PSYCHOLOGY, ETHNIC, or ETHNOPSYCItOL ocr. A department of psychology as yet hardly susceptible of exact definition. We may describe it. provisionally. as the individual psychology of races, tribes, or peoples. While it seeks to analyze and depict the mental peculiarities of societies of communities, still it is not concerned, as is social psychology (q.v.), with the mental products of the common life of man; it seeks rather, by methods of statistical comparison and averaging, to construct the typical individual of the tribe or people under consideration, and thus to make clear his resemblances to and difference from the typical individual of the of descriptive and experimental psychology. Etlino psychology thus attempts the same problem in the sphere of racial types that ethology (in sense of the science of character) attempts in the sphere of the individual variations of human tendency and endowment (\Vundt). It stands to the physical and physiological parts of ethnology (ethnogeography, anthropometry, etc.) as psychophysies stands to physiology. Ethno psychology, as thus defined, forms, together with the histories of language, myth, and custom, the necessary propaaleutie to social psychology. Under its province would fall, e.g. an investiga tion of the keenness of perception (sight, smell).
or the xsthetic tastes, or the superstitious be liefs of the savage; a study of the relative parts played by reason and emotion in the and the Latin minds; a comparison of the minds of the Oriental and of the Occidental: inquiries varying in scope from the cleanly formulated questions of normal psychology to the widest generalizations of which the science of mind is capable, hut all aiming at a single indi vidual characterization of the mentality of a racial group. It must, however, be repeated that the term ethnopsychology has not hitherto found general acceptance, and that Inn n:v authors cuss topics like those just mentioned under the headings of anthropology, ethnology, and ology (qq.v.).
BIBLIOGRAPHY. For definition, Wundt, VolkerBibliography. For definition, Wundt, Volker- psychologie (Leipzig, 1901) ; for comparison of hunter, nomad, and agriculturist, Wundt, Ethics (London, 1897) : for a comparison of the Saxon and French minds, Le Bon, The Psychology of Peoples (Eng. trans., London, 1898) ; for an alysis of the love consciousness at different levels of mental development, Finck, Primitire Lore and Lore Stories (New York, 1899). Consult also: Tyhor, Anthropology (New York. I885) ; Spencer, Sociology (ib., 1885) ; id., Essays (ib., 1891).