APAFI, o'pci-fl, or ABAFI, o'h5-f1, MICHAEL I. (1632-90), Prince of Transylvania. He ac companied Prince George IL in an expedition against the Poles in 1656, was taken prisoner by the Tartars, and after his release returned to his estate. In 1661 he was chosen Prince of Transylvania, through the support of All Pasha, generalissimo of the Turkish forces under Sultan Mohammed IV. During the peace concluded with Austria after the battle of Saint Gothard (1604), he reigned peaceably under the protection of the Porte. He remained faithful to the Otto man power till after the siege of Vienna in 1683. Fortune then changed. The Imperial troops invaded the country: and in August, 1687, made a treaty with the Emperor by which Transylvania was declared to be freed from Turkish suzerainty, and placed under Austrian protection. At Fogaras the Transylvanian depu ties. assembled at the National Diet. took the oath of fealty to the Hapsburgs as legitimate monarchs of Hungary. Ever since the death of his wife,
Anna Bornemitza, in 1688, Apafi had been sorely afflicted both in body and mind, and died (April 15. 1690) on the eve of a fierce retributive war, commenced by his old allies, the Turks, who considered themselves ill-used by his desertion of them. His son. MICHAEL II. (died 1713), suc ceeded to the throne and its perils, The Turks, under the vizier Kinprili, overthrew the Imperial army, but the internal troubles of the Ottoman Empire hindered them. or rather Count Tnnlcnilyi (q.v.), whom they were supporting, from reap ing the fruits of their successes. The Imperial troops subsequently regained everything. By the Treaty of Carlowitz, 1699, Transylvania was in corporated with Hungary, and the young Tran sylvanian prince was inveigled to Vienna, and ca joled into giving up his dominions to Austria in lieu of a pension of some 15,000 florins.