Augereau
Augereau, 6zh'r6', 1'ieri1e Francots Charles, Duke Of Castiglione (1757-1816). A Marshal And Peer Of France. He Was Born At Paris, And After Some Time In The French Earabineers, Lie Entered The Neapolitan Service, In Which Lie Remained Until 1787, When He Settled In Naples As A Fencing-master. With Other French ...
Augier
Augier, Tvzhyti', Emile (1820-89). Prob Ably The Greatest French Dramatist Of The Nine Teenth Century. When Comedy Was In Danger Of Being Stilled Between The Vaudeville Of Scribe And The Sensational Drama Of The Ronianticists, He With The Younger Dumas, Raised It To A Mime Vigorous, Realistic Life. And A ...
Augsburg
Augsburg, Ougebvrk ( Lat. Augustus, The Roman Emperor Who Built It + Ger. Burg, Fort. Stronghold : Anc. Augusta Vindc/iroruni, Augusta Of The Vindelici). Capital Of The Bavarian Gov Ernment District Of Sualda And Neuberg, Situ Ated In Latitude 4s° 21' N., Longitude 10° 54' E., About 1625 Feet Above ...
Augsburg Confession
Augsburg Confes'sion. The Chief Cre Dal Statement Of Faith In The Lutheran Church. Its History Is The Following: With It View To An Amicable Arrangement Of The Religious Split That Had Existed In Germany Since 1517. Charles V., As Protector Of The Church, Had Convoked A Diet Of The Empire, ...
Auguries
Auguries And Auspices. These Terms Are Familiar To Every Reader Of Roman History, And Are, Besides, So Frequently Employed In Eng Lish In A Secondary And Metaphorical Sense, That A Vague Notion Of Their Original Is Caught Up Even By Those Who Know Nothing Of Classical Antiquities. As, However. The ...
Augusta
Augusta. A City, And The County-seat Of Riehmond County, Ga., On The Savannah River, At The Head Of Navigation. 231 Miles From Its Mouth : Latitude 33' 28' North, Longitude Si° 54' West ; 132 Miles By Rail Northwest Savannah; On Several Railroads, Among Them The Central Of Georgia, The ...
Augusta_2
Augusta. The Capital Of Maine. And The County-seat Of Kennebec County. It Is Situated Mainly On The West Bank Of The Kennebec River, 45 Miles From Its Mouth, 74 Miles Southwest Of Bangor, And 170 Miles From Boston (map: D 7). Augusta Is On The Maine Central Railroad, And Has ...
Auguste
Auguste, Ou-gaete, Victoria (1858—). German Empress And Queen Of Prussia. She Was Born At The Castle Of Dolzig, The Eldest Daughter Of Frederick, Duke Of Schleswig-11ot Stein-sonderburg-augustenburg, And Of Princess Adelheid Of Hohenlohe-langenburg. She Was Married To Prince William Of Prussia—after Wards William 11. Of Germany—february 27, 1881. She Is ...
Augustuss
Augustus's Band—better Termed The Augustan Band (gk. 27reipa 2€13acrri, Speira Rehash?, Lat. Cohors Augusto). One Of The Cohorts Of Provincial Troops Stationed In Syria During The Roman Rule. Designated Augusta As A Title Of Honor. It Did Not Belong To The Legion Ary Forces, Which Formed The Heart Of The ...
Aulic Council
Au'lic Council (lat. Milieus, Gk. Ai.(soc, Aulikos. From Gk. Aix11, Aub', Hall Court). One Of The Two Highest Mutts Of The Holy Roman Empire, Coiirdihate With The Imperial Chamber. It Was Created In 1501 By :maximilian 1., As A Rival To The Lniperial Chamber. Which The Diet Had Forced Upon ...
Aurelianus
Aure'lia'nus, Lucius Domitius ( E.212 275 A.d.). One Of The Most Powerful Of The Later Roman Emperors. Ile Was Of Humble Origin, His Father Having Been A Husbandman. Enlisting Early As A Common Soldier, He Rapidly Distin Guished Himself, And Held The Highest Military Offices Under Valerianns And Claudius Ii. ...
