PILOTY, KARL VON A German historical painter, famous for hay ing revived the color element in the modern German school of painting. He was born in NIunich. October 1. 1826. the son of the lithog rapher Ferdinand Pitidy (1786-1844 ). a Ild was first instructed by his father. Entering the Avademy at the age of twelve, lie was even then an excellent draughtsman. assisting his fattier, ?? hose lithographic business he managed after the father's death. Impressed by the coloring of the loaf:. of GtIlan and Iiiidce, exhibited at 31unich in 1813, lie made it study trip in 1847 to Votive. »bere Paul Veronese especially claimed his at tention. Ile also studied in Antwerp and Paris 1 s52), becoming thoroughly imbued with the spirit of the Belgian and French colorists, as is slam!) by his "Young Mother Dying" (1849), and The Nurse" (18.13). The latter, which was par Genially eommended for its brilliant technique a ml the realistic conception, foreboded a new era in the school of Alunich, then under the influence of cornctins's (q.v.) cartoon-painting. The suc cess of this 'denim brought him the commission to paint for the Maximilianoun "The Founding of the Catholic League in 1609" (1854). The go-at triumph achieved with his "Seni Before the Body of Wallenstein" (1855. New Pinakothek, Munich) led to his appointment as professor at the Aeademy in 18511. Ills reinarkable eareer as a traeher soon made the school of Munich the foremost in Germany. On a visit. to Italy in 1858 he made the studies for his "Nero on the Ruins of Rome" ( 1861. National Museum, Buda pest). Ills principal works during the next de cade include "Galilei in Prison" (1861, Cologne Museum). of Bouillon and the Crusad ers Approaching the 11 oly Sepulchre" ( 1862, Max imilianeum, Munich), and the "Death of Cresar" (1865, Hanover :Museum), which is considered his most perfect work as regards composition, Ile was called to Berlin in 1869, but was induced Ly the personal appeal of King Louis 11. to remain
in Munieh. and given the commission to paint "The Triumph of Germanicus" (1873, New Pin akothek), a replica of which is in the Metropoli tan :Museum, New York.
On the death of Kaulbaeh in 1874. Piloty was appointed director of the Academy, and soon after his appointment he began the huge allegorical painting of "Monachia" (completed 1879) for the new City Hall. Strangely conspicuous as his only biblical subject appears the parable of "Tim Wise and Foolish Virgins" ( 1881. :Metropolitan Muse , New York). His last works were "Under the Arena" (1883). "The Council of Three in Venice" (1885). and "The Death of Alexander the Great" (1886. National Gallery, Berlin), which lie left unfinished. succumbing to a painful dis ease at Ambach, on the Starnberger See, 21, 1886.
hrother FlatinNaNn (1828-95), born in 31unieh, studied under Sehorn at the Aeademy and worked subsequently under Karl's influenee. Ills name is favorably known through historical frescoes in the National Museum, Alunich, the town hall at Landsberg, and the castles of King Louis II. Among his oil paintings may be mentioned "Queen El izabeth 'Reviewing Her A rmy in Sight of the Armada" (Maximilianeum), and "Sir Thrilling :More in Prison Visited by His Daughter" (Wiesbaden Gallery). He also deserves notice as an illustrator for the Sehiller and Shakespeare Galleries. Consult: Rermet, .111in chewer Kfinstlerhilder, ii. (Leipzig, 1871) ; Peeht.
Deutsche Kfinstler des. W. Jahrhunderts, iii. (Nardlingen. 1881) ; Muther, in A //gen/eine drufsche xxvi, (1,cipzig, 1888) ; and Rosenberg, Gesehichic (hr modernen Kunst, iii. (0)., 1889).