimate Joints Bibbed; Antenna' Filiform, Or In Some With The Terminal Joint Formed Into A Club; Proboscis Projecting Horizontally, Generally Long ; In The Male Longer Than ...
Breunnerite
Breunnerite In A Native Carbonate Of Magnesia And Iron. It Occurs Crystallised. Its Primary Form Is An Obtuse Rhomboid. The Cleavage Perfect, Parallel To The Primary Planes. Colour Yellow Of Different Shades, And Black ; Streak White ; Fracture Flat Conchoidal ; Hardness 4•0 To 4'5 ; Its Lustre Is ...
Brick
Brick Xtv. Of Sweden, The Son Of Gustavus Vasa, Was Acknowledged, By A Diet Bell At Westeraas In 1544, As Heir To The Throne While He Was In His Eleventh Year : He Succeeded His Father In 1559. He Began By Showing A Considerable Degree Of Jealousy Towards His Brothers ...
British Wines
Wines, British. British Wines, Or Sweets, As They Are Called By The Excise, Are Sweet Beverages Made As Substitutes For Real Wine. The Making Of Them Forms A Part Of Domestic Chemistry Or Household Skill, As Well As A Branch Of Trade. Generally Speaking They Are Prepared From The Juice ...
Broscus
Bro'scus, A Genus Of Coleopteroua Insects, Belonging To The Section Of The Carabidce, Called Simplicimani By Latreille. In Latreille's Work, However, This Genus Retains The Name Of Cephalotes (given To It By Bonelli, From The Circumstance Of The Species Possessing An Unu Sually Large Head), Which Has Been Expunged By ...
Brosmius
Bro'smius, A Genus Of Fishes Belonging To The Section Subbrachial Malacopterygii, And Family Gadidce. Generic Characters :—body Elon Gate, And Furnished With A Single Dorsal Fin Which Extends From Near The Head To The Tail ; The Anal Fin Is Also Of Considerable Length, And Extends From The Vent To ...
Broussonetia
Broussone'tia, A Genus Of Plants Belonging To The Natural Order Urticacece And Sub-order Morece. There Is But One Species, B. Papyrifcra. It Is From The Inner Bark Of This Plant That The Japanese And The Chinese Manufacture A Kind Of Paper, And The South Sea Islanders The Principal Part Of ...
Brugmansia
Brugma'nsia. Two Very Different Plants Have Been Called By This Name, One A Ithisanth Belonging To The Order Itafflesiaeete, The Other A Plant Belonging To The Natural Order Solanaeae. The Species Of The Latter Are Now Referred To Datura. D. Arborea Is The Bovochevo Of The Columbiana, And Is Known ...
Brunoniace1e
Brunonia'ce1e, Brunoniads, The Brunouia Tribe, O Natural Order Of Plants Belonging To The Monopetalous Exogens. This Order Was Defined By Robert Brown, And Has For Its Type A Genus Which Was Named After Him. He Placed It As O Section Of The Natural Order Goodenorirr, But It Is Raised To ...
Bryan Edwards
Edwards, Bryan, The Historian Of The British West India Colonies, Was Born At Sit Eatbury, In Wiltshire, May 21, 1743. Farully Losses Caused Him, Towards The End Of 1759, To Go To Jamaica, Where Ha Was Kindly Received By His Mother's Brother, Zachary Bayly, A Rich, Enerous, And Enlightened Planter, ...
Bubo
Bubo, A Genus Of Birds Belonging To The Family Strigida', Separated By Cuvier, And Characterised By A Small Concha, Or Ear Aperture, And A Facial Disk, Less Perfect Than In The Sub-genus Syrnium (chats-huans Of The French). Two Tufts Or Feathered Horns Of Considerable Size Adorn The Head, And The ...
Buccinum
Buccinum, The Name Of A Genus Of 3lolluscous Animals, To Which The Common Whelk Belongs. Forbes And Hanley Place It Amongst The Prosobranchiate Gasteropoda, And The Tribe Muricidcr. The Fol Lowing Are Its Characters :—shell Ovate, More Or Leas Ventricose, Turreted ; Surface Smooth Or Spirally Striated, Spirally Grooved Or ...
