QUEEN ANNE'S WAR. 'Fite name com monly given to that part of the struggle known as the War of the Spanish Succession which was fought in America. in America the war began in the fall of 1702 by an unsuccessful expedition from South Carolina against the Spaniards in Saint Augustine. In the north the brunt of the war fell upon New England. for, in consideration of the fact that the Iroquois promised to remain neutral, the French decided it would be wisest not to attack New York. At first the New Eng land Indians also promised Governor Dudley that they would remain neutral, but in a few weeks they broke their promise, and, in conjunction with the French, ravaged the whole New England frontier. On March 1, 1704, a party of French and Indians under Hertel de Rouville captured the town of Deerfield. killed about 50 of the in habitants, and carried 112 into captivity. In August, 1708, the town of Haverhill, on the Merrimac. suffered a like fate. The British col onists in 1704 and again in 1707 attempted, but without success, to capture Port Royal in Acadia. In 1709 a grand expedition against Canada was planned, but the non-arrival of an expected Eng lish fleet caused the plan to miscarry. In Sep tember of the following year six English vessels, with thirty from New England and four New England regiments, sailed from Boston. and after a short siege Port Royal was compelled to capitu late. In honor of the Queen the place was re named Annapolis. Encouraged by this victory, the English again planned the conquest of Canada. One expedition was to march from Albany and at tack Montreal; another and the more important, the nucleus of which consisted of fifteen English ships of war, forty transports, and seven battal ions of Marlborough's veterans, was to operate against Quebec. The fleet, reinforced by many
colonial vessels, sailed from Boston on July 30, 1711. but on the night of August 22d eight ves sels and about a thousand men were lost upon the rocks of the Egg Islands in the Saint Lawrence. Discouraged by this event, the incompetent com mander, Sir Hovenden Walker, gave up the at tempt, and the whole campaign ended in a mis erable failure. The remainder of the struggle was marked merely by border raids, and no im portant operations were undertaken by either side. In 1713 the War of the Spanish Sueces sion was brought to a close by the Peace of utrecht, but hostilities with the Indians con tinued for some time longer. So far as the terms of the treaty concerned North America, the French gave up the territory around Hudson Bay, and surrendered all claim to sovereignty over Newfoundland, although they retained the privilege of drying fish on the west coast. Acadia was also ceded to England, but the French were allowed to keep Cape Breton, with the right to fortify it. Consult: the Massachusetts Histor ical Collections; the Massachusetts Historical Society Proceedings: Church, Entertaining Pas sages (Boston, 1716) ; The Redeemed Captive (Boston, 1707; Northampton, 1853), by Rev. John Williams, one of the prisoners taken at Deerfield; Drake, The Border Wars of New Eng land (New York, 1897) ; and Parkman, A Half Century of Conflict (Boston, 1892; later ed. 1897).