Sarniatia
Sarnia!tia Was The Name Given By The Romans To All The Country In Europe And Asia Between The Vistula And The Caspian. It Was Bounded S. By The Euxine And Mount Caucasus, And Was Divided By The Tanais Into Sarmatia Europma And Sarmatia Asiatica. The People Inhabiting This Country Were ...
Sarthe
Sarthe; This Last-named River Rises Near Sees, And Runs For Some Way Along The Southern Boundary. There Is A Great Number Of Ponds In The Department And Several Mineral Springs, Of Which That At Bagnoks, 10 Mile, From Doinfrout, Is Famous For The Cure Of Skin-diseases And Of Rheumatism. The ...
Sartre
Sartre, A Department In France, Taking Its Name From One Of The Streams By Which It Is Watered, The Sarthe, An Affluent Of The Mayenne, Is Bounded N. By Orne ; E. By The Departments Of Eure-et-loir And Loir-et-cher ; S. By Indre-et-loire And Maine-et-loire ; And W. By Mayenne. ...
Sassafras
Sassafras, Medical Properties Of. The Tree Which Yields This Substance Is The Sassafras Officinale (nees) (laurus Sassafras, Lin.) ; A Native Of North America, Occurring From Canada To Florida. It Is Said To Grow In Mexico, And Martius Mentions It As A Part Of The Materia Medical Of Brazil ; ...
Satellites Of Uranus
Uranus, Satellites Of. In The Beginning Of The Year 1787 Sir William Herschel Discovered Two Satellites Around Uranus. Having Made A Series Of Careful Observations Of Their Position With Respect To The Primary, He Next Proceeded To Determine The Elements Of Their Orbits. The Results Of This Investigation Are Contained ...
Satire
Satire Is Properly A Species Of Roman Poetry, And Must Not' Des Confounded With The Satyric Drama Of The Greeks. The Latin Word Satura Or Satire Appears To Have Originally Signified A Collection Of Various Things, And Accordingly This Name Is Applied To Food Composed Of Various Ingredients, And Also ...
Satisfaction
Satisfaction (in Law), Is Said To Exist Where A Party, Having A Right Of Action, Accepts From The Party Against Whom He Has It, A. Certain And Valuable Thing, Or The Performance Of A Certain And Bene Ficial Act, In Lieu Of His Right Of Action. If The Action Is ...
Satrap
Satrap (warpartn) Was The Name Given To The Governor Of A Pro Viuee Of The L'ersian Empire. He Was Appointed By The King, And Was Responsible Alone To Him. Such A System Of Government Has Always Existed In The Largo Asiatic Empires; But The Advantage Which The Persian System Had ...
Saturation
Saturation, A Term Applied In Chemistry To Denote Two Widely Different Phenomena : Namely, First To The Solution Of The Greatest Possible Quantity Of Any Substance In A Liquid Medium ; And, Secondly, To The Neutralisation Of A Base By An Acid Or Of An Acid By A Base. When ...
Saturn
Saturn. The Name Of One Of The Old Planets, The Largest Of All The Bodies Of The Solar System, Except The Sun And Jupiter. It Is Encompassed By Three Rings, Unconnected With The Planet, But Revolv Ing Around It. It Is Also Accompanied By Eight Satellites. The Apparent Semi-diameter Of ...
Saturnalia
Saturnalia, A Festival Celebrated By The Romans In Honour Of The God Saturnus. Elinonos.) According To Some Traditions, It Had Been Celebrated By The Aborigines Long Before The Building Of The City, And Was Instituted By The Fabulous King Janus, After The Disappearance Of Saturnus From The Earth. Others Said ...
Satyr
Satyr (satyrus, Larupos) Is The Name By Which The Ancients Desig Nated A Class Of Rustic Deities, Or Dionysii. Like The Panes And Fauni, They Were A Kind Of Intermediate Beings Between Men And Animals, And Lo Features Which They Had In Common With The Latter Were Chiefly Derived From ...
