There is here a ferry over the Ouse. Besides the church, which is small, there aro a chapel for Wesleyan Methodists, and Duflield's Charity school. The archbishops of York had a castle at Cawood as early as the 10th century. The castle was demolished by order of the Parliament... Dent, population of the chapelry 1630, about 5 miles S.S.E. from Sedliergh, is a small market-town near the Westmorland border. Considerable quantities of black and gray marble aro quarried, polished, and exported, chiefly to the metropolis. Besides a chapel of ease, there are chapels for Wesleyau and Primitive Methodists, Inde pendents, and Quakers, a Grammar school, and National and infant schools. The making of chairs, shoes, and clogs employs some of the inhabitants. Giggleswick, population of the township 855 in 1851, is on the right bank of the river Ribble, about one mile N.W. from Settle. There are a large and handsome parish church and a Free Grammar school. About a mile north-west from the village is a curious ebbing and flowing well ; the water is clear, cold, and whole some. Gisburn, population of the township 518 in 1851, is about 11 miles W. by S. from Skipton. Cattle fairs are held ou alternate Mondays, and cattle and pedlery fairs on Easter Monday and Sep tember 19th. Harewood, population of the township 895 in 1851, about 3 miles N. from Leeds, is pleasantly situated near the right bank of the river Wharfe. Harewood House, the magnificent seat of the Earl of Harewood, stands in a park a short distance west from the town. On an eminence are the remains of a Norman castle. Besides the parish church there are a chapel for Wesleyan Methodists, and a Free school. Ripley, population of the township 233 iu 1851, is about 25 miles N.N.W. from York. The church is ancient. There is a Free school The chief distinction of the place is the castle of the family of Ingilby, which was built in 1555, and is still the family residence. Monday is the market-day : fairs are held ou Easter Monday and Tuesday, and on the 25th, 26th, and 27th of August, chiefly for cattle, horses, and sheep. Sites-burn, population of the township 1440 in 1351, is about 1G miles S.S.W. from York. In the neighbourhood are stone-quarries, flour-mills, and orchards. Teasel is extensively grown in the vicinity. The parish church, which is ancient, is a hand some and commodious edifice; there are also the Hospital school, a Charity school, and a National school. Snaith, population of the town ship 840 in 1851, is about 23 miles S. by E. from York. The church is of the later English style, with a low square tower surmounted with pinnacles. There is a Free Orammar school. Flax is grown in the vicinity. An extensive steam flour-mill and several windmills are near the town. Basket-making and rope-making employ some of the inhabitants. Sowerby Bridge, population 4365, about 3 miles S.W from Halifax, is of modern origin and growth. The woollen-cloth manufacture employs many of the population. There are several large irou-works, malting-houses, and corn-mills. There are two Episcopal chapels, and one each for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists and Independents; also a Church school, a National school, a school supported by Wesleyan Methodists, and a mechanics iustituta Tick hill, population of the township 2037 in 1851, is situated in a fertile valley, about 7 miles S. from Doucaster. The market-cross is a plain circular stone budding erected in 1776. Rope-making, paper-making, nail-making, and maltiug are carried on. There is a fair in August for cattle and merchandise. Tickhill was a place of importance iu the middle ages. The castle is said to have been erected by Roger de Bush, one of the Norman followers of William the Conqueror, but it several times reverted to the crown. On a pleasant situation at the west end of the town are the remains of an Augustine priory, founded in the reign of Henry III. The parish church, erected in the 13th century, is a very handsome edifice with a noble tower. There are several interesting monuments : au altar-tomb iu the church is of the date of 1336. The Independents and NVesleyan Methodists have large chapels. There is a National school. Wetherby, population of the township 1494 in 1851, is a market-town situated on the left bank of the river Wharfe, about 15 miles W. by S. from York. There is a neat town-hall, built of stone, and containing the public news- and reading-rooms. Over tho Wharfe there is a handsome stone bridge A little above the bridge is a very fine stone weir, by means of which some extensive flour-mills are worked. There are also several oil- and logwood-milla. St. James' church is a handsome edifice, built in 1339. The Wesleyan Methodists and Independents have chapels, and there are National schools and a savings bank. The market, held on Thurs day, is of importance for corn. Fairs are held ou Holy Thursday, August 5th, and October 10th : there are also fortnightly stock fairs, which are well attended. A little below the town is St. Helen's Ford, where the Roman military way crossed the river. The scenery in the vicinity of the town is diversified and beautiful. A. county court is held.
