Peruvian Antiquities
Peruvian Antiquities. The Social Structure Of Peru Was Not Unlike That Of The More Primitive Tribes To The North. There Was A Head Chief Or Inca. Who Had An Advisory Coun Cil Elected By The Various Clans Or Genres Of The People. The Office Of Inca Was Hereditary In The ...
Peruvian Arcitieology
Peruvian Arcitieology. The Span Ish Conquest Came At The Height Of The Power Of The Incas In Peru. This People Was Of Quichua Stock And They Had Conquered The Tribes Of The Present Country As Well As Those Of Bolivia, Ecua Dor. And Chile, And Had Subjected Them To Their ...
Peruzzi
Peruzzi, P5.-rbtit'se, Baldassare ( 1481 1536). An Italian Architect And Painter, The Most Gifted Artist Of The High Renaissance. He Was Born At Volterra, Near Siena, March 7, 1481. Little Is Known Of His Early Career, But From His Work It Is Probable That He Followed 11 Sodoma And Pinturicchio ...
Peshwa
Peshwa, Pr•sh'wh (pers., Lender). The Brahman Ministers Of The Mahratta Dynasty Of India. On The Decline Of The Alahratta Rulers, The Power Of Their Ministers Increased Until In 1718 The First Peshwa. Balaji Visvanath, Acting In The Name Of Maharaja Salm, Marched Against Delhi To Assist Farrukh Shah Against The ...
Pessimism
Pessimism (from Lat. • Pessimus, Worst). The Doctrine That Life Is Or Tenths To Become Whol Ly Undesirable, Or That The World Is Essentially Evil. It Is Thus Contrasted With Optimism, Which Teaches That The World Is Essentially Good, And With Meliorism, Which Maintains That The World Is Constantly Becoming ...
Pestalozzi
Pestalozzi, Prss'ta-lrestt, .tonann Hein Rich ( 1 740-1827 ) . A Swiss Edneatioual Reformer. And The Chief Founder Of Modern Pedagogy. Horn At Zurich, January 112. 174(1. As A Student In The University Of Zurich He Allied Himself With The Young Reformers Of Whom Lasater Was The Leader, And In ...
Peter
Peter (lat. Pcfrus, From Gk. Rirpoc, Peter, Tirpoe, Rock), Or Settox Peter. The Apostle Of .lesus Ivho Is Limped First In Each Of The Lists Of The Twelve In The Synoptic Gospels. His Original Name Was The Hebrew ,aint`f3n, Which Was Easily Shortened To Conform To The Greek Simon. Ile ...
Peter Martyr
' Peter Martyr, The Name Most Com Monly Applied To P Ietro Martire Di Angiiiera (c.1457-1526), An Italian Writer On American History. He Was Born At Arona, In Northern Italy, Probably On February 2, 1457. Although His Own Letters Give Almost Equally Good Grounds For The Years 1455 And 1459 ...
Peter Simon Pallas
Pallas, Peter Simon A German-russian Traveler And Naturalist, Born In Berlin. Ile Studied Natural History, And Was Employed In Classifying Many Valuable Collections In Both Holland And England. In 17t14 He Was Elected A Foreign Member Of The Royal Society. 14e Gained A High Reputation By The Publication Of His ...
Peterborough
Peterborough. An Episcopal City, A Parliamentary And Municipal Borough, And A Chvic County, Known As The Soke Or Liberty Of Peter Borough, In Northamptonshire, England, On The Nen. 37 Miles Northeast Of Northampton, And 76 Miles North By West Of London (slap: England, F 4). Its Principal Edifice Is The ...
Peterborough_2
Peterborough, Cuarles Alommunt, Third Earl Of (1658-1735). An English Military And Naval Commander. Ile Served As A Boy In The Navy, And Then Entered The Army. For The Prominent Part That He Took Against -tames 11., He Was Made Earl Of Monmouth By William Iii., Succeeding Afterwards To The Earldom ...
Petersburg
Petersburg. A City, Independent Of Coun Ty Authority, At The Junction Of Chesterfield, Din Widdie, And Prince George Counties. Va.. 22 Miles South Of Richmond. On The Appomattox River And The Upper Appomattox Canal, And On The Norfolk & Western, The Atlantic Coast Line, And The Seaboard Air Line Railroads ...
