Oracle
Oracle (from The Latin Oraculum, And That From Os, Or-is, A Mouth). Oracle( Was The Roman Name Used To Denote The Place Where Answers Were Supposed To Be Given By Any Of The Divinities To Those Who Consulted Them Respecting The Future. Sometimes Also It Was Used To Signify The ...
Orange
Orange, The Ancient Arausio, An Ill-built Town, With A Tribunal Of First Instance And A College, Is Situated In The French Department Of Vaucluse, Near The Left Bank Of The Rhone, Iu A Beautiful Plain Watered By The Aigue And Several Other Small Streams, In 44° 8' N. Lat., 4° ...
Orange
Orange. In The Article Crrsus, In Nat. His?. Div., The Different Species Of This Genus Have Been Described, As Well As The More Remark Able Varieties Of The Orange. Being A Native Of Warm Southern Latitudes, The Orange Is A Remarkable Instance Of A Fruit Which Gives Employment And Forms ...
Orator10
Orato'r10 (ital.), A Sacred Musical Composition, Consisting Of Airs, Duets, &c., And Chortissa. The Text Is Generally A Dramatic Poem, As Ifandefs ' Samson,' And Cimarosa's ' S.aerifizio D'abmmo.' Sometimes It Takes The Form Of A Narrative, As ' Israel In Egypt ;' And Occasionally It Is Of A Mixed ...
Oratory
Oratory. The Principal Design Of Oratory Is To Convince Or Persuade. It Contemplates The Investigation Of Truth Only As A Secondary Object. Assuming As Its Basis Certain Supposed Or Admitted Principles Or Facts, Its Aim Is, By Presenting These In The Form Best Adapted To Win The Assent Of The ...
Orbit Orb
Orb, Orbit. The Word Orbis Signifies The Circumference Of A Circle Or Of Any Round Body ; Orbs Among The Ancient Astronomers Meant The Vast Crystal Spheres In Which The Heavenly Bodies Were Supposed To Be Placed, And With Which They Revolved; Hence Orb Came To Be Used For A ...
Orchard
Orchard. Apples, Pears, Plums, And Cherries Are The Fruits Principally Cultivated In Orchards. The Term Orchard Is Likewise Used To Signify Enclosures In Which Filberts Or Walnuts Are Grown : The Word Yard Is Commonly Used For Similar Spaces Appropriated To The Produc Tion Of Figs And Grapes. Orchards Of ...
Orchestra
Orchestra (gr. Opxhatpa, Which Contains The Same Element As The Verb Opxeicreal," To Dance "), That Part Of The Greek Theatre In Which The Chorus Was Situated—where The Dances Were Performed. [theatre.] With The Moderns, The Orchestra Is The Place In The Theatre Allotted To The Instrumental Band, And That ...
Orcin
Orcin 2aq.) .alphaorcin. It Has Already Been Stated [lichens, Colouring Matters Of] That This Peculiar Crystalline Principle Exists To A Small Extent Iu The Free State In Many Of The Lichens. It Is Largely Produced, However, When Lichens Are Exposed To The Joint Influence Of Heat And Alkalies, Conditions That ...
Ordeal
Ordeal, From The Anglo-saxon Orehrt Spelman Derives This Word From Or, ' Magnum," And Dad, " Judieium," Which Is Also The Derivation Given By Ducange. Lye And Bosworth Derive It From Or, Privative,'' Without," And D Tl," Difference," An Indifferent Or Impartial Judgment, A Judgment Without Distinction Of Persona. The ...
Order Of The Thistle
Thistle, Order Of The, An Ancient Scottish Order Of Knight Hood, Sometimes Called The Order Of St. Andrew. The Claim To A High Antiquity Rests On No Other Authority Than The Legendary Account Recited In The Warrant For The Restitution Of The Order In 1637, And Given Most Minutely By ...
Ordination
Ordination, The Ceremony By Which Holy Orders Are Conferred, Or By Which A Person Is Initiated Into The Ministry Of Religion, Or Set Apart For Preaching, Administering The Sacraments, And Discharging Other Ecclesiastical Rites And Duties, Public Or Private. In The Church Of England, A Candidate Must Be Twenty-three Years ...
