FALLOPPIO, or FALLO'PIUS, OABRIELLO, was born at Modena about 1523. He was one of the three distinguished anatomists of the 16th century to whom Cuvier, an unquestionable authority on such subjects, has assigned the merit of restoring, or rather creating, their science in its modern and exact form. His associates in this award of praise are Vesaliva and Eustacbius, the former of whom he succeeded in the united professorships of anatomy and surgery at Padua in 1551 : the latter taught at Rome during the same period. [Ersraciires.) Fallopius appears at one time to have held an ecclesiastical appoint ment in the cathedral at Modena, which he resigoed to devote himself to more congenial pursuits. Having gratified his cariosity by travelling through the most interesting parts of Europe, he settled for a time as a public teacher of anatomy at Ferrara, where ho had received a medical education. But he soon quitted that university, which was in fact a sphere too narrow for his talents; and had lectured at Pisa for some years with increasing reputation under the patronage of the first Grand Duke of Tuscany [Cessna I.], when he was induced by the liberal proffers of the Venetian senate to repair to Padua to take the place of Vesalins, who had been obliged to resign his academic offices by one of the disastrous incidents which have thrown a romantic interest over the latter part of his remarkable life. [Vssetrus.] The atndies of Fallopius were by no means confined to one depart ment of natural history. He appears to have occupied himself, among the rest, with the subject of systematic botany, which had very recently begun to attract attention. In this, as in all other steps in the revival of learning, Italy took the lead. Tho first botanio garden had been established at Pisa by Cosmo de' Medici in 1543, and was at this time under the management of Cresalpinus. The second was established two years later at Padua; and the charge of this garden, with the professorial duties annexed to it, was committed to Fallopius soon after his arrival in that university. The botanical researohes and
collections ha had made during his travels, and his aubeequent opportunities at Pisa of access to the beat sources of contemporary information, had probably fitted him in no common degree to under take this additional charge, which he is acid to have sustained with great ability and applause.
In addition to his merit as a naturalist and a teacher, Fallopius was an excellent and expeditious operator, and otherwise, for his time, a good practical surgeon. His character with posterity in this respect is however somewhat tainted by the appearance of a degree of quackery in the concealment of his remedies, and a trumpeting forth of their virtues, which his experience of them could not have justified. After a short but brilliant career of eleven years, both in practice and as a teacher, he died at Padua in 1562, and was succeeded by his favourite pupil Fahrizio, or Fabricius ab Acquapenderate. [Panarzio.] The only work certainly known to have been reviacd by himself was a volume entitled Anatomical Observations.' It was first printed In 8vo at Venice in the year before his death, and has been frequently reprinted. The publication of this work forms an epoch in the science of human anatomy. There is no part of the frame with which the author does not display a masterly acquaintance. Many important parts of it he was the first to describe, if not to observe, and several of them still bear his name. His lectures on pharmacy, surgery, and anatomy were published after his death in various forms, and with very different degrees of fidelity, by his pupils. The beat of them were collected and published with his 'Observations' in 3 vols. folio, Venice, 1584, and have passed through several editions. They are now auperseded by more complete and systematic treatises, and are seldom consulted but by antiquarians in medical literature, or to support novel opinions; for in these sciences, as in others, much that is now is likewise old.