Peterwardein
Peterwardein, Pfi!ter-viir-din' (hung. Paernirad). A Free Town And Strong Fortress Of Croatia And Slavonia, Hungary, Situated On A Promontory On The Right Bank Of The Danube Opposite Neusatz, With Which Town It Is Connected By Two Bridges (map: Austria, G 4). The Fortifi Cations Consist Of The Old Fortress On ...
Petition
Petition ( Lat. Petitio. From Peterr, To Seek; Connected With Gk. 7ireanat, Priest/mi. Slot. Pat, To Fly). A Supplication Preferred To One Capable Of Granting It. The Right Of A British Subject To Petition The Sovereign Or Eithet House Of Parliament For Redress Of Grievances Is A Fun Damental Principle ...
Petition And Advice The
Petition And Advice. The Humble. A W Ritten Constitution Of England During The Pro Tectorate. The First Parliament Elected Ing To The Instrument Of Government (q.v.) Was Di,solved Berms,(' It Assumed The Function Of Altering The Constitution Under Which It Was Called. A Second Parliament Was Summoned By Cromwell. Who ...
Petqfi
Petqfi, Pe'te-ff, Sandor (alexander) (1822-49). The National Poet Of Hungary, Born At Kis-k.8/.6s, In The County Of Pesth, December 31, 1822. His Father Was A Butcher And A Small Landowner In Little Cumania, And Bore The Name Of Petrovics—a Name Indicating A Slavic Origin. ]n 1838 His Father Was Impoverished ...
Petra
Pe'tra (lat., From Gk. Rirpa, Rock). An Ancient City Of Northern Arabia, In The 'desert Of Edom,' About 70 Miles Northeast Of Akabah (map: Turkey In Asia, 1' 7). It Occupied A Nar Row Rocky Valley. Overhung By Mountains, The Highest And Best Known Being Mount Hor, Direct Ly To ...
Petrarch
Pe'trarch (it. Petrarca, Ph'tar'kn), Francesuo ( 1304-74). Anqtahian Poet And Hu Manist, Born At Arezzo, July 20, 1304, Of A Fam Ily Then In Exile From Florence, Because Of Its Affiliation With The Party Of The Bianchi. Fran Cesco Changed His Father's Name Petracco To Pe Trarea. 'hip Wanderings Of ...
Petrel
Petrel (fr. Pore(, Front • Petrellus. Diminutive Of Lat. Pct Rim Peter; So Called In Allusion To Its Walking On The ,ea, Like The Apostle Peter). A 'ea-bird Of The Family Proven:1h Id:e, Containing Several Genera. And Distinguished By Having The Bill Hooked At The Tip, And Hard. And The ...
Petrie
Petrie, Ps-'tri, William Matthew Flin Ders (1853—). An English Egyptologist, Born At Charlton, June 3, 1553, The Son Of William Pe Trie And Anne, Daughter Of Captain Alatthew Flinders, The Australian Explorer. He Was Edu Cated At Private Schools, And At First. Turned His Attention To The Study Of British ...
Petronius
Petro'nius, (=airs. A Roman Voluptuary At The Court Of Nero, Whose Profligacy Is Said To Have Been Of The Most Superb And Elegant Descrip Tion. We Know. However, Very Little About Him. Ile Was At One Time Proe011snl Of Bithynia, Was Subsequently Appointed Consul, And Is Said To Have Performed ...
Pettenkofer
Pettenkofer, Pet!ten-ko'fer, Max Von (181s-1901). A Celebrated German Chemist And Hygienist. Born In Bavaria. Ile Studied Medicine And Chemistry At :munich, And Later Under Liebig At Giessen. In 1847 He Became Professor Of Medi Cal Chemistry At Munich. His Famous Researches Formed The Foundation Of The Science Of Experi Mental ...
Peutingerian Table
Peutingerian Table (lat. Tabula Peutingcriana). The Name Given To A Most In Teresting Ancient Document, Which Exhibits The Military Roads Of The Roman Empire And Of The World Known To The Romans. It Is Not, Properly Speaking, A Map, No Regard Being Paid To Geo Graphic Position Or The Extent ...
