NEW COLLEGE. A college at Oxford, Eng land, originally known as the College of Saint Mary of Winchester. It was founded by William of Wykeham, Bishop of Winehester, and some time Lord Chancellor of England. in 1379 for a warden, 70 fellows and scholars, 10 chaplains, 3 clerks, and 16 choristers. The college was but a part of Wykeham's plan. which included also the establishment of the famous school at Win chester, the first of the English public schools, from whose numbers the scholars of New- College were to he chosen. To this new feature in Eng lish education was added also the beginning of a tutorial system in the college, by which the ordinary university instruction was supplemented by the work of the fellows of the college with the younger scholars. In the buildings of his college, Wykeham founded the school of English college architecture, and the buildings remain to-day the finest of the early colleges. In every way, this foundation was the most splendid of its time, but, owing chiefly to certain curious exemptions from university supervision in examinations (cf. King's College. Cambridge), it did not play the part that might have been expected of it during most of its history. Here Vitelli taught Grocyn
Greek, and thus gave the college a very real con nection with the new awakening. It is to-day, in scholarship and athletics, one of the leading col leges in Oxford. The establishment, as fixed by statutes of 1835 and 1881-82, consists of a warden, 22 fellows, 3 chaplains, 40 scholars, college officers, a choir, with an total of some 250 undergraduates. The connection with Winehester School is still maintained very closely. The buildings are of great beauty, particularly the hall and the chapel, with windows designed by Sir Joshua IZeynolds, and an imposing tower. The gardens, include in their limits part of the old city Dan of Oxford, are among the most attractive in oxford. The college presents to 40 livings. Among the worthies of New College have been Archbishop Chiehele, founder of All Souls' Col lege, Bishop Waynilete, founder of Magdalen Col lege. Bishops Ken and Lowth, and Sydney Smith. See KING'S COLLEGE, Cambridge; WiNCIIESTER ; OXFORD UNIVERSITY; WILLIA Or WV KEI1-1 M.