ANDREE, SALOMON AUGUST (1854—). A Swedish scientist and ai;ronant, born at Grenna. He studied at the technical college in Stockholm, and was a member of the Swedish meteorological expedition in 1882-83. Between 1892 and 1895 he made several balloon journeys, and finally de cided to attempt to reach the North Pole by means of a balloon, partly directed by sails and Amide-ropes. On July 11, 1897, accompanied by two friends, Strindberg and Frankel, he made the start from Dane Island, northwestern Spits bergen. Four days afterward a carrier pigeon, shot on the sealer Allan, was found to convey in a small tube a message written by Andree two days after the ascent. The message gave the position of the party as lat. 82° 2', long. 15° 5' E., or 145 miles north and 45 miles east of the starting point. Of the thirteen buoys carried in the balloon, five have been discovered on coasts near Spitzbergen. Two contained dispatches,
both dated July 11. The "polar buoy," which was to be cast overboard from the highest lati tude attained, was found empty. at Spitzbergen, September II, 1899. Several expeditions to Spitzbergen, Franz Josef Land, and East Green land have failed to discover other traces of the explorer. In 1901, N. Persson, Swedish consul at Helsingfo•s, Russia, offered a reward for each of the eight remaining buoys that should be found before 1905; 500 kroner (about $130) for each buoy containing,• intelligence; 200 kroner for empty buoys or other relics of the expedition. Consult: Kullenberglr, Andree, Lif och Per son (Goteborg, 1898), and Annual Report of the Nnuithsonian Institution for 1S9S (Washington, 1S98).