Pew 10e
Pew 10e. Pill, Pug, Poi, Pen, Elevated Place Or Seat. Hill. Mound. Pulp, Elevated Railed Balcony Or Gallery. From Lat. Podium, Balcony. From G.:. 71-681ov. Diminutive Of Irok, Polls, Foot). An Inclosed Seat In A Church, Appropriated To A Per Son Or Family. Such Seats Were In Use In Eng ...
Pew Rights
Pew Rights. By The Early Common Law, A P-rson Could Not Obtain Strictly Legal Rights To A Pew. However, At A Later Date It Was Recognized That A Legal Right To A Pew Could Be Acquired. Which Would Be Pridected By The Com Mon-law Courts. Finally. Exclusive Pew Rights, When ...
Pewee
Pewee Name). Any Of Sev Eral Small Nhve-green Or Brown American Tyrant Flycatchers (q.v.1. The Common Pewee Or Pixel:w Hin] (snyornis Plrbe) Measures About 12 Inches Across The Extended Wings. It Is Brown On The Hack, Darker On The Head, With A Yellowish-white And Belly, Brown, Slightly Edged With A ...
Phagocyte
Phagocyte (from Gk. /ar,eiv, Phugeht, To Eat + Korot, Kyfos, Hollow. Eell). A Microbe-de Struying Cell Residing Free In The Animal System. About 18s3 Alctehnikoif Found That The Individual Cell. I If The Stomachs Of Sponges Took In Solid Par Ticks; Of Food And Digested Them, And This He Called ...
Phalanx
Phalanx (lat. Phalanx, From Gk. Odi.a)f, Line Of Battle, Row Of Soldiers, Rotund Piece Of Wood, Joint Between The Fingers And Toes). The Ancient Greek Name For The Heavy Infantry In Line Of Battle. The Heavy-armed Hoplites Were Only Of Service When Stationed In A Lung Straight Line In Dose ...
Phalarope
Phalarope (from Gk. Ga2.apic, Phalaris, Coot, Iroi.c, Polls, Foot). A Sandpiper-like Shore Bird Of The Family Phalaropodithe. Having Lobate Feet And A Rather Long Bill, Which Is Slender, Weak, And Straight. Phalaropes Differ From Sandpipers, However, In That They Spend The Greater Part Of Their Time In Swimming On The ...
Pharisees
Pharisees (heb. Pfroshim, Aramaic Per/. Shin, The Set Apart, Separatists). A Jewish Re Ligious Party. The Pharisees First Emerged As A Definite Party When The Success Of The Maccabean Revolt Led To The Foundation Of A Secular State, At The Head Of Which John Hyrcanus (high Priest, B.c. 135-105) Reigned ...
Pharynx
Pharynx (neo-lat.. From Gk. Cpciptrit, Throat, Pharynx: Connected With (bapa7,s. Ph Am Ax, Cleft, Onpay, Pharan. To Plow). The Name Of The Combined Portion Of The Respiratory And Ali 'limitary Tracts Which Lies Behind The Nose And Mouth Above And In Front, And The Larynx And (esophagus Below. It Is ...
Phcenicia
Phcenicia, Fit-nish'i-i5 (lat., From Gk. Phoinika Phamicia). The Name Used By The Greeks And Romans To Designate The Strip Of Territory About 200 Miles Long, From 5 To 15 Miles Broad. Along The Mediterranean Coast Of Syria. On The East This Tract Is Hounded By The Lebanon Mountains, Being Watered ...
Phcenix
Phce'nix (lat., From Gk. Cbolvte, Phoinix). The Name Of A Mythical Egyptian Bird Frequently Mentioned By Classical Writers. Fierodotus (ii. 73), Who Says Lie Beard The Story At Heliopolis And Saw A Picture Of The Bird There, Relates That The Phomix, On The Death Of His Father, Embalms The Body ...
Pheasant
Pheasant (al'. Jcs(int. Fesaunt, ?)f., Fr. Iso H. From Lat. Phusian Us, From Gk. Ouatav6s, Pleasant, T41olap6s, To The Phasis, From Pioisis. Name Of A River In ('olchis, Where The Birds Are Said To Have Abounded). A Large Group Of Handsome Gallinaceous Birds Of The Family Phasianiffie, And Especially Of ...