Aurelius
Aure'lius, Mancts, Surnamed Antoninus (a.d. 121-1801. A Roman Emperor. He Was Born At Rome, April 21. 121, The Son Of Annius Verus And Domitia Calvilla. His Original Name Was Marcus Annius Verne. (in His Father's Death, He Was Adopted By His Grandfather, Who Spared No Pains To Render Him Preeminent ...
Auricula
Auric'ula (lat. Dim. Of Auris, Ear, So Named On Account Of A Fancied Resemblance Of The Leaves To The Ears Of An Animal), Primula Anricula. A Plant Of The Same Genus With The Primrose, Little Grown In America. But Valued In England For The Fragrance And Beauty Of Its Flowers. ...
Aurifaber
Au'rifa'ber (lat. For Family Name Gold Sehmied). German Protestant Theologians And Reformers. (1 ) Andreas (1514-59). A Friend Of 11elanehthon: Born In Breslau. Ile Received The Degree Of M.a. At Wittenberg University In 1534. He Taught In The Philosophical Faculty; Then Was School Principal. He Took Up Medicine, And Was ...
Aurora Borealis
Aurora Bo'rea'lis (lat., 'northern Dawn Or Light'). A Luminous Phenomenon Seen During The Night Time In The Heavens, Most Fre Quently In Europe, To The North Of The Observer's Zenith, But Sometimes Covering The Whole Sky. By Connecting Together The Statistics From All Possible Observers, Fritz Was Able To Show ...
Aurungzebe
Aurungzebe, A'rung-zel,', Or Aurang Zib (hind., 'ornament Of The Throne'). The Last Great Emperor Of The Mogul Dynasty In India. Ite Was Born October 22, 16i5, And Died February 21, 1707. He Was The Third Son Of Shah Jehan (q.v.), And In Religion Lie Was A Bigoted Sunni. He Was ...
Auscultation
Aus'culta'tion (lat. Ausrultare, To Lis Ten). A Mode Of Exploration—by Listening—of The Condition Of The Heart, The Lungs, The Pleura, The (esophagus, Certain Arteries And Veins, The Abdominal Organs, The Gastrointestinal Tract, And The Gravid Uterus. Diseases, Especially Those Of The Heart And Lungs. May Be Detected By Listen Ing ...
Ausonius
Auso'nius, Decimtos (e.310-394 A.d.). The Most Conspicuous Roman Poet Of The Fourth Century A.d. He Was Born At Burdigala (bordeaux) About 310. His Father Was A Man Of Considerable Importance, Having Been At One Time Honorary Prefei-t Of 111yricum, And He Appears To Have Taken Care That The Young Au ...
Austerlitz
Austerlitz, Ous'or-mts ( `the East Town On The Littawa ;' From Ger. Ost, East). A Small Town In Moravia, About 12 Miles East-southeast Of The Town Of Briinn (map: Austria, E 2). It Stands On The Littawa, And Has A Population Of 1000. Austerlitz Is Celebrated As The Place Where ...
Austin
Austin. The Capital Of Texas, And County Seat Of Travis County, 186 Miles West By North Of Houston. On The North Bank Of The Colorado River. Which, In Its Lower Course, Is Navigable For Steamboats, And On The Houston And Texas Central, The International And Great Northern, And The Austin ...
Austin
Austin, Jonx (1790-18591. The Most Dis Tinguished Of English Writers On Jurisprudence. Lie Was Born At Creeting Mill, In Suffolk, Eng Land, On Slareh 3, 1790. At The Age Of 16 He Entered The Army And Served As A Subaltern In Sicily And Elsewhere For Five Years. Resigning His Commission, ...
Australia
Australia (neo-latin, Southland, From Lat. Australis, Southern). The Island-continent Lying To The Southeastward Of Asia And The East Indies. It Is Situated Wholly Within The Southern Hemisphere, Between Latitudes 10° 41' And 39° 11' S., And Between Longitudes 113° And 153° 40' E. It Is Irregularly Oval In Shape, With ...
