Barons Of Baltimore
Baltimore, Barons Of, Or Lords Balti More. The Title Of The Calvert Family In The Irish Peerage. Sir George Calvert, First Lord (c.15s0-1632). A British Statesman. He Was Born At Kipling, Yorkshire, And Graduated At Oxford In 1597. He Then Became Secretary To Sir Robert Cecil And Won The Esteem ...
Barracks
Barracks (fr. Baroque, It. Baracca, Sp. Bar•aca, A Tent; Origin Uncertain). A Permanent Structure For The Housing Of Troops. As Distin Guished From Temporary Cantonments Or Camps. In England The Practice Of Billeting Or Quarter Ing Soldiers On The Citizens Had In 1792 Become A Great Burden; Added To Which ...
Barrister
Barrister ( Earlier Harester, Int Rrustre, From Harre, Bar). The.distinctive Name By Which The Advocates At The English And Irish Bars Are Known. (see Bar.) They Are Admitted To Their (mice Under The Rides And Regulations Of The Inns Of Court, And They Are Entitled To Exclusive Audience In All ...
Barrois
Barrois, Bierwiv, Ell Arles (1851—). A French Geologist And Paleontologist. He Was Born At Lille, And Was Educated At The University There, Where He Afterwards Held The Chair Of Natural Sciences. He Had Charge Of The Official Geological Corps In Brittafiy, And Has Contributed Important • Papers Descriptive Of The ...
Barros
Barros, Biter6s. Arana Diego (1830-1. A Chilean Historian, Born At Santiago. Ile Was Forced By Ill-health, In 1849. To Abandon The Prac Tice Of The Law, For Which He Had Been Prepared. Gave Himself Up To Historical Studies, And Became Known As An Authority On The History Of His Country. ...
Barrot
Barrot, Licery, Camille Hyacinthe Odi• Lon ( 1791-1873). A French Statesman. He Was Born At Villefort, Lozere, July 19, 1791. In 1814 He Became An Advocate In The Court Of Cassation At Paris, Soon Acquiring A High Reputation As An Eloquent Pleader, Becoming One Of The Most Influential Leaders Of ...
Barrow
Barrow, Isaac (1630-77)- An Eminent English Theologian And Mathematician. He Was Born In London And Was Educated At The Charterhouse And The University Of Cambridge. Although Lie Acquired Fame In Several Distinct Lines, It Is As A Mathematician, Perhaps, That He Made His Greatest Success. Ile Was Appointed Professor Of ...
Barrow In Furness
Barrow-in-furness. A Seaport And County Borough In Lancashire, England, On The Southwestern Coast Of Furness Peninsula. On The Irish Sea (map: England, C 2). It Is S Miles Southwest Of Ulverston And 18 Miles Northwest Of Lancaster. Its Importance As A Great Manu Facturing Centre Dates From The Discovery In ...
Barrow_2
Barrow, Sir Jinx (1764-1848). An Eng Lish Traveler And Writer, Born At Ulverston. At An Early Age He Devoted Himself To The Study Of Mathematics And Astronomy. He Visited Green Land With A Whaler About 1784, And From 1786-91 Taught Mathematics At Greenwich. In 1792 He Received An Appointment As ...
Barrows Samuel June
Barrows. Samuel June (1845—). An American Author And Philanthropist. He Was Horn In New York City, May 26, 1845. After Finishing His School Days Ile Learned Telegraphy And Shorthand And Became A Newspaper Reporter. From 1867 To 1869 He Was Secretary To William H. Seward; In 1870 And 1871, In ...
Bartolommeo
Bartolommeo, Bliet8elom-ma'6, Fra (1475-1517). One Of The Principal Painters Of The Florentine Renaissance. The Son Of A Sculptor, He Was Born Near The Gate Of San Piero Gattolino, Whence, Before Becoming A Friar, He Was Called Baecio (bartolommeo) Della Po•ta (gate). On The Advice Of Benedetto Da Majano, Who Discovered ...
Baruch
Baruch, Boor: Of. An Apocryphal Book Of The Old Testament, Embodied In The Septuagint (i.e. Greek) Translation, Where It Is Placed Be Tween Jeremiah And Lamentations. While Claim Ing To Be The Work Of Jeremiah's Secretary, It Is In Reality A Composition Due To Several Writers, Perhaps As Many As ...
Barye
Barye, Il'rg, Antoine Lows (1795-1375). A Celebrated French Sculptor. He Was Born In Paris, September 24, 1795. He Inherited His Artistic Gift From His Father, Who Was A Proficient Silversmith From Lyons. He Began His Practice Of Art By Working With An Engraver And A Gold Smith. He Was Conscripted ...
