AND CHARITIES. Educational af fairs are in the hands of a superintendent of education and an educational council. Unlike Quebec and Ontario, time province does not pro vide for separate denominational schools. There is mini form i ty of n methods, test-books, etc., throughout the province. one in every 5.22 of the population is enrolled in the public schools. the proportion between the grammar and the elementary enrollment being one to sixty. The province also maintains normal schools and pro vides for higher education at the of Fredericton. The different religious sects Main tain seminaries and universities, of which Mount Allison University (Methodist) is the largest. The expenditure per capita of the total popula tion shows a steady increase from $1.26 in 1555 to $1.58 in 1900. Of this amount, 67.94 per cent. is raised by local assessment.
Of the charitable institutions, the asylums. for the insane constitute the greatest item of expendi ture. The province supports also, in whole or part, a general hospital (at Saint John), a industrial home, and deaf and dumb institutions. Private and sectarian interests are well repre sented in charitable work. Convicts sentenced to penal life are sent to the Dominion tiary at Dorchester.
111sronv. The first European settlement was made on the Bay of Chaleurs by Frenchmen in 1639, and in 1672 further settlements were made On the iNliramichi River and along the coast.
With Nova Scotia, New Brunswick formed the original French colony of Acadia or New France, which was taken by the English in 1654. restored to France in 1607. hut re-ceded to the iu 1713 by the Treaty of Utrecht, although disputes as to time boundaries lasted until the Treaty of Paris in 1763 finally settled the question in favor of the British. The first British settlements were made by Scotch agriculturists and laborers along, the Aliramichi in 1704. In 1783 over 5000 United Empire Loyalists from the United States settled in the eolony. In Nova Scotia and New Brunswick separated to form distinet colonies, and in .Tanuary. 1756. the first legislative assem bly of New Brunswick met at Saint .Tohn. In 1807 New Brunswick united with Ontario, Quebec, and Nova Scotia and thus became one of the orig inal provinces of the Dominion of Canada.
Se•Iivyn and Dawson. Bese r p tire Sketch of the I/Sirli ( k011 ra ph y Mid ( jet ilOgy of the boctmnaienl of Gent/,m Alontreal. ; Bailey and Jack, al 11 in, rit Is of cu. Brunsut•ick ( Fredericton. 1S761: AVillmott, 711e Mineral Wealth of en nal London. Cooney. 11 is I ory of Near Mali fax, 1532) ; Kingsford. lligtory of ("ft nod ft ( 1.0fiddit, Perley, nn 1:ft rl y 11 istory of New Urn a:1r ick (Saint