ANTON, COUNT VON DIEBITSCH AND HARDEN, was born on May 13, 1785, at GrosaleIppe in Silesia. His father had been major and aid-de-camp under Frederick the Great in tho Seven Years' war, but subsequently entered the Russian service, and attained the rank of major-general. In 1797 the son entered in the corps of cadets at Berlin, but joined his father in 180]. Ho was attached to the grenadier guards In the Russian service, with which Ito made the campaign of 1805, and was wounded in the hand at the battle of Austerlitz. After tho battle of Friedland ho was promoted to the rank of captain. The peace that ensued gave him leisure to pursue his military studies, and in 1812, on tho invasion of the French, ho was appointed quartermaster-general to corps, and dia• tinguished himself by the recapture of Poloczk, a service of great importance to the army, and for which he was made major.general. In conjunction with general Yorek, who commanded a part of the Prussian army, with whom he had held a secret eorrespoudeace, and whose desertion greatly accelerated the fall of Napoleon, he took Possession of Berlin. After the battle of Lntzen he was sent to join Barclay de Telly's army in Silesia, and commissioned to conclude the secret treaty of Reicheubach between Russia, Austria, Prussia, and England, which was completed on June 14, 1813. He was present at the battle of Dresden, where he had two horses shot under him, and also at that of Lcipziz, when ho was oreated lieutenant-general at the same time with Telly and Paskcwitsch. In 1814 he opposed strongly the hesitation of the allies to march towards Paris, for which, when they met at Montmartre, the Emperor Alexander embraced him, thanked him, and bestowed on him the order of St, Alexander Newaki. • On the return of Bonaparte from Elba he was despatched to Vienna as chief of the imperial staff, with the first division of the army, but he was soon recalled to take the office of adjutant-general, and attached to the person of the emperor. In 1820 he was named chief of the
imperial staff, accompanied Alexander to Taganrog, and caw him die. On his return to St. Petersburg, during the revolt that followed the announcement of Alexander's death, ho displayed the talents of a statesman and of an experienced soldier. Nicolas then sent hint to Constantine at Warsaw, to announce and explain the occurrence at St. Petersburg, and on his finally accepting the crown created him a counts In the war against Turkey, in 1828.9, he gained great reputa tion by his conquest and being raised to the chief com mand in February 1829, he largely increased it by the passage of the Balkan, for which he received his additional titles of Sabalkanski, meaning beyond the Balkan,' and the rank of field-marshal. He advanced to Adrianople, when, by the efforts of the diplomati.ta, the treaty of Adrianople was concluded. This saved his army, which had suffered terribly. Ile next visited Berlin, and it was rumoured with the intention of quitting the Russian service and reentering that of his native country. However, the insurrection of Poland recalled him to head a Russia's army, and he passed the frontiers of that country on January 25, 1831, but his powers were failing. After the sanguinary battle of Ostrolenka he transferred his head-quarters to Kleczewo, near Pultusk, and there he died from an attack of cholera on Juue 9, 1831. His corpse was convoyed to St. Petersburg and iuterred with much pomp, but his heart was deposited in the cathedral church of l'ultuak.