Phelps
Phelps, .toni Wolcorr An American Soldier, Born At Guilford Centre, Vt. He Graduated At West Point In 1536. And Soon Thereafter Participated In Campaigns Against The Creeks And Seminoles. During The Mexican War He Was Engaged In Several Of The Most Important Battles, And In 1550 Was Commissioned Of The ...
Phi Beta Fraternity
Phi Beta Fraternity. A Society Which Derives Its Name From The Initials Of The Three Greek Words Giq?iocroolaptcncu)seppons, (philosophy The Guide Of Life). It Was Formed At The Beginning Of The Revolutionary War (december 5, 17761, In William And Mary College, At Williamsburg. Va. It Is The Oldest Of The ...
Phigalian Marbles
Phigalian Marbles. The Seulptured Frieze Taken From The Interior Of The Cella Of The Temple Of Apollo At Phiealia, In Arcadia. In 1-;14, And Transferred To The British Museum. It Rep Resented The Contest Between The Centaurs And Lapiti:e And The Greeks And Amazons. The Temple Is Situated In The ...
Philadelphia
Philadelphia. The Chief City Of Penn Sylvania, And The Third City In Population And Importance Of The United States, Co-extensive With Philadelphia County, Having An Area Of Square Miles. It Is Situated In The South Eastern Corner Of The State. At The Confluence Of The Seimylkill With 11w Delaware, About ...
Philip Ii I527 98
Philip Ii. (i527-98). King Of Spain From 1556 To 1598. He Was Born At Valladolid On May 21, 1527, The Only Son Of The Emperor Charles V. (q.v.). Ms Education Was Chiefly In The Hands Of The Clergy And He Grew Up A Cold And Bigoted Man. In 1543 He ...
Philip Il
Philip Il (n.c. 382-336). King Of Mace Donia And Father Of Alexander The Great. He Was Born At Pella And Was The Youngest Son Of Amyntas Ii. And Eurydice. When A Youth He Was Taken By Pelopidas A Hostage To Thebes, Where Several Years. After The Murder Of His Eldest ...
Philip V
Philip V. (n.c. 237-179). King Of Macedo Nia, Son Of Demetrius Il And Grandson Of Anti Gonus Gonatas. Ile Succeeded His Uncle Anti Gonus Doson In 220. The First Part Of His Reign Was Disturbed By The Contentions Of The _etolian And Achxan Leagues; Taking Part With The Lat Ter. ...
Philip V 1683 1746
Philip V. (1683-1746). King Of Spain From 1700 To 1746, First Of The Spanish Bourbon Dy Nasty. Ile Was Directly Descended On Both Sides From Philip Ii.. And Was Born At Versailles. De Cember 19, 1683. The Son Of The Dauphin Louis And Maria Anna Of Bavaria, And Grandson Of ...
Philip Vi 1293 1350
Philip Vi. (1293-1350). King Of France From 1328 To 1350, The First King Of The House Of Valois. He Was The Son Of Charles Of Valois. Younger Brother Of Philip Iv. At First Regent Of France On The Death Of Charles 1v., The Proclamation Of A King Being Deferred On ...
Philip The
Philip The Goon Duke Of Burgundy From 1419 To 1467. He Was The Son Of John The Fearless And Margaret Of Bavaria. He Was Born At Dijon. June 13, 1396. And On The Assassination Of His Father On The Bridge Of Mon Tereau, Succeeded To The Duchy Of Burgundy. Bent ...
Philip The Magnanimous 1504 67
Philip The Magnanimous ( 1504-67). Land Grave Of Hesse From 1509 To 1567. He Was Born On November 13, 1504, And Succeeded To The Throne On The Death Of His Father, William Ii. In 151s He Began To Govern In Person. At First He Showed No Sympathy For The Lutheran ...
Philippine Islands
Philippine Islands. An Archipelago Forming The Most Northern Group Of Isl Ands In The Malayan Or Eastern Archipelago. It Lies Wholly Within The Tropics. The Land Sur Face Extends Between Latitudes 21° 10' And 4' 40' N., 1150 Statute Miles; The East And West Limits Are Longitude 116° 40' And ...