Ordnance
Ordnance, A General Term Applied To The Great Artillery (guns, Carronades, Howitzers, And Mortars) Which Is Used In War, On Land Or At Sea ; The Name Being Probably Derived From The Compagnies D'ordon Nance, Or Francs Archers, Instituted In 1448 By Charles Vii. Of France. The Wars Between The ...
Oregon
Oregon, A Territory Of The United States Of North America, Lies Between 42' And 46' Bat, 110' And 125' W. Long. It Is Bounded E. By The Rocky Mountains, Which Separate It From The Territory Of Nebraska ; N. By The Territory Of Washington ; W. By The Pacific Ocean ...
Oren Burg
Oren Burg, A Government Of Russia, Partly In Asia And Partly In Europe, Is Situated Between 47' And 56' N. Lat., 50' 20' And 64 20' I:. Long., And Is Bounded N. By The Government Of Perm, N.w. By Waal' ; W. By Cason, Simbirsk, Seratov, And Astrakhan; E. And ...
Organ
Organ A/never, Gr., 6rganum, Lat., An Instrument), The Noblest Of Musical Instruments, Whether Considered In Regard To The Grandeur And Beauty Of Its Sounds, The Variety Of Its Powers, Or The Sacral Pur Poses To Which It Is Usually Dedicated. It Consists Of A Vast Number Of Metallic And Wooden ...
Organ On
Organ On. [in Tho Article Lome We Have Explained Our Reasons For Allowing This Article, From The Pen Of The Editor Of The ' Penny Cyclopedia,' To Remain Without Any Attempt To Bring It Into Connection With The New Matter Of The Present Work. To It Is Added The Article ...
Organic Analysis
Organic Analysis Is The Generic Term For A Great Number Of Chemical And Physical Operations, That Have For Their Object The Ascer Taining Of The Composition And Constitution Of All Matter That Has Been Formed Under The Influences Existing In Animal And Vegetable Life. It Also, Of Course, Includes The ...
Organic Bases
Organic Bases. Under The Definition Of The Term Base, The Organic Bases—or The Bases Derived From Animals And Vegetables—have Been Alluded To. The Source, Preparation, Properties, &c., Of These Nature Bases Or Alkaloids Are Detailed Under Their Respective Names, [cinchona, Alkaloids Of; Con1ne; Nicotine; Nux Voiiica, Alka Loids Of; Opium, ...
Organic C031pounds
Organic C031pounds, Artificial Production Of. Under 0110anro Chemistry Allusion Is Made To The Production Of Urea, Acetic Acid, And Methyl (three Essentially Organic Compounds), By Purely Artificial Methods, And Without Any Assistance, Direct Or Indirect, From Vital Action. The Recent Ingenious Researches Of M. Berthclot Have Greatly Extended This Branch ...
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry. The Science Of Chemistry Is Generally Studied Under Two Distinct Heads Or Divisions, Namely, First The Chemistry Of Inorganic Or Mineral Matters, And The Numerous Substances Derived From Them By Artificial Processes ; And Secondly, The Chemistry Of Compounds Obtained Either Directly Or Indirectly From Organised Beings, Vegetable ...
Organic Radicals
Organic Radicals. The Large Number Of Simple Atoms Which Generally Go To Form An Organic Substance Are Not Bound Together Into One Homogeneous Compound, But Are To A Great Extent Arranged In Groups, Each Group Playing The Part Of A Simple Or Elementary Body. Such Groups Performing This Function Are ...
Oriel
Oriel. The Origin Of This Term Is Uncertain ; Its Use Is, However, Thoroughly Established, And The Meaning Now Affixed To It Is Sufficiently Clear And Precise. It Is Applied To That Particular Kind Of Bay-window Which Is Made To Project From The Upper Story Of A Building. The Distinction ...
Origin And Antiquity
Origin And Antiquity Or Parliaaient. The Origiu Of Any Ancient Institution Must Be Difficult To Trace, When In The Course Of Time It Has Undergone Great Changes ; And Few Subjects Have Afforded To Antiquaries More Cause For Learned Research And Ingenious Conjecture Than The Growth Of Our Parliament Into ...
Orinoco
Orinoco, A Lerge River Of South America, Which Has Its Origin, According To The Most Recent Information, Not In The Centre, But On The Southern Declivity Of The Eastern Part Of The Mountain System Called L'arime. These Mountains Spread Over A Groat Part Of The Eastern Portion Of The Republic ...