Basalt
Basalt' (lat. Basaltes, An African Word). A Volcanic Rock Of Basic Composition, Character Ized By A Porphyritic Texture, And Having Generally One Or More Of The Feldspathoid Min Erals, Lime-soda Feldspar. Nephelite, Or Leucite, Associated With Pyroxene Or Hornblende, And Magnetite Or Ilmenite; Frequently Also With Oli Vine. According As ...
Base
Base, Has ( Fr. And It., From Lat. Basis, Gk. Haver, Basis, A Stepping, Step). In Architecture, The Foot Or Lowest Part Or Division Of Any Archi Tectural Construction, Such As A Wall, Pier, Or Col Umn. We Speak Of Base-molding, Base-course, Base-block, To Designate Different Parts Of A Base. ...
Base Of Operations
Base Of Op'era'tions. The Base Or Point From Which Active Operations Against An Enemy Are Directed Or Organized, And From Which Are Issued Such Stores And Munitions Of War As May Be Required By The Force Whose Base It Is. In Countries Sparsely Populated, Armies—and Particularly The Invading Army—must Be ...
Baseball
Baseball' (named From The `bases': See Below). An American Field-game, Which Derives Its Origin From The Old Schoolboy Game Of 'round Ers.' It Has Been Known In Various Forms In The Eastern States For Nearly A Century; But It Is Only Within The Past Forty Years That It Has Come ...
Basedow
Basedow, Blifze-da, Or Bassedau, Johann Bernhard, Often Called Bernhard Von Nordaliiingen (1723-90). A German Educa Tional Reformer Of The Eighteenth Century. He Was Born At Hamburg. And Studied Philosophy And Theology At The University Of Leipzig. He Became Professor Of Moral Philosophy In The Academy Of Sorb In Denmark. In ...
Basel
Basel, Bii'zel, Or Bale, Hal (anciently, Ba Silic, Royal Residence, From Gk. Pacraft5s, Basilens, King; Basula In The Middle Ages). The Capital Of The Half-eanton Of Basel-stadt. Switzerland; Lying On Both Sides Of The Rhine, Near The North Ern Boundary Of Switzerland (map: Switzerland, B I). The City Is Situated ...
Bashi Bazouks
Bashi-bazouks, Brish'i-ba ( Turk. Bash I, Head, Head-dress, Appea Ranee+ Bozug, Spoilt, Disorderly, From Boz, To Spoil, Damage, Destroy). Turkish Irregular Troops; Natives Chiefly Of The Wretchedly Governed Pashalies Of Asiatic Turkey, And Possessing The Worst Reputation Of Any Body Or Class Of Fighting Men In The World. They Are ...
Basidiomycetes
Basid'iomyce'tes (basidium, See Below + Gk. /415kntes, Mushrooms, Fungi). Probably The Largest Of The Great Groups Of Fungi In Number Of Species. It Includes The Smuts (ustilaginales), The Numerous Rusts (iiredinales), And The Immense Assemblage Of Forms Called Mushrooms, Toadstools, Bracket Fungi, And Puffballs, Besides Many Smaller Groups. The Higher ...
Basil The Great
Basil The Great (c.330-379). Bishop Of Caesarea In Cappadocia, Founder Of Eastern Monasticism, Theologian, And Doctor Of The Church. He Was Born At Cresarea, Of Christian Parentage, About The Year A.d. 330, And Died There. January 1, 379. Lie Is Often Grouped With His Brother, Gregory Of Nyssa (q.v.), And ...
Basilica
Basilica (lat., From Gk. Gacroux7j, Royal, Soil. Croci. Rton. Porch). The Large Col Onnaded Building Used By The Romans As Part Of Tlieir Forums For The Transaction Of .business And Legal Affairs: Also The Common Type Of The Early Christian Churches. The Name Seems To Be Greek. But The Earliest ...
Basilides
Basilides. (gk. Lia Sileid Es) . A Famous Gnostic Christian Of Dria, Who Flourished During The Reign Of Hadrian (a.d. 117-138). Few Details Of His Life Are Known. We Are Told, On Doubtful Authority, That. He Was A Pupil Of The Heretical At. Antioch, And That He Taught In Persia, ...
Basin Of
Basin (of. Basin., From Llat. Bachinus, From Lucca, Water-vessel). In Geology And Hydro Graphy, A Depression Of The Earth's Surface, Or Of The Strata Constituting The Crust Of The Earth, Also The Drainage Area Of A River System. Basins Originate In Several Ways, And May Be Grouped Under Two General ...
