On the right bank of the north arm of the Tiber, which is called the Fiumicino, are the extensive remains of the Portus Trejanus, now Porto, which was founded by Claudius and enlarged by Trojan, so as to be the naval arsenal of Rome. The docks formed by Trojan are a mile and a half in circuit, and there are still remains of large magazines ; and numerous slips for ship-building purposes. Porto was a place of importance under the empire. It gave bishop from the 3rd century. It was taken by the Saracens in the 9th century and soon after abandoned. At the mouth of the Fiumicino is the marine village of Remick°, in which is a lofty square tower surmounted by a beacon to point oat the entrance to the river. The current of the Tiber through the Fiumicino is deep and rapid, and the navigation except by steam tedious. Steamers ply to Rome, and steamangs tow vowels of 200 to 300 tons up to the Ripa Orande. The southern arm of the Tiber, which passes Oak on the site of Osnux, the port of ancient Rome, is Rocca di Fulmars. The delta between the two arms (if it be a delta) is called Isola Sacra, or Holy Island, probably from its being included in the gift of Constantine to the Holy See, or it may be from the church and tomb of St. Hippolitus, bishop of Porto; the tower of the church is still standing. The Fiumicino, it is asserted by some, originated in a cut made by Trojan to his new harbour.
Northward from the Tiber at a short distance is a large shore-late or marsh called Macearese, • little north of which the Arrone, the outlet of Lake Bracciano, enters the sea. The Polidoro is another small stream that falls into the Mediterranean on this coast. A little way north of the mouth of the Polidoro is Dlonterone, on the road between ]tome and Civits Vecchia, where there are tumuli containing Etruscan tombs. But the most interesting place in this region is Ceroderi, a village of about 800 inhabitants, situated on a strip of table-land with perpendicular sides 50 fort high on all aides except the west, which is cut through artificially. This is the site of the ancient Caw, the Agylla of Ilerodotus, and the city of Mezentine. The
village occupies the ground on which the citadel of Caere stood. Tho four gates of the town may still be traced and the roads leading to them. The necropolis of Caere is a hill separated from the town by a small stream ; • great number of Etruscan tombs have been explored in this hill. Many of them are said to be above 3000 years old. The articles found in them are preserved in the antiquarian col lections of Rome. Farther inland on the Arrone is Oalera, which represents the ancient Galeria. It has been long deserted in conse quence of a malaria, and is now in ruins. The lake of Bracciano, which is about 13 miles N.W. from Rome, is nearly circular in form, and 22 miles round. It is surrounded by hill' on all sides except the south, where it borders on the wide unhealthy Campagna. On the south-west shore is the town of Bracciano, which has a large paper factory, a splendid baronial castle built by the Orsini (the finest feudal castle in Italy), and about 2000 inhabitants. The castle of Bracciano now belongs to the Torlonia family. The Lake of Bracciano is the ancient Laces Sabatinua. Its shores seem to have once formed the crater of a volcano, being formed chiefly of lava and scoriae. Between the lake and Baccano are three other craters and two small lakes. The village of Baccano is situated within the lip of a crater on the high road from Viterbo to Rome. A little south of Baccano the traveller gets his first view of Rome. The stream that rises in the crater of Baccano has by some been considered to be the Cremera which flowed past Veii. The site of the citadel of Veii is marked by the tower and hamlet of Isola Parnese, which lies a little east of tho road between Baccano and La Starts, the first post-station out of Rome. The walls and gates of Veil may still be traced. Several valuable relics of antiquity have been found in the tombs of Veil. A Roman municipium was built in imperial times on the site of Veil It was about two miles in circuit, and far within the limits of the old Etruscan city. The hamlet of Isola is gone to decay in consequence of malaria.