PINK'ERTON, ALLAN ( 1819-S4). A Seot tish-Ameriean detective, born in Glasgow. Scot land. In 1S-12 he emigrated to America to escape punishment for his part in the Chartist Move ment. and soon afterwards settled in Chicago, where he opened a detective ageney. Before the outbreak of the Civil War lie had become 11 idely known. and in 1861 lie guarded President Lin coln during, the latter's journey to \\ ashington for the inauguration. Soon afterwards he was commissioned to organize the Federal f':eeret Service D-partment, of which he was made the head. During all this time he eontinued his private detective agency in Chicago, and estab lished branch ageneies in other important cities. When the changed imdust rial conditions that fol lowed the war led to strikes and violence, he or ganized a force of armed men which he hired to employers and corporations for the protec tion of their property. This mercenary force. known as 'Pinkerton's Men,' played a ennspicu 011A part in some of the most important Libor disturbances of the last quarter century. notably
in the suppression of the Molly (q.v.) and in the Homestead strike. Among other mrN knuna eases with which Pinkerton was connected were the capture of the robber, who took s700; Ono from the Adams Express Company's safe on a NOV fork, New llama and Hartford Railroad train, on .fanuary 6, 1.866, :mid the dispersion of a gang of murderers who for a 11111111Wr of years terrorized all southern Indiana. Ile wrote sev eral books on subjects connected with his work, among them: 11 olly Ilaguins awl the Dc teeth's ( 1877) ; I'rttinol iaisvenees ( 1878) Thi Spy of 110 1,', 1,, Hum ( 1853 ) ; Thirty Years a D. I 158.11 : and History and Eridenecs of the Passaye of William Lincoln from Mr urah. Pa., to Washington. IL C., MI 1 he 22d and 2311 of 1.'t binary, I86 1 (1801).