ADAMS, CHARLES FRANCIS, JR. ( 1835—). An American soldier, financier, and writer. He is a son of Charles Francis Adams, and was born in Boston, Mass., May 27, 1835. He grad uated at Harvard in 1S56, studied law in the office of Richard Henry Dana, Jr., and was admitted to the bar in 1858. He entered the Union Army as first lieutenant in a Massachn setts cavalry regiment in 1861, became a captain in 1862, served as chief of squadron at Gettys burg, and at the close of the war was in com mand, as colonel. of a regiment of colored cav alry. in May, 1865, he was brevetted brigadier general in the regular army, and in July retired from active service. From 1884 to 1890 he was president of the Union Pacific Railroad Com pany. From lstri to 1895 he was chairman of the Massachusetts Park Commission, and as such took a prominent part in planning the present park system of the State. Since about 1874 he has devoted much of his time to the study of American history, and in recognition of his work in this field was chosen president of the Massa chusetts Historical Society in 1895, and of the American Historical Association in 1901. His
writings and addresses both on problems of rail way management and on historical subjects are marked by a singular clarity of statement and a degree of intellectual independence that has frequently given rise to widespread controversy. He has written: Railroads, Their Origin and Problems (New York, 1878) ; Notes on Railway Accidents (New York. 1879) Richard Henry Mina: .t Biography ( Boston, 18911 Thrw Epi soth•s of .11 assark tise I t s (Boston, 1592), 11 work which gives an account 14 the settb•ment (4 Boston Bay. of the .1ntinoinian rontroversy, and of church and town government in early Massaehusetts; Massachusetts: Its Histo rians and Its Ilistory (Boston, 1893), an excel Life of Charles Francis _Maims I Boston, 1900), in the American Statesmen Series, and Lee at .1ppolnatto.c, and Other us (1!11121. In collaboration with his brother, !henry .1dams, he also published Chapters of Eri(, and Other Essays (New York, 1871).