Australian Federation
Australian Fed'era'tion. On Janu Ary I, 1901, The Five Australian Colonies Of Great Britain, Together With Tasmania, United To Form A Federal State Under The Name Of The Common Wealth Of Australia. The Movement Toward Fed Eration Had Its Beginnings Probably As Early As 1850, Though The First Step Toward ...
Australian Literature
Australian Literature. Australia Was Not Claimed For Great Britain Until 1770, And The First Settlements Were Penal. Then Followed The Sheep-farmers, And, On The Dis Covery Of Gold In Mi, A Horde Of Adventur Ers. By 1859. Australasia (australia, Tas Mania, And New Zealand) Consisted Of Seven Independent Colonies. The ...
Austria Hungary
Aus'tria-hun'gary, Or, Officially, Tire Monarchy (med. Lat. Aus Tria• From Ger. Oesterreich, Eastern Realm + Hun Gary). The Largest European Country After Russia And The Swedish-norwegian Monarchy. It Forms A Compact Territory In Southern Europe, Lying Between Latitudes 42° And 51° N. And Be Tween Longitudes 9° 30' And 26° ...
Auto Da Fe
Auto Da Fe, Omits Dii Fit (poling. Auto, Act. From Lat. Arias Da, Of The + Fly, Faith. From Lat. Fides, Sp. Auto Dr Le). The Name Given To The Procession Or Ceremony Which Used To Take Place In Spain And Portugal At The Exe Cution Of Those Condemned To ...
Autograph
Au'tograph (gk. Aiir6s, Autos, Self + Ypckseiv, Graphein, To Write). That Which Is Writ Ten In One's Ow/1 Hand. It Commonly Refers To The Signature. A Holograph Is A Writing Or Inscription Entirely In The Hand Of One Person. It Is Not Necessarily In Written Letters Or In Scribed Characters; ...
Autosuggestion
Au'tosugges'tion. Self - Suggestion; A Man's Acceptance. For Himself, Without Eommand Or Direction From Any Other Person, Of An Idea That Shall Presently Issue In Action. Autosug Gestion May Be Induced Voluntarily Or Involun Tarily—voluntarily, If We Fix Our Attention Upon The Idea In Question And Impress It On Our ...
Autrefois Acquit
Autrefois Acquit, Eite-fwiva'ke" (fr., Formerly Acquitted), Autrefois Convict, Kiiiv'vt" (fr., Formerly Convicted). The Common Law Names Of Pleas In Bar To A Second Indictment For An Offense Of Which The Defendant In A Crimi Nal Prosecution Has Previously (fr. Autrefois) Been Regularly Acquitted Or Convicted. It Is A Time-honored Principle ...
Auxanometer
Aux'anom'eter (gk. Atvveui, Auxanein, To Make Large, To Increase + I.lerpov, Victron, Measure). A Device For Observing Or Recording The Growth Of Plants During Intervals Too Short For Direct Measurement. The Simpler Forms Of The Auxanometer Consist Of A Very Light, Balanced Lever, Whose Fulcrum Is So Placed That The ...
Auxerre
Auxerre, O'sfir' (anciently, Autissiodo Rum). The Capital Of The Department Of Yonne, France, On The Yonne, 90 Miles Southeast Of Paris (map; France, K 4). It Was Originally The See-town Of A Bishop, But Its Bishopric Was Abolished By The Napoleonic C'oneordat, And Its Fine Episcopal Palace Is Used For ...
Avallon
Avallon, Et'va'rix' ( Anciently Aballo ) . The Capital Of An Arrondissement In The Department Of Yonne, France, 26 Miles Southeast Of Auxerre (map: France. K 4). It Is Built On A Steep Hill Of Red Granite, Nearly Surrounded By The Cousin. A Broad Terrace Walk, Shaded With Lime-trees, Extends ...
