First immerse the articles in a hot solution of sal soda or soapsuds to free them from oil or grease.
Or dilute muriatic acid with twice its own bulk of water and immerse the articles from a few minutes to several hours, according to the amount of rust. Remove and apply soap and water with a scrubbing brush. Re peat if necessary. Rinse, dry, and polish with oil and emery paper or other good abrasive.
Or immerse the articles in kerosene oil for several hours, or as long as may be necessary. This loosens the rust so that it may be rubbed off with sandpaper or emery paper.
But if the rust has etched deeply into the articles, they may have to be refinished.
Or soften rust with sweet oil and rub with sandpaper.
Or mix 2 parts of pumice stone with 1 part of sulphur. Moisten with sweet oil and apply with chamois.
Or use emery and oil.
Or immerse the articles in a saturat ed solution of chloride of tin over night, or as long as necessary. Rinse in clear water and polish with cham ois.
Or immerse thorn in olive oil, and polish with whiting or slaked lime by moistening a cloth or chamois and dipping it into the dry powder.
To Clean Zinc.—Substances recom mended for ' cleaning zinc are kero sene, soft soap, salt and vinegar, vine gar and alum, paraffin, coal ashes, sulphuric acid, turpentine, and vari ous compounds of these. As zinc is not easily inj ured, these may all be used freely. Rub with a coarse cloth saturated with kerosene oil.
Or heat 2 ounces of salt or 2 ounces of alum in 1 quart of vinegar and ap ply hot. Wipe with a dry rag.
Or dip a cotton cloth in melted paraffin and rub until the dirt is re moved. Rinse with clean water and wipe dry.
Or wet with cold vinegar, let stand for a few minutes, rinse, and wash.
Or make a soap jelly by dissolving hard soap with twice its own bulk in water. Mix with sifted coal ashes to a stiff paste. Apply with a moist cloth.
Or mix dilute sulphuric acid (1 part of acid to 10 parts of water) with glycerin.
Or mix 1 pint of linseed oil with 4 ounces of turpentine.
Or polish with bath brick.
To Clean Nickel.—Substances rec ommended for cleaning nickel are kerosene, jeweler's rouge, whiting, powdered borax, and alum. When not much soiled, use jeweler's rouge and vaseline mixed to a thin paste.
Apply with flannel and polish with chamois.
Or dampen a rag and dip in pow dered borax. Or, if the articles are small and movable, boil in alum and water.
Or rub with a cloth dipped in kero sene.
To Clean Brass.—Substances recom mended for cleaning brass are vine gar and salt, lemon juice, citric acid, oxalic acid, rotten stone, turpentine, alum, ammonia, sulphuric, nitric, or muriatic acid, and various compounds of these.
To clean brass kettles and other utensils, dissolve a tablespoonful of salt in a teacupful of vinegar and bring to a boil. Apply as hot as pos sible to the brass with a scrubbing brush.
Or apply a solution of oxalic acid with a scrubbing brush or cloth, using equal parts of oxalic acid and water.
Or apply strong aqua ammonia with a scrubbing brush.
Or dissolve 1 ounce of alum in 1 pint of strong lye and apply with a scrubbing brush.
Or mix 6 ounces of rotten stone, 1 ounce of oxalic acid, 1 ounce of sweet oil, and ounce of gum arabic, and dissolve to a thin paste with water. Apply with a cloth.
Or use rotten stone moistened with sweet oil. Apply with a cloth mois tened in turpentine.
Or mix 1 ounce of bichromate of potash, 2 ounces of sulphuric acid, and 2 ounces of pure water. Do not touch this with the hands, but apply with a mop.
Or wet a cloth in water, dip in pow dered sal ammoniac, and apply.
Or mix 4 ounces of rotten stone, 1 ounce of oxalic acid, and 1 ounce of sweet oil with turpentine to form a paste, and apply with a brush mois tened in water.
Or dissolve 1 ounce of alum in 1 pint of strong potash or soda lye. Immerse the articles in this solution or apply hot with a scrubbing brush.
Or dissolve 1 ounce of alum in 8 ounces of water and apply hot with a scrubbing brush.
To Polish Brass. — After removing tarnish with any of the above cleans ers, wash the article with warm soap suds made of any good, hard white soap, dry with a cloth, and polish with dry chamois or any good silver polish, as whiting, or the like. Fin ish by rubbing the articles with a cloth slightly moistened with vaseline. This will prevent tarnishing.
Or coat with collodion dissolved in alcohol, or thin shellac applied by means of a camel's-hair brush.