LIARVA CHRISTIAN, was born at Breslau in the year 1742. At an early age he lost his father, and he was Indebted for his education to the solicitude of his mother. Ile attended the gymnasium at Breslau, and was designed for the churl*, which however on account of the delicate state of his health, he never entered. In 1760 he attended the high school at Halle for the purpose of studying mathe matics and philosophy, which studies he continued to pursue at the university of Leipzig, when Gellert. 1Veisse, and others were his friend.. He returned to his mother's house at Brealau in 1767, and studied so hard as to Injure his naturally weak constitution, and to bring on a hypochondriacal temperament. On the death of Gellert in 1769, Carve was called to Leipzig to fill the vacant professorship, and he read lectures on pure mathematics and logic ILS long as his declining health would allow, till at last he was obliged to resign his office, and return to his native town, whore he was a private teacher for nearly the remainder of his life. A trans lation of Burke ' On the Sublime and Beautiful,' and of other English works, first made him known to the literary world; and his 'Philosophical Treatises' ('Philoeophische Abhandluugen'), published in 1719, gained him such rcputatloa that Frederick the Great invited him to Charluttenburg and treated him with marked respect. At
the suggeotiou of the king he published an edition of Ciecro's ' Offices,' which appeared In 1783, and, went through four editious. Garve's last years' were passed in great misery. He bore his sufferings with the most exemplary fortitude, and died in 1798.
Carve is one of those writers who were called philosophers before German philosophy had assumed that peculiar character which it bears at present. His treatises are in a popular style, and are on subjects of general and practical interest, such as ' patience under calamity,' the ' advantages of a moral life,' and so on. Garve trans lated the 'Politilc," Ethics,' and 'Rhetorio ' of Aristotle into German ; these trsoslatioas, though not without their merits, by no means present a faithful counterpart of the originals.