The following are some of the more important villages in the county : the population is that of 1851 ; the letters E., N., and W. after the several places indicate that they are respectively in the East, North, or West Riding: Ad:worth, W., population 1835, about 8 miles E. by S. from Wake field, is chiefly noticeable for the Free school maintained here by the Quakers, for children of members of their society. There are also the Lowther Endowed school and an Infant schooL A ddingham, W., population of the township 1558, about 6 miles E. by S. from Skipton, has au ancient parish church ; places of worship for Wesleyan Method ists and Quakers; and a National schooL Worsted spinning, the making of worsted goods, the cotton manufacture, malting, tanning, and nail-making are carried on. Armley, W., population of the chapelry, which forms part of the borough of Leeda, 6190, is on the right bank of the river Aire, about 2 miles N. by W. from Leeds. It has an extensive woollen manufacture. There are a chapel of ease; chapels for Wesleyan and New Connexion Methodists and Baptista; endowed Towu'a schools; National schools ; and schools connected with the Baptist and Wesleyan Methodist congregations. Tanning, malting, and brewing are carried on. Them are flour-mills, and scribbling and fulling-mills. Flax spinning, and the manufacture of thread and of linen goods, employ some of the inhabitants. The jail and house of correction was erected in 1847, at an expense of 45,500/. Askern, W., a village of some celebrity for its sulphureous waters, is 7 miles N. from Doncaster : population of the township 382. The earliest notice of the Askern waters occurs in a work by Dr. Short, published in 1734. There are several wells, and Dr. Lankeater analysed the waters of six of them. The water contains sulphate and carbonate of lime, and traces of sulphur. A bath charity was established in 1825 for enabling poor persona to avail themselves of the benefit of the wells. The Wesleyan Methodists have a chapel, and there are National schools, partially endowed. A ttereliffe forms part of the borough of [Suzeeiet.n.] Aysgarth, N., population of the township, 253, of the parish, which has an area of 77,303 acres, 5635, about 13 miles S.W. from Richmond, is situated in Wensleydale, on the right bank of the river Ure, which has here a remarkable fall over an irregular ridge of rocks, called Aysgarth Force. A bridge of one arch, 71 feet in span, crosses the river above the Force. Besides the parish church, there is a National schooL A yton, N., population of the parish 1304, about 16 miles N.E. from Northallerton, has a plain old church ; places of worship for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists, Independents, and Quakers; a British school; a Free school; and an Agricultural school, supported by the Quakers. Tanning, shoe-making, the linen mann facture, and nail-making afford employment. Barnoldtwick, W., popu lation of the township 1938, is about 3 miles S.E. from Giaburn.
Besides the parish church, which is ancient, there are a chapel of ease, chapels for Wesleyan sod Primitive Methodists, and Baptists, and a National schooL The cotton manufacture is carried on. An abbey was founded here in the 12th century. Batley. W., population of the township 9308. is about 6 miles N.W. from Wakefield. The parish church is an ancient building, of the perpendicular style. There are places of worship for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists, a Free Grammar school ; a National school ; and a literary institution. The inhabitants are chiefly employed in various branches of the woollen manufacture. Boston, W., population of the township, which forms part of Leeds borough, 1973, about 2 miles S. by W. from Leeds, has an ancient chapel. The neighbouring collieries, and several branches of the woollen manufacture, give employment to many of the inhabit ants. Bentham, W., population of the township 2143, is on the right bank of the river Weaning, close to the Lancashire border. Besides the parish church, there is a Grammar schooL The inhabitants are engaged in the flax manufacture. Birslall, W., population of the pari-h, which is very extensive and contains eight populous townships, 36,222 ; the village is about midway between Leeds and Hudders field. The church is of the perpendicular style; there are chapels for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists, and a National schooL Bishopthorpe, W., population 406, about 8 miles S. by W. from York, has a handsome parish church, which was repaired in 1842 by the late Archbishop Harcourt; the windows are of fine stained glass. The carved chair, for the use of the Archbishop, was constructed from wood saved from York Cathedral when it was partially burned in 182t. There are a chapel for Wesleyan Methodists, and National schools. The palace of the Archbishop of York is a fine gothic structure, much enlarged and somewhat modernised by Archbishop Drummond. The tea-gardens at Biahopthorpe attract numerous visitors from York. Bolton Abbey, W., is a small township in the parish of Skipton, populations of the township 109, beautifully situ ated on the right bank of the Wharfe, 6 miles E.N.E. from Skipton. The place is only noteworthy on account of the beautiful scenery of its immediate neighbourhood, and the picturesque ruins of the abbey, for which it is much visited. A priory is said to have been founded at Embsay in 1124, by William de Meschines and Cicilia, his wife, but removed three years later to Bolton, on the death of their son Romilly, who was drowned