PROVINZ ; EIFEL.] The chief town, Trier, is described in a separate article. [TRIER.] Among the other towns are—Merzig, S. of Treves, on the Saar, popu lation 4000; Ottweiler, S.E. of Treves, near the Bavarian frontier, population 2500; P [EIFEL].
Saarbrack, or Sarrebruck, is situated on the navigable river Saar, over which there is a stone bridge connecting the town with the suburb of St. John. It is a neat pleasant town, and the houses are all built of stone. It has a gymnasium; a Lutheran, n Calvinist, and a Roman Catholic church ; and a synagogue. In this town are the court of justice for• the circles of Saarbrtick, Saarlouis, Ottweiler, and St. Wendel ; a mining-office, a custom-house, and other public offices. The inhabitants, who number about 9000, have manufactures of woollens, linens, tobacco, iron-wire, porcelain, &a. They have also breweries, tanneries, and alum-works, and carry on a thriving trade by means of the river, especially in coals and timber.
Saarlouis, called during the French revolution Saar-libre, is the extreme fortress of Prussia on the frontier next to Frauee. It is situated in a plain on the left bank of the Saar, in the government of Trier, in the Rhein-Provinz. Including the garrison, the population is about 7000. The inhabitants manufacture iron and steel wire, hardwares, fire-arms, and leather. In the neighbourhood there are mines of iron and lead. Saarlouis is the seat of various public offices, has a gymnasium, one Protestant and two Roman Catholic churches, a synagogue, an hospital, an nrsenal, and two barracks. The fortress was erected by Vauban in 1680 to defend Lorraine. By the treaty of Ryseriek, in 1697, France was left in possession of it. By the treaty of Paris (1815), France was obliged to cede Saarlonie, with three other fortresses, to the allied powers, who assigned it, with the two banks of the Saar above Sitarbriiek, to Prussia.