Orion
Ori'on (constellation). We Have Already Noted The Appearance Which The Greek Astro-mythological System Has Of Being An Application Of Existing Fables To A Subdivision Of The Stars Derived From The East, Mixed Perhaps With The Oriental Allegories, Imperfectly Understood. The Trivial Character Of The Myths By Which The Great Bear ...
Orkney Islands
Orkney Islands, Scotland, A Group Of Islands Lying To The North Of The North-eastern Extremity Of Scotland, Between 53° 44' And 59' 21' N. Lat., 2° 23' And 3' 24' W. Long. They Arc Separated From The Mainland By The Pentland Frith, Which Is About 7 Miles Wide At Its ...
Orlando Di Lasso
Lasso, Orlando Di, Or Orlandus Lessus, A Very Distinguished Name In Musical History, Was Born In 1520, At Mona In Flanders, But, Eays Thuanue, Was, On Account Of His Fine Voice, Forced Away While A Boy By Ferdinand Gonzago, And Detained By Him In Sicily And In Italy. Afterwards, Being ...
Orlando Gibbons
Gibbons, Orlando, Who Was Not Only "one Of The Rarest Musi Cians Of Time," As Anthony Wood Styles Him, But One Of The Finest Geniuses That Ever Lived, Was Born At Cambridge In ]583. At The Age Of Twenty-one He Became Organist Of The Chapel-royal. In 1622 He Was Honoured, ...
Orleans
Orleans, A City In France, Capital Of The Department Of Loiret, Is Situated On The Right Bank Of The Loire, 76 Miles By Railway S. By W. From Paris, 70 N.e. From Tours, In 47' 54' 9' N. Lat., 1' 55' 48" E. Long., At An Elevation Of 991 Feet ...
Orne
Orne, A Department In The North Of France, Is Bounded N. By The Department Of Calvados, E. By Those Of Eure And Eure-et-loir, S. By Those Of Sarthe And And W. By That Of Manche. It Lies Between 43' 12' And 43' S8' N. Lat., 1' 0' E. And 0° ...
Orphica
O'rphica, Certain Works Falsely Ascribed To Orpheus, Which Em Bodied The Opinions Of A Class Of Persons Whom Muller Thus Describes "these Were The Followers Of Orpheus (of 'opoteol); That Is To Say, Associations Of Persons Who, Under The Guidance Of The Ancient Mystical Poet Orpheus, Dedicated Themselves To The ...
Orrery
Orrery. There Are Four Planetary Machines To Which Distinct Name Have Been Given, Corresponding To The Phenomena They Are Intended To Exhibit, And Which, When Combined So As To Derive Their Motions From A Common Origin, Constitute What Is Now Generally Understood By An Orrery. These Machines Are The Planetarium, ...
Orthographic Ster Eoc Rapitic
Gnomonic; Globular; Orthogonal, Orthographic Ster Eoc Rapitic ; &c. The Present Article Is Merely Intended To Point Out The General Principle Of All Projections, And Also To Note The Theoretical Importance Of The Subject. Imagine A Surface Of Any Kind, Through Every Point Of Which Passes A Curve The Character ...
Orthography
Orthography. When This Word Is Looked At In Its Elements (two Greek Words Denoting The Art Of Writing And Correctness), It Would Seem That There Ought To Be Included Under It Whatever Belongs To The Art Of Writing A Language Correctly, Including Both What Is Called Ety Mology And Syntax. ...
Oryza
Oryza, The Name By Which Rice Was Known To The Greeks And Romans, And Which Has Been Adopted By Botanists As The Generic Name Of The Plant Yielding That Valuable Grain. [orirza, In Nat. Hist. Div.] The Rice Plant Is Nndoubtedly A Native Of India, From Which Country It Has ...
Oscillation
Oscillation And Centre Of Oscillation. When Any System Is Slightly Disturbed From Its Position Of Equilibrium, It Either Falls Altogether Or Endeavours To Recover The Position Which It Lost. In The Latter Case The Equilibrium Is Said To Be Stable, And In The Former Unstable. A Pendulum Banging Downwards Is ...
Osiris
Osi'ris, One Of The Principal Egyptian Deities, Was The Brother Of Isis And The Father Of Orus [isis ; Oxus), And Is Said By Many Writers To Have Been The First King Of Egypt. His History Is Given In The First Book Of Diodorus, And In The Treatise Of Plutarch, ...