Basket Ball
Basket Ball. A Game That May Be Played On Any Ground Or Floor On Which An Oblong Space Not Exceeding 3500 Square Feet Can Be Marked. The Goals, At Each End Of The Floor Or Field, Are Hammock Nets Of Cord, Suspended From Metal Rings 18 Inches In Diam Eter ...
Basket Fish
Bas'ket-fish'. A Group Of Echinoderms Of The Same Class (ophiuroida) As Brittle-stars, Hut Of The Genus Astrophyton, Characterized By (hello Tomously Branched Arms. In Some Species So Numerously Subdivided That When They Are Curled Up The Creature Seems Inclosed In A Basket. The Five-sided Disk Varies In Size With Age ...
Basnage De Beauval
Basnage De Beauval, 1»i'ri5zlil De Iv V111', Jacques (1653-1723). A French Statesman And Writer On Theology; The Most Distinguished Of A French Family Known As Supporters Of The Protestant Canse. He Was The S011 Of Henry Basnage (1615-95), An Able Advocate In The Par Liament Of Normandy, And Was Born ...
Basque
Basque (fr. Biscayan, Lat. Vasrones, Whence Fr. Ouseons, Med. Lat. Biscaini, Basque Euskaldun Or Eskalkun). An Isolated Language Of Southern France And Northern Spain, Of Entirely Unknown Affinities, Spoken By About 440,000 Persons. It Is Most Plausibly Supposed To Be The Sole Representative Of The Ancient Ibe Rian Languages, Which ...
Basque Provinces
Basque Provinces. A District In The Northern Part Of Spain, Comprising The Prov Inces Of Vizcaya (biscay), Guipazeoa, Alava, And A Portion Of Navarre, Which Constituted The Ancient Cantabria. The Total Area Of The Dis Trict Is About 7000 Square Miles. The Surface Is Very Mountainous, Particularly In The Prov ...
Basque Race
Basque Race. The Basque Race Is Not Confined To The Basque Provinces Or To The Southern Side Of The Pyrenees. On The French Side Of The Pyrenees Three Cantons Of The Depart Ment Of Basses Pyri;mles, I.e. Labourd, Basse Navarre, And Soule, Are Inhabited By Basques, Who, Though They Retain ...
Bass
Bass, Hits (originally Barse, As. Baers, The Perch). The Name Of Many Fishes, Chiefly And Most Correctly Applied To Those Of The Perciform Families Serranida' And Centrarehidie. The For Mer Family Include The Salt-water Bass, Repre Sented Typically In Europe By The Sea-perch (morons Labrax, Formerly Called Labrax Lupus), To ...
Bass Strait
Bass Strait. The Channel Separating Tas Mania From Australia (alap: Australia, G 6). It Is About 1s5 Miles Long And From So To 150 Miles Broad, And Contains Many Small Islands. The Name Of The Strait Is Derived From That Of Dr. George Bass, Who First Proved That Tas Mania ...
Bastard Of
Bastard (of. Bastard, Fr. Botard, Prob Ably From Llat. Bastum, Of. Bast, Fr. Bat, Pack Saddle; Equivalent To Of. Fils-de-bast, Son Of A Pack-saddle, Bastard, Referring To The Use Of Pack-saddles As Beds In Taverns, By Muleteers). An Illegitimate Child, One Neither Begotten Nor Born In Lawful Wedlock; Specifically, One ...
Bastian
Bastian, Hiis'te-an, Adolf (1826—). A German Traveler And Anthropologist. He Was Born At Bremen, June 26, 1826, And Was Edu Cated As A Physician, Studying At Berlin. Heidel Berg, Prague, Jena, And Wiirzburg. His Author Ity As An Anthropologist Rests Upon An Immense Storehouse Of Facts, Gathered During A Series ...
Bastien Lepage
Bastien-lepage, Bustyiin' Av. Jules (1848-84). A French Painter. Ile Was Born At Damvillers, November 1, 1848, And Died In Paris, December 10, 1884. His Bent Toward Art Began In His Early Years, And At The Age Of Five Lie Would Copy Things By The Wayside. This Tendency Was Further Developed ...
Bastille
Bastille, Lxis-tel' (fr.. Fortress, From Of. Bastir, To Build). A Name Originally Applied In France To Any Building Constructed Of Masonry, With Towers Or Bastions Adapted For Defense. These Fortresses Were Once Very Numerous, Espe Cially At Paris; But Cardinal Mazarin, As A Part Of His Anti-feudal Policy, Allowed Only ...
