NEWCASTLE, HENRY PELHAM FIENNES PELHAM CLINTON, Fifth Duke of (1811-64). An English statesman. He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford, and represented South Notts in Parliament from 1832 to 1846, when he was ousted by the influence of his father, the fourth Duke, for supporting Sir Robert Peel in his free trade measures. In the brief Conservative Ad ministration of 1834.35 he had been a Lord of the Treasury, and First Commissioner of Woods and Forests in the Peel Administration, from 1841 to 1846. He was then made Chief Secretary to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, but went out of office with his chief a few months afterwards. Ile succeeded to the dukedom in 1851, and re turned to office in 1852, filling the post of Secre tary of State for the Colonies (which formerly included the Department of War) in the Aber deen Government. The war with Russia broke out, and in June. 1854, it was found necessary to
create a Secretary of State for War, and the new office was assigned to Newcastle. The sufferings of the British army before Sebastopol in the winter of 1854 raised a storm of popular discon tent, and when the House of Commons determined to inquire into the conduct of the war, the Duke resigned, though the system, not the :Minister, was to blame. Newcastle was reappointed Secretary of State for the Colonies in the second Administration of Lord Palmerston. 1S59. In 1800 he accompanied the Prince of Wales during a torn• in Canada and a portion of the United States, and on his return received the Order of the Garter from the Queen. Though his adminis tration was meeting with general approval, fail ing health compelled him to resign, and lie died a few months later on October 18, 1864.