Philippine Languages
Philippine Languages. The Number Of Languages Spoken In The Philippine Islands Is Variously Estimated As From About 25 To Over 50. These Languages May Be Considered Under Two Heads: (1) The Languages Of The Negritos, Prob Ably The Remnants Of The Aboriginal Population, Who Live In Scattered Tribes In The ...
Philistines
Philistines (lat. Phi/istini. From Help. Pnishii, Philistine). The Designation In The Bible Of A People Who Lived On The Coast Of The :mediter Ranean. To The Southwest Of Judea. From Ekron Toward The Egyptian Frontier. With Their Eastern Limit At Beth-shemesh. Aside From A Few Notices In Assyrian And Egyptian ...
Philo
Phi'lo Judieriis (lat., From Gk.
Philology
Philology (lat. Philologia, From Gk. Cii‘xo)o-yia, Love Of Literature And Learning, Love Of Language And History, From 0/x0s, Philas, Dear + .x6-yos, Logos, Word). In Modern English Usage, The Science Of Comparative Linguistics. As Speech May Be Studied Either In Its Expression Or In Its Origin, Philology May Occupy Itself ...
Philopcemen
Phil'opce'men ( Lat., From Gk. Phi/opointen) (u.c. 252-183). The Most Illustri Ous Statesman And General Of Greece In The Period Of Her Decline, The Great Object Of Whose Life Was To Establish The Independence Of His Country On A Firm And Lasting Basis. He Was Horn At Megalopolis, In Arcadia, ...
Philosophers Stone
Philosopher's Stone, Tne. A Mysteri Ous Compound To Which Was Attributed The Power Of Transmuting Metals Into Gold Or Silver, And The Attempted Making Of Which Was The Chief .wcnpation Of Alchemists, At Least During The Middle Ages. In Reality It Bore No Resemblance To A Stone, Being More Properly ...
Philosophy
Philosophy (lat. Philosophic, From Gk. Rr Cisixococpia, Love Of Knowledge. From Cbtxciv, /ei,m, To Love ± Croota, Sophia, Wisdom, From Crocb6s, Sophos, Wise). A Term Originally Used, E.g. By Socrates, To Mean Devotion To The Pursuit Of Truth. In Plato It Came To Mean Knowledge Of Eternal Reality. Aristotle Employed ...
Philostratus
Philos'tratus ( Lat., From The Name Of Four Sophists Of The Roman Imperial Period. To Suidas The First Three Were All Natives Of The Island Of Lemnos. (1) The First Philostratus Lived In Nero's Reign (a.u. 54-68), The Only Extant Work Of His Is The Dia Loam. Nero, A Conversation ...
Phlebitis
Phlebitis (neo-lat., From Gk.c6x0, Phleps, Vein), Or Inflammation Of The Veins. Al Though Seldom An Original Or Idiopathic Disease. It Is A Frequent Sequel Of Wounds, In Which Case It Is Termed Traumatic Phlebitis, And Is Not Un Common After Childbirth. ( See Phlegm. Sia Alba Dolexs.) It Commonly Arises ...
Phlox
Phlox (lat., From Gk. 4)26e, Sort Of Flower, Hanle, From 02(.elp, Phhfu In. To Burn; Connected With Lat. Ilaarar,., To Born, Skt. Urn), To Shine Brightly). A Genii, Of Mostly Tall, Erect, Spread Ing Perennial Herbs Belonging To The Order Polemoniaeoe, Natives Of North America. The ?• • 119. Species, ...
Phocion
Phocion, F5'shi-un (lat., From Gk. 4'wsisv, Phok ) B.c. ) . An Athenian General. He Was Of Humble Origin, Hut Received A Good Edu Cation And Studied Under Plato And Xenocrates. His First Public Service Was Performed Under Chabrias At Naxos In B.c. 376. About 349 He Was Sent Into ...
Phocis
Pho'cis (lat., From Gk. Dkokis. Phokis). In Ancient Geography, A Division Of Northern Greeee. Bordered On The West By Ozolian Locris And Doris, On The North By Epicnemidian And Opuntian Lo Cris, On The East By Liceotia, A Ml On The South By The Gulf Of Corinth. The Greater Part ...
