Tho same character of deep and patient reflection exercised on great objects appears in German philosophy and in the inventions of the Teutonic nations. The watch, the gun, and the art of printing are Teutonic inventions. They have subjugated the power of steam ; and the first model of the modern sea-vessel was constructed at the mouth of the Eider by tho hands of an old Saxon or Frisian ship-builder. (Clement, ibid.) The name of the Teutones was made known to the ancients by Pytheas of Massilia (Marseille), who, in the age of Alexander the Great, about 320 s.c., discovered a nation of that name in the Chersonesus Cimbrica, and on the adjacent islands, or in the present countries of Holstein, Sleswig, Denmark, and perhaps also in the southern extremity of Sweden. It seems that they had long been settled there, for they lived in houses, and were acquainted with agriculture and commerce. Other traces of the name appear later. Among the Celtic tribes which invaded Greece and besieged Delphi under the second Brennus (278 s.c.), there was a people called Teutobodiaci, who afterwards passed the Hellespont and settled with the Celia in Galatia, in Asia Minor. About 160 years later, the Romans were attacked by the Cimbri and Teutons, who came from the same country, where they had been seen by Python]. The Teutonic origin of the Cimbri has been disputed : some historians consider them identical with the Celtic Cymri, but this error has been long since refuted, although it has been reproduced in our days by Thierry, in his' Histoire des Gaulois.' It is said, and it is not improbable, that inundations of the sea compelled the Teutonee and their neighbours the Cimbri to leave their country and to seek other abodes. The choice was soon made. The wealth of Rome and the arts of Greece were not unknown to them. From the most remote times adventurous merchants, starting from the shores of the Black Sea, followed the course of the Dnieper towards its sources, and reaching the Dilua and the Niemen, descended these rivers to their mouths in the Baltic, where they exchanged the commodities of the south for amber, the electrum of the ancients. The same trade, as it seems, was carried on by the merchants of Massilia along the IthOne and the Rhine, and therefore Schlozer, in his' Nordische Geschiehte; says that but for the amber Germany would have remained unknown to the ancients for five centuries more. Their acquaintance with Rome and "Ala.sailia was perhaps the principal muse which led the Cimbri and the Teutones to the south of France and to Italy (n.c. 113-99). Their destruction by Marius has been related. [Manlius, in limo. Div. ; Owlet] When the Romans first hoard the nano of the Teutones, they thought that they were a single tribe. They did not know that it was also the general and ethnographic name of all those nations to which they afterwards gave the vague designation of Germans.
Origin of the name Teutones.—Tlio root of the word Teuton is the or do, which originally represented the idea of " activity," of "living, procreating, nourishing," and also of "taming, educating, and ruling." From this root are formed the following words, some of which are still used in the popular dialects :-2'eut, god, creator, ruler, father, nourisher (Thor, Tuisco);-thut or thiud, earth ; toll dote, dote, god father ; toda, nurse ; thiod, father of the people, lord, ruler, ldng, in Gothic thiudans, in old Bavarian theodo ; diet, people, in old Swedish, thiaut and thyd ; thiudinassus, in Gothic, kingdom. (Fulda, Wurzel
Worterbuch2) The idea of ruling, expressed by the root Teut, explains why this word occurs so frequently in the names of the ancient Teutonic kings, dukes, or chiefs, such as Teutoboeh, Theudorix, Diorix, Theodorix, Theodoric, Theodomir, Theodimir, Teutagon, &e. It is likewise contained in the general name of all the Teutonic nations, and in those of various tribes, as the Teutones, tho Teutonoarii, Thaifali, and the Dithmarses or Dietrnarses. Teuton is identical with Deutsche or Teutsche (in Low German, Diltsch. ; in Dutch, Duitsch ; in Danish, Tysk ; in English, Dutch), which from the remotest time has been and is still the general name of that part of the Teutonic nations which we now call Germans, who considered the god or hero Tuisco as their common ancestor. There are no direct proofs of the word Teuton having had this extensive meaning in the earliest German history, but this is perhaps the result of the political state of the Teutonic nations, which were originally divided into numerous tribes, each of which became separately known to the Romans.
Origin of the Teutonic Nations.—The Teutonic race is originally from Asia. The Teutones immigrated into Europe at different periods un known to history, although it appears that the last of them entered Europe during the migration of nations in the 4th and 5th centuries. Some account of their Asiatic origin is given in their ancient national songs, principally in the Sagas of the Scandinavians. It is also said that Benedict Goesius (Goez), a Jesuit, found in 1603, in the mountains of the Hindu Kush, north-east of Cabul, a people with fair hair like the Dutch, and who are perhaps identical with that tribe of which Pliny speaks, and which was settled in the Mentes Emodi. But all this is of little value, unless it is corroborated by other facts. Such facts have been furnished by the learned philologists of our age, espe cially by Friedrich von Schlegel, Adelung, Bopp, Grimm, and Hammer Purgstall. A comparison of the Teutonic languages with the Persian, the 7.end, and the Sanskrit, has shown the relationship which exists among these languages [LANGUAGE; ;SANSKRIT LANGUAGE and LITE RATURE], and by means of these facts, the 3lythes and Sagas become important for history.
When the Teutonic nations appeared in history, they were divided into many bodies or confederations of tribes, such as, at a later period, the Franks, the Suevi, the Saxons, the Mareomanni, and the Alemanni. Long before these names were known, there was a similar confedera tion of tribes which came from the north-north-east and conquered the countries on the left bank of the Rhine, then inhabited by Celtic nations, which fled to their brethren in Central Gaul. The epoch of this invasion is not known, but the event happened a long time before the age of Cmsar, who found those countries settled by a Teutonic population. Tribes of the Condrusi, the Eburones, the Caeraesi, and the Paemani, were united in a confederation, and had adopted the name of Germani, or "war-like men." This name was gradually used by the Romans to designate other nations which belonged to the Teu tonic race (Tacitus, Germ.; c. 2), and subsequently it was adopted by the English as a name for the " Deutsche," while this very name, changed into Dutch, now designates the inhabitants of Holland.