Ave Roma Inmortalis
A've Ro'ma In'morta'lis. A Work By F. Marion Crawford (1898) On Studies Of Rome. Averrots, A-ver'r6-ez (anu Witut) Mo Hammed Ibn Aiimed 113n Rosi1d) C.112g 98). A Famous Spanish-arabian Philosopher And Jurist, Born At Cordova. His Father And Grandfather Had Been Great Jurists. His Grand Father Wrote Works On Arabic. ...
Avenger Of Blood
Avenger Of Blood. In Primitive So Ciety, The Person, Usually The Next Of Kin Of The Murdered Man, Charged With The Duty Of Aveng Ing The Crime Of Murder By Slaying The Murderer. The Legal Recognition Of This Duty And Its Regu Lation By Law Are Really The Beginnings Of ...
Avenger Of Blood City
Avenger Of Blood; City Of Refuge.) The Right Of Asylum Originated In The Fiction Of Extra-territoriality (q.v.), Or The Extension By A State Of Its Territorial Jurisdiction By Its Lega Tions Into The Territory Of Another State, To The Exclusion, So Far As The Precincts Of The Legation Were Concerned, ...
Avicenna
Av'icen'na (ann Ali Al Hossein 113n Abdalla Ii Ibn Sina ) (980-0.1037). A Great Ar Abic Physician And Philosopher. He Was Born At Efsene, A Village In The Neighborhood Of Riokhara, In The Mouth Of Safar, In 950. His Father Held Office Under The Samanid Ruler. Null Ibu Manzur. Avicenna ...
Avignon
Avignon, Hat. Rcnio, Either From Arena, Oats, Or From Celt. Aron, Water. Re Ferring To The Rivers Surrounding It). A French Town And The Sent Of An Archbishopric In The Department Of Vaucluse, Of Which It Is The Capital. It Is Situated On The Left Bank Of The Rhone, On ...
Avogadros Rule
Avogadro's Rule. One Of The Funda Mental Principles Of Chemistry. It Is Usually Formulated As Follows: Under The Same Eondi Tions Of Temperature And Pressure Equal Volumes Of Gases And Vapors Contain Equal Numbers Of Molecules. It May Appear Strange, At First Sight, That An Idea Of This Nature Should ...
Avulsion
Avulsion (lat. A Vulsio, A Tearing Off, Fr. A, From + Rellere, To Tear Away). The Sudden Transfer By Natural Forces Of A Portion Of One Hum's Land To The Soil Of Another. The Term Is Applied As Well To The Result Of A Sudden Change In The Course Of ...
Axayacatl
Axayacatl, (alex., 'face In-the-water') ( ?-1477). An Aztec Chief, Styled In Contemporary Narratives, Emperor Of Mexico. Be Is Reported To Have Been The Father Of Atoll Tezuma, Whom Cortes Conquered. About 1467 He Led His Aztecs To The Conquest Of Tehuantepec, And Afterwards Crushed A Rebellion That Threat Ened His ...
Axiom
Axiom (gk. 6.;:iwpa, Axionia, That Which Is Thought Worthy, Fit, Self-evident). A General Statement, The Truth Of Which Is Accepted Without Proof. Plato Probably Limited It To Geometric Propositions, But Aristotle Applied It To State Ments Of A More General Nature. Euclid Fol Lowed Aristotle's Use Of The Term, Regarding ...
Axum
Axum, Alc-soi5m' (gk."a,cotaas, 'aueog.as, Ax Oum Is, Amromis, Lat. Auxamis). Once The Capital Of The Ethiopian Kingdom Of The Same Name, Now Capital Of The Modern Abyssinian Province Of Tigri. Situated In Latitude 14° 7' N., And In Longitude 38° 43' E. Even Before The Christian Era, Axum Seems To ...
Aymon
Aymon, A'mon. The Surname Of Four Brothers, Called Respectively Alard, Richard, Guiscard. And Renaud, Sons Of Ay111011. Or Hai Mon, Connt Of Dordogne, Who Figure Among The Most Illustrious Heroes Of The Chivalric Poetry Of The Middle Ages. The Story Belongs To The Cycle Of Romances In Which Charlemagne Is ...