Phoenician Language
Phoenician Language. The Language Spoken By The Inhabitants Of Phoenicia. It Be Longed To The Hebnco-pluenieian Division Of The Semitic Family Of Languages, And Represents In General An Archaic Stage Of Hebrew And Moabitic, Although It Differs From The North Semitic Group In Certain Particulars, Such As Having Irvin. (like ...
Phonetic Law
Phonetic Law (gk. Owe-rem:6s. Phone'di Kos, Relating To Sound, From Owvi), Phone, Sound, Voice; Connected With Pl7nni, Lat. Fori, To Speak, 0110. Ban, Ger. Bonn. As. Lunn, Eng. Lan). In Comparative Linguistics, A Formula Which Sums Up A Certain Phonetic Eorrespondenee Or A Certain Number Of Such Correspondences. The Term ...
Phonetics
Phonetics. In Its Broadest Sense, A Study Of The Whole Range Of Sounds, Articulate, Musical, And Otherwise. It Is, However, Usually Confined To The Articulate Sounds Of Human Speech. Even In This Restricted Sense, It Is Still Broad Enough To Include The Subject Of The Purely Acoustic Or Mechanical Side ...
Phonograph
Phonograph (from Gk. ˘novh, P1/57itl, Sound, Voice 7pcioelv, Graphein, To Write). The First Mechanical Device For The Registering And Reproduction Of Speech Or Other Sound Was The In Vention Of Leon Scott, Known As The Phonauto Graph And Constructed In 1s55. It Consisted Sim Ply Of An Ellipsoidal Barrel. In ...
Phonology
Phonology. The Regular Interchange Of Cer Tain Sounds In The Different Languages Of The Indo-european Group Was Generally Postulated At An Early Period Without The Later Insistenee On The Necessity Of Regularity. At First It Seemed As If There Were Exceptions Which Could Not Be Ex Plained By Any Law. ...
Phosphates
Phosphates (from Phosphorus) (in Physi Ology). The Following Phosphates Play An Active Part In The Chemistry Of The Animal Body. Phosphate Of Coda Occurs In Three Forms.napo„ Na,epo,, And In Nati,pc).. Called Respeetiv(ly The Basic, Neutral. And Acid Salts. These Are All Soluble In Water. Fly Exposing The Second Of ...
Phosphorescence
Phosphorescence. It Has Been Observed That Many Bodies Continue To Emit Light In A Darkened Room After Having Been Exposed To Sun Light Or Some Other Strong Source Of Light. This Phenomenon Is Called Phosphorescence. Although The Name Is Evidently Derived From 'phosphorus,' It Should Be Noted That The Cause ...
Phosphorus
Phosphorus. One Of The Non-metallic Chemical Elements. It Was Discovered By Brand, A Hamburg Alchemist, In 1669, While Experiment Ing With Urine With A View To Preparing A Liquid For The Transfo•nmation Of Silver Into Gold. Kunekel, On Learning Of The Discovery, Without, However. Knowing The Method, Invented It Process ...
Photius
Photius, Flisiff-us (lat., From (1k. Curios) ( C.820-e.:401). Patriarch Of One Of The Greatest Theologians And Scholars Of The Greek Church. He Was A Member Of It Rmtrieian Family Of Constantinople. And During The First Period Of His Life Filled Various Important Public Offices. In S157 Bardas, Minister Of The ...
Photo Mechanical
Photo-mechanical Processes. By Which Photographic Impressions Could He Repro Duced By Mechanical Means. And So Used Directly On The Printing Press. Have Naturally Been Sought For, And Have Been Invented. Such Processes De Pend For The Most Part Upon The Action Of Light On A Gelatin Film Impregnated With A ...
Photograph Y In Law
Photograph Y In Law. The Courts Have Gen Erally Recognized That An Accurate Likeness Of An Object Or Place Can Be Reproduced By Means Of The Art Of Photography, And Photographs Are Now Often An Efficient Means Of Demonstrating A Fact In The Trial Of A Cause. They Are Admitted ...
Photographic Surveying
Photographic Surveying (from Gk. ˘7e, Phis, Light -1-- -yectoetv, Graphein, To Write). In Recent Times The Art Of Photography Has Found Its Way Into Surveying, An Ttpplieation Due Chiefly To The French. Its Advantage Was At Once Rec Ognized For Military And Topographical Purposes, But Its Usefulness For Accurate And ...