Bucku
Bucku. (drossra.] Bud, Or Leaf-bud, In Vegetable Physiology, Is The Organised Rudiment Of A Branch. Whatever Becomes A Branch Is, When First Organised, A Bud ; But It Does Not Therefore Follow That All Buds Become Branches ; On The Contrary, Owing To Many Disturbing Causes, Buds Are Subject To ...
Buddlea
Buddlea, A Genus Of Plants Named After Adam Middle, A Botanist Of The Time Of Who Contributed To Ray's 'synopsis,' And Whose Herbarium Is Now In The British Museum. Butldlea Belongs To The Natural Order Scropitu/ariecas. It Has A Campanulate 5•toothed Calyx ; Tubular Corolla With The Limb 4.5-cleft, Equal, ...
Bufo
Bufo, A Genus Of Reptiles Belonging To The Family Bufenicke, And To Which The Common Toad Belongs. The Genus Is Thus Character Ised :—body Inflated; Skin Warty; Parotids Porous ; Hind Feet Of Moderatelength, Toes Not Webbed; Jaws Without Teeth ; Nose Rouuded. About 20 Species Of This Genus Have ...
Bufonites
Bufonites, The Term Commonly Applied, Previously To The Investigations Of 31. Agassiz, To The Roundish Teeth Of Fishes Frequent In The Oolitic Strata. They Belong To The Genera Splurrodus,gprodus, L'yenodua, &c. Bug, One Of A Numerous Tribe Of Insects Which Constitute The Order I, Hemiptera, Belonging To The Family Cimicides ...
Bulgaria
Bulgaria, Caxat.t. Svnta, &e. Besides Those Sive Provinces Which Are Under The Immediate Sovereignty Of The Sultan, This Empire Contains The Following Vassal States :—mosesvia; Wass-acet• ; Seems ; Ecru; Tvs's; Tinyoll Those Vassal States Have Also Beeu Treated Under Their Several Heads. The Turkish Empire Is Divided Into Eyelets ...
Bulimus
Buli'mus, The Name Of A Very Extensive Genus Of Terrestrial Pul Moniferous Illollusea. Lamarck Arranges It Under His Colimac6s, A Family Of Phytophagous Or Plant-eating Trachelipods, Respiring Air By Means Of Lungs, And Protected By A Spiral Shell Which Is More Or Less Elongated, Oval, Oblong, Or Turrieulated, With An ...
Buniu3i
Bu'niu3i, A Genus Of Plants Belonging To The Natural Order Ur/pm/vera., The Sub-order Orthospermecr, And The Tribe Amminece. It Has An Obsolete Calyx ; Obcordate Petals, With A Broad Obtuse Inflexed Point ; An Oblong Fruit, The Carpels With 5 Filiform Equal Ridges ; The Interstices With 1 Or 3 ...
Buphaga
Bu'phaga (buphagus, Brisson), A Genus Of Birds, Whose Form In Some Points Resembles That Of The /if Erulidce (blackbirds), While Its Habits Approach Those Of The Sturnithe (starlings); But The Form Not Withstanding Presents Such Strong Points Of Diference That Most Ornithologists Agree In Viewing The Type Of A Family, ...
Buprestidx
Bupre'stidx, A Family Of Colcopterous Insects Of The Section Pentamera And Sub-section Sternoxi (latreille). The Section Sterno.zi Is Composed Of Two Great Groups Or Families, Baprestides And Elatcrides: The Species Of The Former Group Are Distinguished From The Latter Principally In Having The Tarsi Dilated (the Penultimate Joints Of Which ...
Burlington
Burlington, The Largest Town In The State, Is Noticed In A Separate Article. Bennington, The Oldest Town In Vermont, Is Situated On The Right Bank Of The Hoosac River, 103 Miles S. By W. From Montpelier : Popu Lation 3923. It Is The Market-town Of A Busy Agricultural District, And ...
Burmanniatex
Burmanniatex, Burmanniads. The Burmannia Tribe, A Natural Order Of Plants Belonging To Lindley's Group Of Epigynous Endogens. It Was First Constituted By Sprengel As A Separate Order, And Is Sometimes Made A Section Of A Maryll Idams. The Species Of Plants Belonging To This Order Are Herbaceous, With Tufted Radicle, ...
