ANDREA, Count (1764-1842), A diplomat in the Russian service. He was born at Alata Corsica, March 8, 1764, and studied law at the University of Pisa. He practised as an advocate in Corsica.and won a high reputation for acuteness and eloquence. He was on terms of somewhat intimate friend ship with the Bona partesuntil his association with Paoli (q.v.) estranged them. and this estrange ment became a positive antagonism. Pozzo repre sented Corsica in the French National Assembly (1791-92), and was one of the moderates. He returned to Corsica, where he again attached him self to Paoli's party; and on the failure of that chief's plans, retired to London. Here he became the agent of the French emigres; and in 1798 he went to Vienna to promote an alliance of Aus tria and Russia against France, and accompanied the Russian army in the subsequent campaign of 1799. In 1803 he entered the Russian service as a councilor of State, from this time devoting his whole attention to diplomacy. He was large ly concerned in the Russo-Austrian alliance, which was dissolved by the battle of Austerlitz (1805) ; but after the Treaty of Tilsit, fearing lest Napoleon might insist upon his surrender, he retired to Austria, from which Napoleon in 1809 demanded his extradition. The Emperor Francis refused; but Pozzo retired to England (1810), where he stayed for some time, and then returned to Russia. He was instrumental in bringing about the rupture between Alexander 1.
and Napoleon, and this was followed by the cam paign of 1812. He also brought about the defec tion of .Murat and Bernadotte from the Napoleonic cause; and after the victorious Allies had driven Napoleon across the Rhine, Pozzo, at the congress of Frankfort-on-the-Main, drew up the declara tion "that the Allies made war not on France, but on Napoleon." From this time his whole energies were devoted to the task of keeping Alexander inflexible with regard to Napoleon's seductive offers of accommodation; but after his old antagonist's downfall he exerted himself with equal vigor at Paris (where he signed the Treaty of 1815 as Rus sian Ambassador) and at the Congress of Aix-la Chapelle (1818) to ameliorate, as much as pos sible, the hard conditions imposed upon France. His presence in Paris as Russian Ambassador was exceedingly unnopular after 1830, and in 1834 he accepted the post of Russian Ambassador in London. He retired from public life in 1S39, and settled in Paris, where he died, February 15, 1842. His correspondence with Nesselrode (1814-18) was published with an introduction and notes by Count Charles Pozzo di Borgo in two volumes (Paris, 1890-97). Consult also: Maggiolo, Pozzo di Borgo (Paris, 1890) ; Vuhrer, Notice bio graphique cur lc comte Pozzo di Borgo (Paris, 1S42).