Ayscue
Ayscue, Fiekii, Sir George ( 1616-71 ) . An English Admiral. Ile Was Knighted By Charles I., But Held No Command Until 1646. Two Years Later, The Neutrality Which The Navy Had Pre Served While The Civil War Raged On Land Ter Minated, And A Large Part Of The Fleet ...
Aytoun
Aytoun, N'tniin, William Edmonstou E ( 18134;5) . A Scotch Poet. Ile Was Born In Edin Burgh, Dune 21,1813. He Received His Education At The University There, And Was Called To The Scottish Bar In 1s40. In 1845 He Was Appointed Professor Of Rhetoric And Belles-lettres In The Uni Versity ...
Azalea
Azalea (gk. 4avos, Ar-aleos, Dry, So Called Because Supposed To Grow Best In Dry Ground). A Genus Of Plants Belonging To The Natural Order Erieaeem (heath Family). Some Botanists Unite The Genus Azalea To Rhododen Dron. One Of The Species Best Deserving Of No Tice Is Azalea Politica, A Shrub ...
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan, (anciently, Al Ro T Ene ) . (see .atropatene. ) The Most North Erly Province Of Persia, Bounded On The South By Persian Kurdistan And Irak, East By Gillian And The Caspian Sea, North By Russian Armenia, Awl West By Turkish Armenia And Turkish Kurdistan. It Has An Area ...
Azores
Azores, A-z6rz' (portug. Acores, So Called From Aeores, Hawks, Found There). A Group Of Islands In The Atlantic Ocean, Situated About 800 Miles West Of Portugal. To Which They Belong (map: Africa, B 1). They Extend Over 400 Miles, Front About Latitude 37° To 40' N., And Front Longitude 25° ...
Azurite
Azurite (from Its Azure Color). A Blue Basic Cupric Carbonate, Containing About 55 Per Cent. Of Copper, And Crystallizing In The Mono Clinic System. It Differs In Composition From Malachite Only By Containing More Carbonic Acid Mid Less Water. With The Blow-pipe, Azurite Gives A Metallic Bead, While It Is ...
Azymites
Az'ymites (it, A Priv. Mtn. Zynie, Leaven). The Opprobrious Name Given By The Eastern To The Western Church, Arising From A Difference About The Use, In The Lord's Supper, Of Leavened Or Unleavened Bread. Alichael Cikru Larius, Patriarch Of Constantinople ( 1043-1059 ) , Made This One Of His Counts ...
Baader
Baader, Bli'der, Benedict Franz Raver Von (1765-1841). A German Roman Catholic Theologian And Philosopher. He Was Born In Munich, March 27. 1705, The Third Son Of The Court Physician To The Elector Of Bavaria. His Elder Brothers Were Distinguished, Clemens As An Author And Joseph As Au Engineer . Franz ...
Baal
Baal, Ba'al. A Word Common To The Semi Tic Languages, And Signifying Owner Or Possessor. It Is Applied To The Ordinary Social Conditions. The Owner Of A House Or A Field Is Its Baal, And Similarly The Husband Is The Baal To His Wife. From Such A Usage The Term ...
Babism
Babism, A Term Applied To The Beliefs Of A Sect In Persia, Founded By Alirza Ali Aluhammad Ibn Radhik, Born About 1824. Who Assumed The Name Of Bab-ud-din, I.e. 'gate Of The Faith.' (in Returning From A Pilgrimage To Alec Ea, In 1843, The Bab Appeared In His Native City ...
Baboon
Baboon, Hfib-mte (of. Baboin, Fr. Babonin, Med. Lat. Baheteynus: Ef. Ger. Pavian: Origin Unknown). An African Or Arabian Eereopithecid Monkey Of The 'dog-faced' Genus Cymicephalus. Bah/ions Are Of Large Size, Covered With Long. Dark Hair, And Have Very Large, Brilliantly Colored Callosities Upon The Buttocks: But Arc Chietly Dis Tinguished ...