in leaping across the Strid in Boltou Park : the story has been celebrated by Wordsworth, Rogers, and some minor poets. Bolton Priory is now the property of the Duke of Devon shire. The ruins are chiefly of the priory church ; they are partly of Norman date. The remains of Barden Tower are on the heights, about 3 miles N.W. from Bolton Abbey. Boston, or Boston Spa, W., about 4 miles N.W. from Tadcaster, on the right bank of the river Wharfs, is visited by invalids, for its chalybeate spring. Commodious baths have been erected, and there are good lodging-houses. Several boarding-schools are in the village and its vicinity. Bowes, N., popu lation of the township 725, is on the left bank of the Greta, 4 miles S.W. from Barnard Castle. Besides the church there is a Free school. There are here remains of an extensive castle of Norman date. Brad field, W., population of the chapelry 6865, about 7 miles N.W. from Sheffield, in the midst of barren moors, has a chapel of ease, a chapel for Wesleyan Methodists, and Endowed schools. Some of the inhabit ants find occupation in preparing cutlery articles for the Sheffield manufacturers. Bramhani, W., population of the township 1318, about 3 miles W. from Tadcaster, is pleasantly situated. The church is an ancient gothic structure, with a western tower; the Wesleyan Methodists have a chapel, and there are National schools, and a supe rior school or college. Lime and freestone are abundant in the district. Ou the south aide of the town is Brambana Moor, a great part of which is still a rabbit warren. Braniley, W., population of the chapelry 8949, near the right bank of the river Aire, about 4 miles N.W. by W. from Leeds, has a chapel of ease ; chapels for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists, and Baptists; National schools, and schools supported by Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists. The woollen manufacture is largely carried on ; also rope-making, tanning, iron fouuding, and malting. Brampton-Bierlcno, W., population of the township 1741, about 6 miles N. by W. from Rotherham, has a National school, originally fouuded as a Free school, iu 1711. Earl Fitzwilliam has here extensive coal-mines and iron-foundries. Brig /10We, W., population of the township 6091, on the left bank of the river Calder, about 4 miles E.S.E. from Halifax, is favourably situated for trade, from its excellent roads to neighbouring towns, the railway, and the Calder navigation. There are here a district church, chapels for Wesleyan and New Connexion Methodists, and a Free school. Worsted spinning, the manufacture of fancy woollen goods and worsted stuffs, the making of cardiug machinery for the manufactories, curry ing, tanning, and malting are carried on. Brompton, N., population of the chapelry 1491, about a mile and a half N. by E. from Northal lerton, has an ancient church of Normau character, and a British school The linen manufacture is the chief occupation. Here was fought the battle of the Standard between the English and the Scotch armies in 1138 ; tho site of the battle-field is still called Standard Hill. Brotherton, W., population of the township 1454, about 3 miles N.E. from Puntefract, has a parish church, which has recently under gone a complete repair; chapels for Wesleyan aud Primitive Method ists, and Independents; and National aud Infant schools. Basket making, boat-building, the manufacture of glass bottles, lime-burning, mean, and rope-, sail-, and twine-making, give some employment. Burley, W., population of the township 1594, about 2 miles W. by N. from Utley, has a chapel of ease, and chapels for Wesleyan Methodists and Independents. Some of the inhabitants are employed in the cotton-manufacture, and in wursted-spiuuing. Cousiderable attention is given by the neighbouring farmers to the rearing of sheep, cattle, and horses. Calverley, W., population of the township of Calverley with Parsley 4892, is on the right bank of the river Aire, about 8 miles N.W. from Leeds. There are here a parish church, a new district church opened in 1843, chapels for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodiits, and National, British, and Town's schools. There are fulling-mills and flour-mills. Carleton, W., population of the chapelry 214, about 2 milea N. by E. from Snaith, is pleasantly situated near the left bank of the river Aire. Besides the parish church, there are chapels for Wesleyau and Primitive Methodists, and Roman Catholics. Castleford, W., population of the township 2150, about 3 miles N.W. from Pontefract, is on the right bank of the river Aire. There are a church, chapels for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists, and an Infant schooL Coal-mines, glass-manufactories, and pottery-works employ a considerable number of workpeople. Over the river Aim is a hand some atone bridge. Catteriek, N., population of the township 640, is about 5 miles S.E. by E. from Richmond, near the right bank of the river Swale. The parish church was erected in the reign of Henry V. There are a Free school founded in 1645, and an hospital for six poor widows. North Cave, E., population of the township 899, about 10 miles W. by S. from Beverley, contains a parish church, places of worship for Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists and Quakers, and Endowed and Free schools. Agricultural implements are manufactured. Cawthorne, W., population of the pariah 1254, is about 4 miles IV. by N. from Barnsley ; it has a parish church, a chapel for Wesleyan Methodists, a Grammar school, and Mrs. Stanhope's Charity school.