IIOMA, CO RCA DI, a province of the Papal state, in which the city of Rome is situated, and which is under the same administrative authorities as the metropolis itself. It consists of the Agro Romano, or territory immediately around Rome, and of the districts of Tivoli, Albano, and Sublime). The province extends on both banks of the Tiber, including Bracciano, Monte Reed, and Monte Sant' Oreste (the ancient Soracte) on the west or right bank of the river, and it extends as far as Magliano on the eastern or left bank, including Palombara, Tivoli, Vicovaro, and the whole valley of the Anio, with Palestrina, Frascati, Albano. Genrano, and Porto d'Anzo and Nettuno on the sea-coast. It is bounded N. by the provinces of Viterbo and Riiti, E. by the kingdom of Naples, S. by the province of Frosiuone and the Medi terranean, and W. by the province of Viterbo. The area is 1699 square miles : the population including the city of Rome in 1850 amounted to 304,266. The chief products are corn, cattle, oil, wine, and fruits.
The surface of the province is diversified in its eastern and ramifications of the Roman and Tuscan sub-Apennines respectively; both district. abound in picturesque scenery. Tho eastern is drained by the Tern-one (ancient Anio) which rises in Monte Tann° near the Neapolitan frontier, and passes Subiaco in a north-west direction. A few miles lower down it turns south-west paining Tivoli, where it makes the renowned cascades, and enters the Tiber on the left bank about two miles north of Rome. The northern and central parts of the province are drained by the Tiber, or Tevere. [PA FAL &ATM) Some smaller streams run directly into the the priocipal o which la the Arrone, the outlet of Lake Bracciano. There are several lakes, the largest of which, namely those of Albano, Itracciarm, and Semi, occupy ancient craters. There are many smaller lakes and some largo marshes on the sea coast. Besides the two billy districts already named the province presents an extensive plain diversified only by the gentle undulations of the Campagna, many parts of which are infested by malaria. The highest points in the Roman sub-Apennines are Monte Guadagnolo, to the south-east of Tivoli, and Monte Genaro (4185 feet above the sea). The latter is supposed to be the Mons Lucretilis of Horace. The Monte San Oreste (ancient Soracte), in the north of the province, is a mass of limestone projecting up from the tufa of the Campagna to the height of 2000 feet above the sea. It is in parts beautifully wooded. On its summit is the
monastery of St. Sylvester, which was founded by Carloman, son of Charles Martel, on the site of a church built here by St. Sylvester before his elevation to the Holy See, in commemoration of the con version of Constantine the Great. Gusts of wind still issue from the fissures on the east side of the mountain as described by Pliny. Mount Soracte fills up the fork between the Tiber and its feeder the Treia, which is formed by the junction of two streams that flow iu ravines and unite their waters between the mountain and the town of Civita Caetellana. They are the Rio Ricans), which is the outlet of the Lake Vice and the most northern of the two; its course is nearly due east : and the Rio Maggiore which also flows east past Sutri and Nepi in the neighbouring province of Viterbo.
In the valley of the Tcverone are the following towns :—Subiaco, the ancient Sublagu,eunt (population 5836), built in a most picturesque situation on a hill on the right bank of the river. It is supposed to occupy the site, or part of the site, of Nero's villa, remains of which still exist. Subiaco has a fine church dedicated to St. Andrew, a papal chateau, and several convents, the most famous of which are those of Santa Scholastica and St. Benedict, both founded in the 5th century. The Teverono forms some cascades below the town. Teem.' (ancient Tibia), celebrated for the cascades of the Anio and for its antiquity, is described in a separate article. A short distauce west of Tivoli is the Lake of Solfatara, the ancient Aqua Albula., whose sulphureous waters are carried by a canal into the Teverone. The waters are of a milky colour and always have a strong smell of sulphur. Their petrifying qualities are continually contracting the area of the lake, which in the time of Father Kircher was a mile in circuit but is now ouly about 500 feet in diameter. There are other smaller lakes of the same character near the Solfatara. North of Tivoli is Vicovaro (the ancient Varia), now a village of about 1000 inhabitants. Between Vicovaro and Monte Genaro is Liccizza (the ancient Digentia), situated on the bright limpid stream immortalised by Horace, of whose villa there remain some scanty memorials. To the west of Licenzs, nearer the Tiber is Palombara, a small town of 2700 inhabitants.