ARCHANGEL. The capital city of the Rus sian Government of Archangel, situated in lat. 64° 33' N., and long. 40' 33' E., on the right bank of the Drina_ River, 26 miles above its en trance into the hite Sea, and 740 miles north east of Saint Petersburg (Slap: Russia, F 2). It is the largest and most important city in the world situated so near to the Arctic Circle. The city is of ancient origin, and among its most noteworthy buildings is the handsome eathe dral finished in the beginning of the Nineteenth Century. It is said to be the handsoMest and best-lighted cathedral in Russia. The other buildings of interest are the bazaar or mart, the marine hospital, and the wooden "little house" of Peter the Great. The of the city is considerable, since it serves as an outlet for the products of the far northern and western part of Siberia. The chief articles of traffic are fish, skins, furs, timber, wax, iron, tallow, bristles, and caviar. At its annual fair, in September, about 14,000,000 rubles worth of goods change hands. The value of its exports and imports
amounts to about 8,000,001) rubles ($4,500,000) annually, and it is visited by some 800 vessels during the months of July to September, the only period of the year when the harbor of Archangel is entirely free from ice. Of the foreign ves sels visiting the port the British and Norwegian are the most numerous. Considerable inland shipping is carried on by a large number of smaller vessels navigating the Dvina. The fact that the harbor is ice-bound during the greater part of the year has been the greatest obstacle to the commercial growth of the city, •ver since its foundation in 1584 by Czar Fe,odOr. The city was named after the monastery on the Dvina, founded here by the Archbishop of :Coy gorod in the Twelfth Century with a view to missionary work among the pagan Choods. Pop. 1891, 20.933.