Babylon
Bab'ylon (gk. The Hebrew Form And General Designation Of The City In Mesopotamia, Which. From About B.c. 2300, Was The Capital Of The Country Known As Babylonia (map: Turkey In Asia, L 6). The Etymology Proposed For Babylon In The Eleventh Chapter Of Genesis Connects It With A Stem Signifying ...
Babylonia
Bab'ylo'nia. An Ancient Country In The District Of Mesopotamia, Included Between The Arabian Desert On The West, The Tigris On The East, And The Persian Gulf On The South, While The Northern Boundary, Never Definitely Determined, May Be Roughly Fixed Above The Point (near The Modern Bagdad) Where The Euphrates ...
Babylonian Art
Bab'ylo'nian Art. The Style Of Art Current In The Valley Of The Tigris And Euphrates, From The Beginning Of Historic Civilization Until The Time Of The Median Conquest, In About 500, During A Period Of 4000 Years Or More. Its Interest Is 'increasing From The Fact That It Ap Pears ...
Bacchus
Bacchus, Balekfis (gk. Dcbdxoc, Bukchos). Also Called Dionysus (gk. Atocerdoc, Dionysos) By The Greeks. A God Who Originally Belonged To The Great Group Of Vegetation-spirits, Whose Worship Was Widely Spread Among European Na Tions. As Such His Coming In The Early Part Of The Year Was Received With Joy And ...
Bacchylides
Bacchylides, (gk. Flatcxv Iicbie, Bakehylidps). A Greek Lyric Poet, Born At Lulls On Cells, At The End Of The Sixth Century, N.c., Who Flourished Between N.c. 490 And 460. He Was A Nephew And Pupil Of Simonides And The Rival Of Pindar, According To Well-established Tra Dition. He Lived For ...
Bache
Bache, Bnch, Alexander Dallas ( S06-67 ) . An American Physicist. Lie Was Born In Phila Delphia, And Was A Grandson Of Benjamin Frank Lin. Lie Graduated At West Point, In 1825, Be Came A Lieutenant In The Corps Of Engineers, And Remained Some Time At The Military Academy As ...
Bachelor Of
Bachelor. (of. Bachelcr, Fr. Boche/ier, It. Bacerllierr, Baeeelliero. Portug. Bgc Citor, All From Med. Lat. Buccalnrix, Laieralanus, A Holder Of A Small Farm Or Estate Called In Low Lat. Barealaria. The Latter Was Probably Derived From Low Lat. Lacey Fur Lat. Rucco. Cow, And Thus Meant 'grazing Land*). The Meanings ...
Bachelors Degree
Bachelor's Degree'. One Of The Oldest Of Academic Distinctions, The Exact Significance Of Which Has Varied In Different Countries And In Different Periods In The Same Countries. In Gen Eral, It Has Been Conferred At The Close Of The First Stage In A Liberal Education, And Is Supposed To Indicate ...
Backgammon
Back'gam'mon. One Of The Most Ancient And Widespread Dice Games, Of Which Three Schools Survive—the Russian, Turkish, And Eng Lish. It Is Sometimes Called, 'trie-trac,' Though This Is Properly A Distinct Variety Of The Game, And In England Was Formerly Known As 'the Tables.' The Word 'backgammon' Has Been As ...
Bacons Rebellion
Ba'con's Rebellion. An Uprising Of The Virginia Colonists, Particularly Of The Lower Classes, Tinder The Leadership Of Nathaniel Bacon (q.v.) Against The Colonial Authorities, Repre• Sented By Governor William Berkeley, In 1676. For Some Time Before, Taxes Had Been Excessive And Unfairly Distributed, And Colonial Commerce Had Been Greatly Hampered ...
Bacteria
Bacteria (plu•. Of \eo-lat. Bacterium-, Gk. Bak T Dimin. Of Loki Ron, Staff, Stick). A Name Applied To Vege Table Organisms—the Most Minute Organisms Known. Name Was Given To The First-dis Covered Of These Bodies Because Of Their Shape, But Is Now Used To Designate This Entire Class Of Organisms, ...
