ANTONELLI, an'tiknePle, GIACOMO (1808 76). An Italian cardinal and statesman, horn at Sonnino. At the Seminary in Rome he became conspicuous for intellectual capacity. and Pope Gregory, recognizing his ability, attached him to his suite. He became under-secretary in the Ministry of Interior in 1841, and in 1845, Minis ter of Finance. At the accession of Pius IX. he joined the Pope's reformatory schemes and gained great influence, becoming cardinal in 1847 and a member of the Ministerial Council through which Pius undertook to establish his reforms. In 1848. when the ministry of priests and laymen was established, Antonelli became prime minis ter. After the Pope's pronouncement against the war with Austria ( 1 848 ) Antonelli resigned, but afterward, when he had perceived the l'ope's motive, he abandoned his national policy and associated himself entirely with the conservative element. Upon the reiistablishment of the Papal
power through the intervention of France, An tonelli returned to Rome with the Pope (1850) and reorganized the administration along strictly absolutistic lines. Ile rejected all ad vances of the Powers recommending opportun istic reforms, and would not yield to the nation alistic aspirations of the Italians. Ile raised vain protests against the aggrandizement of the royal territories at the expense of the Papal States. During the closing years of his life he lust his influence with the Pope, \ vho yielded more and more to the Jesuit element. At his death he was prime minister to the Pope. He left his property, amounting to about $8,000,000, to his three brothers, and his alleged daughter, the Countess Lambertini, vainly sued for a share.