ANGORA (ancient Gk. "A)apa, inkyra; Lat. incyra; Turk. Enguri). The capital of the Turkish vilayet of the same name, in the moun tainous interior of Asia Minor, and distant from Constantinople about 220 miles. The city is fabled to have been built by Midas, the son of the Phrygian Gordius. it was a flourishing city under the Persians; became the capital city of the Gallic Teetosages, who settled in Asia Minor about 227 B.C.; was a principal seat of eastern trade under the Romans, and was made the capi tal of the Roman province of Galatia Prima. It was the seat of one of the early churches of Galatia, and the scene of two Christian councils, held in 314 and 35S. A decisive battle between the Turks and Tartars was fought near Angora in 1402, in which Timur defeated and took prisoner the Sultan Bajazet 1. A temple of white marble was erected by the citizens of Aneyra to the Em peror Augustus, who had greatly beautified the city, and his deeds were recorded in inscriptions upon a number of tablets and the columns of an altar. These inscriptions, the Monumcntum An cyranion, discovered by Busbecq in 1553. are im
portant for the elucidation of ancient history. They were first printed in Schott's edition of A n retius Victor (Antwerp, 1579), and have been edited by Slommsen (Berlin, 1883), and Willing (Halle,1897). Thepresent Angora contains about 30,000 .inhabitants, of whom one-third are Ar menians. The district is famous for its breed of goats, with beautiful silky hair eight inches long. Of this goat-hair a kind of yarn is made, known as Turkish yarn or camel yarn, of which a man ufacture of camlets is extensively carried on in Angora itself. The Angora goat is bred for its hair at the Cape of Good Hope and in Victoria, and has also been successfully introdueed intothe United Stites. Of the skin of the Angora goat the fine oriental Morocco leather is made. Many of the animals in this region are characterized by the length and softness of their hair, especially the dogs, rabbits, and eats. This peculiarity seems to depend upon the climate, and soon dis appears in Europe.