Savings Banks
Savings Banks Are Institutions Of Modern Invention, Established In This Country To Encourage Habits Of Prudence On The Part Of The Poorer Classes, Who Were Previously Without Auy Places Where They Could Safely And Profitably Deposit The Small Sums Which They Might Be Able To Set Aside From Their Earnings. ...
Savona
Savo'na, An Administrative Division, Province, And Town Of The Sardinian States. The Administrative Division Couteins The Provinces Of Acqui, Albenga, And Savona. The Province Of Acqui, Which Lies North Of The Ligurian Apennines, Was Formerly Included In The Administrative Division Of Aleasandia. It Is Described In A Separate Article. [acqus] ...
Savoy
Savoy (sarnia In Italian, Savoie In French), A Country With Th Title Of Duchy, Which Belongs To The Sardinian Monarchy. It Form Part Of The Highlands Of The Alps, And Is Geographically United T South-western Switzerland, Being Included In The Basin Of The Risen( Savoy Extenda From 45° 4' To ...
Saw And Saw 3111l
Saw And Saw-3111.l. The Division Of Wood By Riving Or Splitting Was Probably The Most Ancient Method Of Reducing It To Pieces Of Convenient Size And Shape. If The Grain Of Timber Were Straight, This Plan Would Have The Advantage Of Economy ; But As It In Not So In ...
Saxe Altenburg
Saxe-altenburg, • Small Duchy On The Northern Frontiers Of The Thuringian Forest, Consists Of Two Principal Divisions; The Eastern Along The Banks Of The Plebes, And The Western, Which Is Traversed By The Saele. The Two Parts Are Separated By The Princi Pality Of Gem, Which Forma Part Of The ...
Saxe Coburg Gotha
Saxe-coburg-gotha, A Duchy In The Southern Part Of Thuringia, Is Composed Of Two Urge And Various Smaller Detached Which Are Surrounded By The Territories Of Prussia, Schwarz Berg, Sonderhausen, Weimar, Electoral Ileme, Meiningen, And Bavaria. The Principality Of Coburg Liesbetween 50' 8' And 50' 23' N. Lat., 10' 49' And ...
Saxe Weimar Eisenach
Saxe-weimar-eisenach, A Grand-duchy On The Northern Fron Tiers Of The Thuringian Forest, Consists Of The Principalities Of Weimar And Eisenach, Which Are Separated By Saxe-gotha, And Of The Insulated District Of Nenstadt, Besides Various Detached Portions. Weimar Lies Along The Banks Of The Seale, And Eisenach On Those Of The ...
Saxi 3iein1n0 En Iii Ldburghausen
Saxi:-3iein1n0 En-iii Ldburghausen, Is A Dnchy Composed Of The Ancient Dnchy Of Meiulngen, The Principalities Of Hildburghauscn And Saalfeld, And Some Smaller Districts, Forming • Compact Territory, Extending In A Semicircle Along The Banks Of The Werra, And Skirted By The Chain Of The Thuringian Forest. It Lies Between 50' ...
Saxon Architecture
Saxon Architecture. Until Recently, All Those Old English Churches Of Which The Doors And Windows Had Semicircular Arches,wero Usually Termed Saxon. More Careful Study Of Our Architecturalfanti Quities Showed That These Were For The Most Part Of Norman Date; And It Was Then By Many Somewhat Hastily Assumed To Be ...
Saxon Language And Literature
Saxon Language And Literature. The Terms Saxon And Anglo-saxon Are Popularly Used To Designate That Dialect Of Our Language Which Prevailed To The Close Of The 12th Century. • The Use Of These Terms Is, However, Comparatively Modern, And The Men Who Spoke This Dialect Always Called It The English. ...
Saxons
Saxons Is The Name Of A Branch Of The German Nation. Their Name Is Derived By Some From That Of The Sates On The Indus, By Others From Sex, A Weapon, Probably Of The Nature Of A Stone Axe, And By Others It Is Traced To The Work Sasses, That ...
Saxony
Saxony, A Province In The Kingdom Of Prussia, Situated Between 60° 30' And 53° N. Lat., 9° 50' And 13° 50' E. Long., Is Bounded N. And N.e. By The Province Of Brandenburg; S.w. By The Kingdom Of Saxony ; S. By Gotha, Reuss, Weimar, And Hesse Cassel; And W. ...
