5. a decumana, the Shaddock. Leaves large, with a winged stalk. Flowers very large and white. Fruit usually very large, roundish, pale yellow, smooth, with flat or convex cysts in the rind. Rind white, spongy, very thick ; pulp juicy, sweetish, rather insipid. Shaddocks are among the largest fruits which are known, and are commouly cultivated in both the East and West Indies for the sake of the delicate subacid juicy pulp in which they abound. When they arrive at their greatest size they are called Pompoleons or Pompelmousses ; when at the smallest they form the Forbidden Fruit. of the English markets. Another small variety, with the shaddocka.
growing in clusters, forms a larger tree than any other Citrus ; the fruit is about as large an the fist; it in what the V. est Indians call the Grape-Fruit.
6. C. Lemia, the Sweet Lemon. Leaves like those of the lemon. Flowers red externally. Fruit with the flesh and rind of a lemon, but with the pulp sweet, and the cysts in the rind both convex and concave. There can be uo doubt that this is a mere variety of the next species, from which it only differs in the want of acidity iu the pulp. Many aorta are known in orange countries, of which one, the Cs'ommander's Pear, resembles very much a large BeurrS Pear; their fruit is seldom seen in England.
7. C. Limonana, the True Lemon (Citronnier of the French). Leaves ovate-oblong, usually serruleted, pale green, with a winged stalk. Flowers middle-sized, red externally. Fruit oblong, very uneven, now and then almost round, with a pale-yellow fragrant rind, dotted with concave cysts. Pulp juicy, and very acid. Of this species the cultivators take little pains to distinguish the varieties. When young plants are wanted they are generally raised from seeds in the orange countries, and hence the samples of fruit sent to market consist at all times of numerous sorts, differing very much in quality. Some of them have their rind so thick and insipid that they approach the Citron in quality ; one, with roundish rugged ribbed fruit, is called Vignette upon the Continent, where it is common ; another, with oblong extremely rugged fruit, is ono of the Poncires of the French The moat distinct race is that which comprehends the Perettea or Little ream; they are very small in the fruit, which is a pale greenish-yellow, and has almost the shape of an egg : their rind is more delicately perfumed than that of common lemons.
S. C. medico, tho Citron (Cedrntier of the French, Cedro, Cedrato, of the Italians). Branches short and stiff. Leaves oblong, toothed_ Flowers purple externally. Fruit usually large, warted, and furrowed, with an extremely thick spongy rind, and a imbed,' pulp. This is an exceedingly variable species, chiefly valued for the fragrance of the rind of the fruit, from which a delicato sweetmeat is prepared. The Citron, supposed to be the Median, Assyrian, or Persian apple of tho Greeks, is probably the most beautiful species of the genus. It is described by Risso as having a majestic aspect, shining leaves, and rosy flowers, which are succeeded by fruit whose beauty and size astonish the observer at the same time that their sweet odour gratifies his senses. The trees are constantly in vegetation, the flowers appear even in midwinter, and there is so continual a succes sion of them, that flowers, young fruit, and ripe fruit, may always be seen together at the same moment The Poncire Citrons are eight or nine inches long, and are the largest of the race known in Europe.
In China there is an enormous variety, with its lobes all separating into fingers of different shapes and sizes, whence its name of Fingered Citron. The Chinese esteem it very much, both for its rarity and for the grateful odour of its rind. They place the monstrous fruits upon porcelain dishes, and have them in their apartments to fill the air with fragrance. Those of would study this genus in detail will find excellent figures of above 100 varieties in Itisso's Histoire Naturelle des Orangers.' For the culture, medicinal uses, and com merce of the gentle Citrus, see ORANGE, in ARTS AND Sc. Dtv.