QUATREMERE, kfil'teMar', ETIENNE MARC (1782-1857). A learned French Orientalist. born in Paris. He studied at the College de France under the celebrated Araldst Silvestro de Saey, and in 1807 was employed in the manuscript department of the l'ibliotbeque Implsriale. In 1809 he became professor of Greek in the College of Rouen, and in 1815 was elected a member of the French Institute. In 1819 he was called to the chair of Hebrew in the rollisge de France. and in 1838 was made professor of Persian in the school for modern Oriental languages. lie died at Paris. Quatremere's earliest works were devoted to Egyptian subjects. In his lb cherches critiques et historiques sal- lel 1?111.ente rt let lit r• rfl tare dr l'Eyypte (1808) he deninnstrated that Coptic is the true representative of ancient Egyptian. but he later declined to accept the of Chamilollion. and would never ad
mit that the Egyptian hieroglyphics could he read phonetically. His geographical and his torical works are of very great value, especially his Memoirrs geographiques rt historiques sin* l'Egypte his Histoirc des sultans mam 'oaks translated from the Arabic of Makrizi ; and his Histoirc des Mongols de In Terse (1836), from the Persian of Rashid-Eddin. Ile was the author of many valuable articles in the Journal Asiatiqur and the Journal des Sa rants, and he edited the Arabic text of the Prolegomena of Ibn-Khaldun (1S58). His Melanges d'hisloire et de philologie was published after his death by Barthelemy de Saint-Hilaire. Quatremere's litirary (45,000 volumes), his Arabic manuscripts, and his manuscript notes were purchased by the King of Bavaria ; they are now in the royal library at Munich.