Scaffolding
Scaffolding. A Temporary Wooden Structure, By Means Of Which The Workmen Employed In Erecting The Framework Of A Building Are Enabled To Place The Various Materials In Their Definitive Positions. Scaffoldings Are Either Supported Wholly, Or In Part, By The Buildings To Which They Are Attached ; Or They Are ...
Scagliola
Scagliola (from The Italian Scaglia, A Scale Or Shell) Is An In Crustation Of Artificial Composition Which Is Applied To Columns, And Produces The Most Perfect Imitation Of Marble, From Which It Can Hardly Be Distinguished Either By The Eye Or The Touch, As It Takes An Equally High Polish ...
Scald
Scald, Properly Ska'lld, Is An Ancient Scandinavian Word Which Signifies Poet, As Skaldmar Or Skilldkona Signifies A Poetess. The Name Is, Therefore, Sometimes Applied To The Scandinavian Poets In General ; But It Belonged More Especially To That Class Of Poets Who Celebrated In Their Songs The Exploits Of Heroes. ...
Scale
Scale (mathematics). A Scale Is Any Line Drawn Upon Wood Or Other Solid Substance, And Divided Into Parts, Equal Or Unequal, The Lengths Of Which May Be Taken Off By The Compasses, And Transferred To Paper, In Aid Of Any Geometrical Construction. The Manner In Which The Scale Is Divided ...
Scammony
Scammony, Properly So Called, Is, In The Present Day, The Produce Of Conrolrulus Scammonia, A Plant Growing In Greece And The Countries Along The Levant. The Scammony Of The Ancients Was In All Proba Bility Yielded By C. Sagitlifolius (sibthorp), C. Sibilscepii (romeretsch), From Which It Is Conjectured That The ...
Scandal
Scandal (scandalum Magnatum, Slander Of Great Men). By The Statute 2 It. Ii., C. 5, Confirmed 12 It. Ii., C. 11, As To " Devisers Of False News And Tellers Of Horrible And False Lies Of Prelates, &c.," It Was Enacted That None Devise Or Speak False News, Lies, Or ...
Scandinavian Literature
Scandinavian Literature. The Ancient Scandinavian Language, Once Common To The Whole North-western Portion Of Europe Beyond The Baltic, Is Now Confined To Iceland, Where It Has Undergone Little Change Since The 9th Century. [iceland, In Geoo. Div.] This Dialect Of The Gothic Is The Parent Stock Of Both Swedish And ...
Scandinavian Mythology
Scandinavian Mythology. The Genuine And Older Scan Dinavian Mythology, Which, In Regard To Wild Imagination, Sublime Con Ceptions, A Rough Vigour, And A Naive Simplicity Sometimes Approaching The Ludicrous, Will Hear Comparison With Those Of The Hindus, The Greeks, Or Romans; And Which, From The Extensive Influence It Has Exercised ...
Scarborough
Scarborough, North Riding Of Yorkshire, A Market-town And Sea-port, A Municipal And Parliamentary Borough, And The Seat Of A Poor-law Union, Is Situated On The Shore Of The German Ocean, In 54' 17' N. Lat., 0° 22' W. Long., Distant 40 Miles N.e. From York, 217 Miles N. From London ...
Scarfing
Scarfing, The Mode Of Joining Two Pieces Of Timber End To End, In Such A Manner That They May Appear But One, And Cannot Be Pulled Asunder By A Force Applied In The Direction Of Their Length, Without Breaking Otr Part Of The Wood At The Joint. Other Modes Of ...
Scarlatina
Scarlatina (originally Written Scarlattina, From Scarlatts, A Red-coloured Cloth), Scarlet Fever. This Disease Was Not Distinguished By The Ancients From Any Of The Other Eruptive Fevers; They Contented Themselves With Classing Together All These Fevers As Pestilential, And They Attributed The Variety Of Eruptions That Accompanied Them To Different Combinations ...
