PHILIP THE Goon Duke of Burgundy from 1419 to 1467. He was the son of John the Fearless and Margaret of Bavaria. He was born at Dijon. June 13, 1396. and on the assassination of his father on the bridge of Mon tereau, succeeded to the Duchy of Burgundy. Bent on avenging the murder of his father, he entered into an offensive and defensive alliance with Henry V. of England at Arras in 1419, rec ognizing him as the rightful Regent of France, and heir to the throne after Charles Vl.'s death. This agreement was sanctioned by the imbecile King himself as well as by the mother of the Dauphin. Queen Isabella, in the Treaty of Troyes (1420). The Dauphin (later Charles VII.). how ever, declined to resign his rights, and took to arms, but was defeated and driven beyond the Loire. Some disputes with the English concern ing possessions in Brabant and elsewhere prompted Philip to threaten in 1429 to conclude a treaty with Charles VII. However, the Eng lish, by ceding to Philip the Province of Cham pagne. and paying him a large sum of money, re stored him to their side. In 1429-30 Namur, Brabant. and Limburg were annexed to Burgundy, and in 1433 Countess Jacqueline ceded HainanIt. Holland, and Zealand to Philip. Though much more powerful than his nominal superior. the
Ring of France. Philip did not take the royal title. After the death of his wife, sister of the English Regent in France, the Duke of Bedford, he gradually drew nearer to Charles VII., and in 1435 tried to negotiate a peace at Arras between all parties in the Hundred Years' War. The English demands proving excessive, he made peace alone with the French King. The latter part of his reign was filled with trouble caused by the quarrels between Charles VII. and his son, the Dauphin Louis, afterwards Louis XI. (q.v.), who had fled from his father's Court. and sought shelter with Philip. Philip died at Bruges, July 15, 1467. deeply lamented by his subjects. Under him, Burgundy was the most wealthy, prosperous, and tranquil State in Europe: its ruler was the most feared and admired sovereign of his time, and his Court far surpassed in brilliancy those of his contemporaries. Knights and nobles from all parts of Europe flocked to his jousts and tourna ments. In 1430. in honor of his marriage with Isabella of Portugal, his third wife. he established the famous order of the Golden Fleece (q.v.). De Barant, Histoire des dues de Bourgogne, vols.
iii.-vi. (2d ed., Brussels, 1834-40). See CHARLES