INNOCENT IL, CARDINAL GREGORIO Pam, was elected by his party, after the death of Honorius II. in 1130, but another party elected a candidate who took the name of Anacletus 11. An affray between the adherents of the two followed this double election, and Innocent was obliged to leave Rome and repair by sea to France. That kingdom as well as several Italian states acknowledged him as pope, but Roger of Sicily, the conqueror of Apulia, took part with Anacletus, who in return crowned him king of Sicily and Apulia, in 1130, at Palermo.
Innocent meantime crowned the king of Germany, Lotharius, at Liege, as king of the Romans, and Lotharius in 1133 marched with troops into Italy to put an end to the schism by placing Innocent ou the seo of Romo, which city he entered, and was himself crowned emperor by Innocent in the Basilica of tho Lateran. Anacletus however but himself up in the castle St. Angelo, and the emperor, not being able to dislodge bins from thence, left Rome, followed by Innocent, who withdrew to Pisa, where he held a council, at which St. Bernard was present, and in which Anaeletus and him partisans were excom muutcated. lu September 1133, Lotharius marched again into Italy with numerous troops, followed by a number of German bishops and archbishop; and after having held his court in the plains of Roncaglia, where he published a law concerning the tenure of fiefs, he fought his way in the following spring into Lower Italy, defeated Roger, and obliged Lim to withdraw to Sicily, took Capua, Benevento, Bari, mind other towns, while Iuuocent entered Rome and again took possession of the Lateran. Lotherius however soon after died, and in 1133
Anscletus died also. The party of the latter, supported by Roger, elected another antipope styled Victor IV., who was soon after persuaded by St. Bernard to resign hie claims, and thus restore peace to the church. Roger however continued hostile to Innocent, for which he was excommunicated in the second council of the Lateran, but lnoocent, having gone as far as San Germano with a body of troops to meet Roger, was surprised and taken prisoner by him. This led to a peace, by which Innocent acknowledged lioger as king and his son as duke of Apulia. It was thou that the city of Naples first ackuow lodged Roger as its sovereign. In 1139 Arnaldo da Brescia began to preach at Rome, bnt being banished from that city, he repaired to France. [AneaLtict DA BRESCIA.) The remaining years of Innocent's pontificate were disturbed by a war between the lloniguis and the people of Tibur, and by a revolt in Rome itself, when the people, excited perhaps by the partisans of Arnaldo, assembled on the capital, re-established the senate, and asserted their independence. In the midst of these troubles Innocent died, in September 1143, and was succeeded by Celestine II.