Bastion
Bas'tion. A Tower Or Projecting Portion Of The Walls Of A Fortification, And The Most Im Portant Part Of The Fortifications Of The Eneiente. (q.v.) The Rampart Forming A Bastion Is Con Structed As If On Four Sides Of A Pentagon, Two Of Which (called The Faces) Form An Angle, ...
Basutoland
Basu'toland. A British Crown Colony Of South Africa, Situated Between Orange River Colony, Natal, And Cape Colony, Covering An Area Of Nearly 10,300 Square Miles (map: Cape Colony, M 6). It Has An Elevated Surface And A Very Rich Soil, Being Considered One Of The Best Grain-producing Countries In South ...
Batavia
Bata'via (batavia, 'good Land.' The An Cient Name Of Modern Holland, The Motherland Of The City In Java). The Capital And Chief City Of The Dutch East Indies. It Is Situated On The Northern Coast Of Java. In Latitude 6° 7' S. And Longitude 106° 50' E. (map: East India ...
Bath
Bath Bath. By Bathing Is Usually Under Stood The Immersion Of The Body, Or A Part Of It, In Water. In A More Extended Signification, It Means The Surrounding Of The Body With Any Medium Differing In Nature Or Temperature From Its Usual Medium; Thus We Speak Of A Vapor ...
Bath Kol
Bath'-kol' (tleb., Daughter Of The Voice, From Bath, Daughter + Ko/, Voice). An Expres Sion Which Signifies Simply A Sound, And Which Is Also Used To Designate An Echo. Its Specific Application, However, In Rabbinical Theology Is To A Manifestation Of The Divine Will By Means Of A Voice Distinctly ...
Bath_2
Bath, Btith (celt. ('acr-badon, City Of Baths, As. Lathan, Bath Um, Short For Cct Thorn &hunt Bathum 'at The Hot Baths'; The Roman Aqua? Solis, 'baths Of The Sun'). The Chief City Of Somersetsbire, England, Beautifully Situated In A Wooded Valley, Inclosed On The North And East By Is High ...
Bathgate
Bathgate, Bathigat. A Town In The Centre Of Linlithgowshire. Scotland, 17 Miles West Southwest Of Edinburgh. The Old Town Lies On A Steep Slope, And The New On A More Level Site. The Celebrated Gas-coal Called Torbanehill Min Eral Is Worked Here. Bathgate Has Paraffin And Paper Works, But Mining ...
Bathometer
Bathometer, Gk. Pctoos, Bathos, Depth + Tarpov, Met Ion, Measure). An Instrument In Vented By C. Williams Siemens, For Indicating The Depth Of The Sea Beneath A Passing Vessel. The Density Of Sea-water Is About 1.026, While That Of Solid Earth Or Rock Has An Average Of About 2.75. Hence, ...
Bathory
Bathory, Bli/t6-0. A Noble Family Of Hun Gary. Stephen Bat1101zy (born 1522) Was Elect Ed Prince Of Transylvania In 1571, And King Of Poland In 1575. Be Married Anna. Sister Of The Last Of The Jagellons Of Poland. Ile Intro Duced Reforms In The Administration Of Poland, And Waged War ...
Baton Rouge
Baton Rouge, Bfitfon 1-7•5zh (fr., Red Baton Or Stick). The Capital Of Louisiana, 89 Miles By Rail Northwest Of New Orleans, On The Eastern Bank Of The Mississippi, And On The Yazoo And Mississippi Valley And The Texas And Pacific Railroads (map: Louisiana, D 3). It Is A. Picturesque City, ...
Battaks
Battaks, Blit'taks, Or Battas, Biit'taz. The Natives Of The Northern Interior Of Sumatra. Physically They Are Somewhat Darker, Taller, And Stronger Than The Coast :malays, And Are Mesocephalic In Head-form. One Of The Most Individual Of East Indian Peoples, They Present Marked Contrasts Of Culture And Seeming Sav Agery. A ...
Battalion
Battalion (fr. Bataillon For Derivation, See Battle ) . Infantry. A Separate Body Of Men With A Distinct Organization, And Generally The Unit Of Command In The Organization Or Manmu Vring Of An Army. Originally The Battalion Was Supposed To Comprise The Largest Number Of Men, Who, When Drawn Up ...
Battery
Battery (fr. Bat Teric, Front Bat Tee, Lat. Baincre, To Batter, Beat). A Term Pertaining To The Artillery Arm Of The Military Service. A Number Of Guns Or Heavy Ordnance Mounted For The Defense Of A Fortified Place Would Receive The Collective Title Of Fortress Battery. Groups Of Guns Used ...