Photography
Photography. The Art Of Producing The Appearance Of Objects And Fixing Them By Means Of Light On A Previously Sensitized Surface. And The Reproduction Of The Image Thus Obtained, By Various Processes, On Glass, Paper, And Other Terials. The First Photographic Camera Was In Reality A Darkened Room To Which ...
Photometry
Photometry (front Gk. (pals, Ph6s, Light, Measurement, Front )serpov, Metron, Measure). The Science Of Comparing The Intensities Of Sources Of Light. It Is Impossible At The Present Time To Measure The Intensity Of A Source Of In Terms Of Any Absolute Standard. I.e. In Terms Of Watts; And Therefore It ...
Photophone
Photophone (from Gk. Of, Phos, Light Olovh, Idiom', Voice), Flanienone, Or Spectro Phone. Instruments In Which Radiant Energy In The Form Of Light Acts To Produce Sound Were De Vised By Prof. Alexander Graham Bell (q.v.) In Conjunction With Sumner Fainter. The Invention Of The Photophone Arose From The Employment ...
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis (neo-lat., From Gk. Cpt.7.)s, Plus, Light Synthesis, Tion). The Process By Which The Green Parts Of Plants Construct Carbohydrates Under The Influ Ence Of Light. Carbohydrates Are Substances Like Sugars, Starch, Etc., Which Serve As The Most Im Portant Foods, Both For Plants And Animals. The Materials Out Of ...
Phototaxis
Phototaxis (neo-lat., From Gk.i5cis, Plus, Light + Rcits, Taxis, Arrangement, From To Arrange). (1) Ln Animals, Control Of The Direction Of Locomotion By Light. Like The Uni Cellular Plants, The Protozoa As Well As Higher Animals May Migrate In A Direction Determined By That Of The Rays Of Light. According ...
Phototherapy
Phototherapy (from ( Cluis,phos, Light Oepavela, Th Era Pcia, Cure, From Deparetietv, Thera Peach', To Cure, From Oepcin-wv, Meru Attendant). Treatment Of Disease By Means Of Light. The Method Of Applying Light For Thera Peutic Purposes, Devised By Dr. Niels B. Finsen, Of Copenhagen, About Ism, Is Founded On The ...
Phrasing
Phrasing. The Proper Rendering Of Musi Cal Phrases. (see Pilltase.) A Musical Com Position Is Analogous To A Literary One, The Sen Tences Being Replaced By Phrases: Upon Their Cor Rect Interpretation Depends The Intelligible Pre Sentation Of The Whole Piece. One Of The Most Im Portant Elements Of Phrasing ...
Phrenology
Phrenology (from Gk. Thp0, Ph Ren, Heart, Mind + -nolda, Login, Account, From Xe-yeep, /eficin, To Say). The Theory That The Mind Con Sists Of A Number Of Independent Faculties, Each Of Which Has A Definite Localization In A Region Of The Brain Whose Size Is Indicative Of The De ...
Phrygia
Phrygia, Frij'i-h (lat., From Gk. .4>pir) (a). A Country In Asia Al Inor, The Extent And Boun Daries Of Which Varied Very Much At Different Pe Riods Of Ancient History. T )thrinally, The Boun Daries Toward The East Were The River Pal's And The Territory About !conjoin, Which Was The ...
Phrygian Language
Phrygian Language. The Native Lan Guage Of The Phrygians Is Known Partly Through Glosses Preserved By Ilesychius And Ether Lexi Eographers And Authors, Partly Through Inscrip Tions Found In The Territory Once Occupied By This People. Tombs With Inscriptions Were Discovered In The Valley Of [melt:min By Colimel Leake In ...
Phycomycetes
Phycomycetes, Filai-mt-se'tez (neo-lat. Nom. Pl., From Gk. Winos, Phykos, Seaweed + Paikns, Wykes. Fungus). A Group Of Plants Which Comprises, As The Name Indicates, Those Fungi Most Resembling The Algae. (see Fung1.) The Phyeomyeetes Include The Black Molds (mueo Certain Insect Parasites Entomophtho Rales), The Water Molds (saprologniales), And A ...