Bactria
Bac'tria. The Name Given In Ancient Times To A Province Or Country In Central Asia Extend Ing Northward From The Hindu-kush Mountains As Far As The River Oxus (amu Or Jihon), And Called Also Baetriana By Classical Writers. The Exact Extent Of This Land In Early Times Cannot Now Be ...
Bactrites
Bactrites, B5k-tri'tft (gk. Aceterpop, Bak Iron, Staff, Stick, In Allusion To Its Straight. Form Similar To That Of Baculites). A Genus Of Fossil Cephalopods Of The Order Ammonoidea, And The Only Member Of The Family Bactritidx. The Shells Are Straight, Very Slender, And Gently Tapering, With A Round Or Elliptical ...
Badia Y Leblich
Badia Y Leblich, Ba-d6':1 6 1:1-blech', Domingo (1766-181s), Known Also By The Name Ali-bei-el-abbassi. A Spanish Traveler. He Was Born At Barcelona, And Studied The Arabic Lan Guage, Physical Science, And Mathematics At Valencia. Partly Out Of Personal Curiosity And Partly As An Emissary Of The Spanish Government, He Determined ...
Baffins Bay
Baffin's Bay. A Gulf, Or Rather Sea, On The Northeast Coast Of North Ameriea, Extending Between That Continent And Greenland ; Latitudes Gs° To 78° N., And Longitudes 51° To 80° W. (map: North America, Al 2). It Is About 800 Miles Long, With An Average Breadth Of 280. Its ...
Bagdad
Bagdad (ar. And Turk. Bagh, Garden + Dad, A Monk Whose Cell Was Near The City; Or Pers. Bag, Russ. Bog, God + Dad, Lat. Flatus, Given). The Capital Of The Turkish Vilayet Of The Same Name, And Formerly One Of The Most Magnificent Cities Of The .mohammedan World, Situated ...
Bagehot
Bagehot, Bilyot, \valter (1826-77). An English Economist And Publicist. He Was Born At Langport, Somersetshire, February 23, 1826, And Was Educated At University College, London, Where He Won Distinction By His Work In Mathe Matics And In Intellectual And Moral Philosophy And Political Economy. Ile Began To Read Law, But ...
Bagnes
Bagnes. The Convict Prisons Of France. Serious Crimes In France Were, Till 1748, Pun Ished By Terms Of Service In The Galleys. In That Year These Were Abolished, And The Convicts Were Employed In Hard Labor In Arsenals And Other Public Works, And The Prisons In Which They Were Lodged ...
Bahia
Bahia, (sp. And Poring., Bay), Or Silo Salvador De La Bahia De Todos Os Santos. Capital Of The State Of Bahia, Brazil, The Second City Of The Country. And The Seat Of An Arch Bishop, Who Is Primate Of Brazil (slap: Bra Zil, K 6). It Is Situated On The ...
Bahrdt
Bahrdt, Hart, Karl Friedrich ( 1741-92). A German Theologian Of The Extreme Skeptical School. He Was Born August 25, 1741, At Bisch Ofswerda, In Saxony, And Studied At Leipzig, Where Lie Soon Displayed Extraordinary Talents, Together With Sonic Defects Of Character. His Early Theological Writings Betrayed The Skeptical Tendencies Which ...
Baikal
Baikal, Bi'161/ (turk.. Tatar Lai, Rich Kal, Kid, Lake, Sea ; Mongol, Dalai-nor, Holy Sea). The Third Lake In Point Of Size In Asia, And The Largest Fresh-water Lake Of The Conti Nent: Situated In The South Of Siberia, In The Government Of Irkutsk, On The Line Of The Si ...
Bail Of
Bail (of. Bailler, To Carry, Give, Deliver, From Lat. Baiulare, To Carry A Burden, From Bandits, Porter; Carrier). The Delivering Up Of A Person Under Arrest, Or Against Whom Personal Proceedings Have Been Instituted, To Accepted Sureties Who Give Security For His Appearance At The Proper Time Before The Court, ...