Osmium
Osmium (os). From Ocrpu, Odour, In Allusion To The Smell Of Osmic Acid. This Metal Was Discovered By Mr. Smithson Tennant In The Year 1803, In The Grains Of Native Platinum [pistarsum], Along With Another Metal [iridium]. This Compound, Called °amide Of Iridium, Occurs In Flat Grains And Hexagonal Crystals. ...
Osmose
Osmose. The Phenomena Of Liquid Diffusion [diffusion] Become More Complicated When The Two Liquids Are Separated By Means Of A Porous Diaphragm, Because In Such Case There Is Adhesion Between The Liquids And The Material Of The Diaphragm : Nevertheless The Liquids Will Mingle Together In Opposition To Gravity. For ...
Osnabruck
Osnabruck (generally Written Osnaburg In English) Is A Province Of The Kingdom Of Hanover. It Is Divided Into The Following Parts :— The Principality Of Osnabruck, 9031 Square Miles ; The Lower County Of Liugen, 1261 Square Miles; The Circles Of Meppen And Emsbuhren, 693 Square Miles; And The County ...
Ossification
Ossification Is The Formation Of Bone. This Process Occurs Natu Rally In The Formation Of The Skeleton Of Man And The Higher Animals. [bore, Nat. Div.] It Also Occurs In The Reproduction Of New Bone After The Destruction Or Loss Of Old Bones. [fitacrenta] Ossification Occurs As An Unnatural Or ...
Ostende
Ostende, A Fortified Town And Sea-port Of Belgium, In The Province Of West Flanders, Is Situated In 51° 14' N. Lat., 55' E. Long., 12 Miles W. From Bruges, 88 Miles By Railway Through Bruges, Ghent, And Malines W. By N. From Brussels, And Contains About 15,000 Inhabitants. The Town ...
Ostium Tibfriin1ji Ostia
Ostia, Ostium Tibf:riin1ji, The Name Of The Former Port Of Rome, Situated At The Southern Mouth Of Thy Tiber, Is 16 Miles From The Capital. The Ancient Town Of Ostia, Which Was Situated Below The Fork Of The River, Spread In A Semicircular Form Along A Bend Made By The ...
Or Waltham Holy Cross
Waltham Abbey, Or Waltham Holy Cross, Essex, A Market-town, In The Perish Of Waltham Abbey, Is Situated On The River Lea, Which Is Here Separated Into Several Channels, Some Of Which Flow Through The Town, In 51° 41' N. Lat., 0° 1' W. Long., Distant 13 Miles N. By E. ...
Or Water Plants Aquatic
Aquatic Plants, Or Water Plants, Are Those Plants Which Live Entirely In Water, Or Which Require A Preponderating Quantity Of Water As The Medium Of Their Existence. The Families Of Plants, Like The Families Of Animals That Live In The Water, Are Found To Belong To All Classes Into Which ...
Or Welsiipool Pool
Pool, Or Welsiipool, Montgomeryshire, A Market-town, And Municipal And Parliamentary Borough, In The Parish Of Pool, And Con Lointly With Montgomery The Seat Of A Poor-law Union, Is Sitnated In A Hollow Near The Left Bank Of The River Severn, In 52' 39' N. Let., 3* 8' W. Long., 10 ...
Or Witebsk Vitepsk
Vitepsk, Or Witebsk, A Government In The North-west Of Euro Pean Russia, Which, With The Government Of Mohilcv, Forms The Part Of Poland That Fell To Russia At The First Partition Of That Country Iu 1772. Catherine Ii. Divided It Into Two Governments, Which She United In 1796 Under The ...
Or Woronesc1t Voronetz
Voronetz, Or Woronesc1t, A Government Of Russia In Europe, Is Situated Between 48° 35' And 52° 50' N. 1st., 37° 45' And 43° E. Long. It Is Bounded N. By Tambov, N.b. By Saratov, E. And S.e. By The Country Of The Don Cossaks, S.w. By Ekaterinoslav, And W. By ...
Or Zidon Sidon
Sidon, Or Zidon, The Most Ancient, And For A Long Time The Chief City Of Plicen10e, And Probably The Mother City Of Tyre, Which Is Called In The Bible "the Daughter Of Sidon." It Stood On The Coast Of The Mediterranean, In A Plain About A Mile Broad, About 30 ...