Batthyanyi
Batthyanyi, Bovyli-nye. A Celebrated Hungarian Family. It Traces Its Origin Back To A Companion Of Arptid, The Magyar Invader Of Hungary (about 894). It Has Given To Hungary Many Warriors And Statesmen. The Surname Is Derived Front Lands Obtained In The Fourteenth Century. Francis Battiiyanyi (died 150d) Distinguished Himself At ...
Battle
Battle (fr. Bataille. From Lat. Batucre, To Beat, Strike). An Engagement Or Combat Be Tween Opposing Military Bodies. All Strategic Operations In War Must Culminate In The Battle, For That Alone Can Give Them Significance. Whether A Commander Will Attack Or Fight A Defensive Battle Depends On The Previous Stra ...
Battle Creek
Battle Creek. A City In Calhoun County, Mich., 121 Miles West Of Detroit; At The Eontluence Of The Kalamazoo River With Battle Creek. And On The Central, The Chicago And Grand Trunk, And The Cincinnati Northern Railroads (map: Michigan, 11 6). It Contains A Public-school Library (16,500 Vols.), Which Occu ...
Batu Khan
Batu Khan, ( Y -e.1255). The Leader Of The Mongols In Their Invasion Of Eu Rope In The Thirteenth Century, Grandson Of Genghis Khan And Nephew Of Ogotai Khan. Given Command In 1235 Of The :mongol Army Destined Against Europe, He Marched Westward, Crossed The Volga River. And Dividing His ...
Baumgarten Crusius
Baumgarten-crusius, Bourn/or-ten Kri'vze-us. Ludwig Friedrich Otto ( 17ss- 1843) • A Berman Theologian. He Was Horn At Merse Burg, July 31, 1758, And Died At Jena, May 31, 1843. He Studied Theology At Leipzig, And In 1810 Became University Preacher. In 1812 He Was Appointed Professor Extraordinary Of Theology At ...
Bauxite
Bauxite, Boks'it (from Balls; See Below). The Must Important Ore Of Aluminum, A Hydrate Having The Composition Though Most Occurrences Contain Also Some Silica, Iron Oxide, And Titanium. The ()re Occurs In Rounded Grains, In Pisolitic Or Claylike Masses. The Grains Usu Ally Show A Concentric Structure And A Variable ...
Bavaria
Bava'ria (ger. Bayern). A Kingdom And One Of The Constituent States Of The German Em Pire, The Largest In Area And Population Next To Prussia. The Grand Dimity Of Hesse Divides Bavaria Into Two Unequal Parts. The Eastern And By Far The Larger Part, Is Bounded By Austria Hungary On ...
Bayadere
Bayadere, B5'yei-der', Or Bayadeer (from The Port. Bailadeiria, Through The Fr. Bayurvere. Dansense, Dancing Girl; Cf. It. Wwi Tare, To Dance, Engl. Ballet). A Name Frequently Used By Europeans To Denote The Dancing Girls And Singers Of India. The Title Is Especially Ap Plied To The Women Connected With The ...
Bayle
Bayle, Wal, Pierre (1647-1706). A French Philosopher And Critic. He Was The Author Of A Famous Historical And Critical Dictionary (dirtionnaire Historique Et Critique), Which Passed Through Eight Editions In 40 Years (1697, 1702, 1715. 1720, 1730, 1734, 1738, 1740), And Was Twice Translated Into English (1709, 1734-41 ). He ...
Bayonet
Bayonet (fr. Baionnctte, Bayonnette. First Made In Bayonne, France). A Short, Dagger-like Weapon Of 'steel, Constructed So That It May Be Fixed At The End Of The Rifle-barrel, To Which It Is Attached By A Strong Spring-clasp, Usually Se Cured To The Block Of The Foresight. When Not So Fixed ...
Bayreuth Musical Festival
Bayreuth Musical Festival. The Festival Theatre Of Bayreuth Has Been Described As The Musical Shrine Of Richard \vaguer. The City Itself Is The Capital Of The District Of Up Per Franconia, Bavaria, And Is Situated On The Red Main. The Building Of The Festival Theatre Had Been The Dream Of ...
Beach Plants
Beach Plants, 'idled Strand, Shore, Or Littoral Plants. Plants That Grow Above The Waterline Along The Shores Of Oceans Or Great Lakes. They Form One Of The Edaphic Groups Of Xerophytes (q.v.). The Beach, As The Term Is Here Used, Is Composed Of Sand Or Gravel. And Is Essentially A ...
Beacon Me
Bea'con (me. Beken. As. Baleen, Bfren, Ger. Bake ; Cf. As. