STETTIN, one of the three governments of the Prussian province of Pomerania, is bounded N. by the government of Stralsund and the Baltic; E. by the government of Csialin ; S. by Brandenburg; and W. by Mecklenburg. The area is about 5012 square miles. Tho population at the end of 1849 was 562,127. The surface is level. It belongs almost entirely to the basin of the Oder, which river falls Into the StettinersHaff, a wide salt-lake that communicates with the Baltic by three narrow channels. The principal of these channels is the Swine, which runs between the island of Usedom and 1Vollin. The other channels are the Pecne, west of Usedom, and the Direr Now, east of Wollin Island. To the north of the island is the harbour of SwiuemtInde. Agriculture and the Baltic fishery afford occupation to the great mass of the inhabitants. There aro few manufactures except In the towns. Railways connect Stettin, the capital of the government, with Berlin, Posen, Danzig, and Kouigs burg.
Stefan, or the capital of the province of Pomerania, as well as of the government of Stettin, a flourishing commercial and strongly fortified town, is situated In 53' 26' N. lat., 14' 45' E. long., on an eminence on the left bank of the Oder, 78 miles by railway N.E. from Berlin, and has about 40,000 Inhabitant& The Oder divides into four branches, the Parnitz, and the Great and the Little Regelitz, and the main stream. The principal and moat strongly fortified part of the town is on the left bank of the Oder, and is connected by wooden bridges with the suburbs, some of which are Included lu the fortifications. The citadel is called Fort Prussia, besides which there are forts William and Leopold. Tho town has five principal gates and eight posterns. There are several squares. Of the public build ings, the most remarkable are—the palace, formerly the residence of the lad Dukes of Pomerania, the government-house, the arsenal, the house of the provincial estates, with a considerable library, the great barracks, the three hospitals, and the theatre. There are five churches and a Roman Catholio chapel. Besides the gymnaaium, to which an observatory is attached, there are a school for training teachers, and a school -of navigation. The manufactures are woollens, linen, cotton, leather, hats, stockings, ribands, sailcloth, soap, and tobacco. Boats and ships aro built, and ships' anchors for all the ships of the Prussian states are manufactured here. Tho trade of Stettin is very considerable, It is hampered however, as the commerce of all the Baltic ports is, by the Sound dues, which render the conveyance of goods more expensive, and the ships have not always return cargoes. Thus many goods which would naturally bo exported from
Stettin are sent to Hamburg. Another disadvantage is the difficult navigation of the Oder, ships drawing more than 7 feet water being obliged to atop at Swinemtinde. Foreign goods and colonial produce for the supply of Berlin, Silesia, and the interior of Prussia are imported into Stettin. The number of ships that arrive here annually is above 1000. Foreign consuls reside in Stettin.
Among the other towns are ANELem : Damns, 4 miles by railway E. from Stettin, is a strongly-fortified town, with about 3000 inhabit ants : Demmin, 72 miles N.W. from Stettin, at the junction of the Tolima and the Trebel with the l'eene, is a manufacturing town of 7000 inhabitants, who carry on a considerable commerce in firewood, timber, corn, glass, malt, &c., by the Peene, which is navigable for small craft. Leather, linen, gloves woollen-cloth, and tobacco are its chief industrial products : Oreiffcnhagen, S. of Stettin, on the right bank of the Oder, has a population of 6000, who manufacture broad cloth, and trade in corn : Stargard, situated 21 miles by railway E.S.E. from Stettin, on the left bank of the navigable river Ihna, a feeder of the Oder, has 11,500 inhabitants, including the suburbs. It is one of the best towns in Pomerania; is surrounded with a wall, and has three gates and three posterns. Tho chief manufactures are woollen cloth, linen, hats, stockings, leather, soap, tobacco, pottery, beer, and spirits. There are in the town four churches, a gymnasium, and several schools and charitable institutions. Fairs are held annually for the sale of horses and cattle, wool, linen, &c. The town has a good export trade in corn and the other productions of the country. Swinemiinde, a seaport town of about 5000 inhabitants, situated on the island of Usedom, at the entrance of the Swine Channel of the Oder Into the Baltic, has sea baths, a customhouse, a handsome church, shipbuilding-yards, and a considerable trade. By means of extensive dams constructed in recent times, the harbour of Swiuemiinde, which is the outpart of Stettin, has been made accessible to the largest ships. Steamers ply regularly to Stettin, the Isle of Rugen, and other places along the coast,: Treptow, situated on the left bank of the Rega, 57 miles N.N.E. from Stettin, has spirit distilleries, cloth factories, and 5500 inhabitants : Alt-Treptow, a walled town on the Tollense, has about 4000 inhabitants, who manufacture broadcloth, leather, and spirita.