Bustard
Bustard, The English Name Of A Bird Belonging To The Genus Otis. The Species Are Land-birds Whose Proper Position In The Orni Thological System Bars Caused Some Embarrassment To Zoologists. Temminck Places The Genus Otis Under His Twelfth Order, Cursores (runners), Observing That The Genera Struthio, Rhea, And Cassuarius Ought ...
Buxus
Buxus, The Genus Of Omits Whose Species Afford The Vnlunble Hard Wood Called Box. It Is Remarkable Botanically As Being The Most Northern Arborescent Plant Of The Natural Order Eaphorbiarar, All The Other Trees Of Which Are Confined To Mill Or Tropical Climates. Its Essential Character Is To Have Both ...
Byssomya
Byssomya, A Genus Of Conchiferous Mollusks, Separated By Cuvier And Placed By Hint Under His Acephalons Testacea, Between Pandora . And Iliatella. De Blainville, Who Approves Of Curier's Separation, Observing That, Though The Shell Differs Little From Saxicava, The Animal Is Very Distinct, Arranges It In His Family Of Pyloridea, ...
C Aquilius Gallus
Gallus, C. Aquilius, Was A Roman Aqua And A Friend Of Cicero. Ile Was Praetor B.c. 66. Gallus Was A Pupil Of Q. Mucins Scarvola, The Pontifox, And Obtained A Great Reputation As A Jurist. He Was Both A Skilful Advocate And A Learned Expounder Of The Law. The Distinguished ...
Ca El
Ca El Value Of P, We Have W.e. — C A . —. And In Like Manner May The Relation Between The Power And Resistance Be Found, In The Case Of Equilibrium, Whatever Be The Number Of Wheels And Axles. It Is To Be Understood, In The Above Description, That ...
Ca Lasua
Ca La'sua, An Indian Philosopher Of The Sect Called By The Greeks Gyt000sophiria, Or ' Naked Phi/osophers? Alexander The Great, In The Course Of His Indian Expedition, Met With A Body Of These Singular And Being Desirous Of Speaking With Them, He Deputed Onosicritus To Bolts Them To Visit Him. ...
Ca Llimachlts
Ca Lli'machlts, A Greek Poet, Was At The Height Of His Reputation A Little After The Time Of The First Punic War, 264 Me. (aul. As Il 21, 41.) Wo Learn From &idea The Following Particulars Re Specting Him, Lie Was The Eon Of Bettus And Mosattna, Was Born At ...
Cabot Sebastian
Cabot. Sebastian, Was The Son Of John Cabot Or Osbotto, • Native Of Venice, Who Resided Oocasiooally In England, And Of Whom Little More Is Known Than That He Was A Wealthy, Intelligent Merchant, And Fond Of Maritime Discovery. Sebastian Was Born At Bristol About 1477, And Was Early Instructed ...
Cadm1h3l
Cadm1h3l [guesxocerre.] Csesa Lpinia, A Genus Of Plants Belonging To The Tribe Cassietr, Of The Natural Order Leguminosa, And Especially Distinguished By The Lowermost Of Its Sepals Being Arched, The Uppermost Of Its Stalked Petals Being The Shortest, Its Stamens All Perfect With Shaggy Bases, And The Fruit A Compressed ...
Cads Ls
Cads L's, The Thew Of Several Persons In Greek History. The Most Fawns Was The Legendary Founder Of Thebes, Who Was The Son Of Armour, King Of The Mamma's*, And Was Sent In Search Of His Sister Roarape. Who Had Been Carried Off, Wording To The Old Fable, By Jupiter ...
Cadwallader Colden
Colden, Cadwallader, Lientenantegovernor Of New York Before The Revolution, Was The Author Of Numerous Works On Subjects In Medicine, Natural Philosophy, And Botany. Hie Father Was Minister Of Ilene In Scotland, Where He Was Born In 1688. He Received His Medical Education At The University Of Edinburgh, And In 1708 ...
Cain
Cain Was The Eldest Eon Of Adam. Ilia History, With That Of His Brother Abel, Is Contained In The Fourth Chapter Of Oenesis. Cain, We Are Told, Was A Tiller Of The Ground, While Abel Was A Keeper Of Sheep. The Brothers Offered Sacrifices Together. Cain's Offering Being The Fruit ...