Bailiff Of
Bailiff (of. Bailiff, Fr. Bailli, Adminis Trator, Low Lat. Bailirus, From Lallans, Carrier, One Who Carries Burdens, Takes Charge Of ). An Officer Exercising Superintendence On Behalf Of Some Superior Authority. Through All The Changes Of Application The Word Has Undergone In The Course Of History, It Has Denoted An ...
Bailment
Bailment (for Derivation, See Bail). A Delivery Of Something Of The Nature Of Personal Property By One Party To Another, To Be Held According To The Purpose Or Object Of The De L'y, And Returned Or Delivered Over When That Purlalsp Is Accomplished. The Party Delivering Is Termed The Bailor, ...
Bain
Bain, Ban, Alexander ( 1s18-190:3). An Eng Lish Psychologist. Be Was Born At Aberdeen, Scotland, And Studied At Mnrischal College, From 1836 To 1840, Obtaining The Degree Of Ala. He Taught Moral And Natural Philosophy At This In Stitution From 1841 To 1845, And Afterwards Be Came Successively Professor Of ...
Bainbridge
Bainbridge, William ( 1774-1833 ) . An American Naval Officer. He Was Born At Prince Ton, N. ,t., Entered The Merchant Marine At The Age Of Fifteen, Became Captain Of A Merchant Man Four Years Later, And In 1796, While In Com Mand Of The Hope, Was Attacked By And ...
Baird
Baird, Sir David (1757-1829). A British General. Ile Was Horn December 6, 1757, At Newbyth, Scotland. He Was Left Fatherless At An Early Age. His Mother Procured His Entry To The Army In 1772, As Ensign In The Second Foot. And He Joined His Regiment At Gibraltar In 1773. In ...
Bait Fishing
Bait'-fishing. The Second Great Subdivi Sion Of Angling, Which Is Again Divisible Into Fresh-water Fishing And Salt-water Fishing. For Bait-fishing A Stiff Rod Is Required, Varying In Length And Strength, As Must The Line, With The Size And Nature Of The Fish. In Fresh-water Fishing, The Bait Generally Is Sunk ...
Bajus
Ba'jus, Micinael—properly, De Bay (1513 89). One Of The Most Distinguished Theologians Of The Roman Catholic Church In The Sixteenth Century. He Was Born In 1513. At Melin, Hainaut. He Studied At Louvain, And Became Doctor And Professor Of Theology There In 1550. He Was Pres Ent At The Council ...
Baker
Baker, Sir Samuel White ( 1821-93 ) An English Traveler, Explorer, And Sportsman, Born In London. He Studied In England And Ger Many, And In 1848 Established An Agricultural Colony At Newara Eliya, Ceylon, Where He Re Mained Until 1355, And Achieved Much Reputa Tion As A Hunter Of Big ...
Baku
Baku, Ba-k/ (a Corruption Of The Pers, Badkubu. Given To It On Account Of The Destruc Tive Winds Of That Region). The Seat Of Adminis Tration Of Russian Trans-caucasia And An Im Portant Seaport On The West Coast Of The Caspian Sea, On The Peninsula Of Apsheron (nap: Russia, G ...
Bakunin
Bakunin, Ba-kiain'ytu, Lincitan., (1814-76). A Russian Agitator And Writer. He Was A Mem Ber Of An Aristocratic Family, And After Serving In The Army From 1832 To 1538, Traveled In Germany, Where He Devoted Himself To The Study Of Philoso Phy. His Liberal Tendencies Had Become Marked Even Before He ...
Balaam
Balaam, Balam (heb., Destroyer). A Seer; The Hero Of A Remarkable Story Told In Connec Tion With The Early History Of The Hebrews, Which On A Critical Analysis Yields These Results: The Main Narrative Is To Be Found Num. Xxii. Xxiv., But Such References As Num. Xxxi. 8', 16, And ...
Balaklava
Balaklava, A Small Port In The Southwest Of The Crimea. It Is Separated By A Rocky Peninsula From The Harbor Of Sebastopol, From Which It Is About Six Miles Distant. The Harbor, Which Affords Secure Anchorage For The Largest Ships, Is Perfectly Landlocked, The En Trance Being So Narrow As ...