Sceptic 1
Sceptic (1 One Who Doubts, Who Deliberates, Who Cir Cumspecta. Such Is The Primary Meaning Of The Word, But Like Most Words It Has Been Wrested From Its Primary Signification By Ignorance Or Prejudice, And Is Now, Beyond Its Philosophical Meaning, Used To Express A Dissenter From An Established Religion. ...
Scepticism
Scepticism (1e6pir), Doubt, Deliberation, Circumspection. There Are Two Significations To This Word : The One Denoting Doubt Of An Explanation Of Phenomena ; The Other The More Precise Indication Of A Certain Class Of Philosophers Who Have Continued Sceptics, Whose System Of Thought In Its Fundamental Points Ever Remained Sceptical. ...
Schaffhausen
Schaffhausen, Ono Of The Swiss Cantons, Is Bounded N., E., And W. By The Grand-duchy Of Baden, Aud S. By The Cantons Of Thurgau And Zurich, From Which It Is Separated By The Rhine. It Is One Of The Smallest Cantons Of Switzerland. The Area Is Ouly 115 Square Miles ...
Schismatics Schism
Schism, Schismatics. The Greek Word Schism (ax(erp.a) Is Used Several Times In The New Testament In Its Literal Sense Of A Rent Or Rupture In One And The Same Object (matt., Ix. 16; Xxvii. 51 ; Mark, I. 10 ; Ii. 21; Luke, V. 36; Xxiii. 45 ; John, Xix. ...
Schlfswig
Schlfswig (slesscig), Sometimes Called South Jutland, Is A Duchy Belonging To Denmark, Situated Between 54' 20' And 55° 20' N. Let, 8' 40 And 10' 5' E. Long. It Is Bounded N. By Jutland, E. By The Little Belt, S. By Holstein, From Which It Is Divided By The River ...
Schools
Schools. The True Theory Of Education Can Only Be Developed By Considering What The Being Is On Whom It Is Designed To Operate. Educa Tion Is, According To Its Etymology, The Leading Out Or Unfolding Of The Human Powers. It Is Obviously Therefore A Means For A Certain Purpose. To ...
Schwarzburg
Schwarzburg Is A German Principality Consisting Of Two Con Siderable Portions Detached From Each Other, Of Which The Southern Most In Called The Upper County (ober-herrschaft), And The Northernmost The Lower County (unter-herrschaft). The Upper County (which Has An Area Of 423 Square Miles) Lies On The North Side Of ...
Schwyz
Schwyz, A Swiss Canton, Which Has Given Its Name To All Switzer Land. It Is The Wealthiest And Most Populous Of The Forest Cantons (schwyz, Uri, And Unterwalden), Which Were The First To Assert Their Independence In January 1308, And To Form A Confederacy, Which Repulsed The Force Of The ...
Science
Science. The Word Scientla, In Real Latin, Simply Means Know Ledge, And We Must Attribute The Subsequent Application Of The Word To Particular Kinds Of Knowledge, To Causes Similar To Those Which Have Influenced The Use Of The Equally General Term Mathematics. It Does Not Appear That In The Earlier ...
Science Of War
War, Science Of. The Science Of War Has Been Divided By Military Writers Into Strategy And Tactics, And Sometimes Into Grand And Elementary Tactics. Under Stil1teoy And Tactics We Hare Defined What Are The Limits Of Those Divisions, And Given The General Principles Which Govern Atrategio Operations; As Also Some ...
Scilly Islands
Scilly Islands, A Group Of Islands About 30 Miles W. By S. From The Land's Eud In Cornwall, Lying Between 49° 51' And 50° N. Lat., 6° 11' And 6° 30' W. Long. The Aggregate Area Is 3560 Acres. The Population In 1851 Was 2627. The Group Forms One Parish, ...
Scioptic Ball
Scioptic Ball Is A Globe Of Wood About 5 Inches Diameter, With A Cylindrical Perforation 2i Inches Diameter Passing Centrally Through It, And Having At One Extremity Of The Perforation A Glass Lens The Globe Or Ball Is, By Means Of Screws, Fixed In A Socket, Which Is Made In ...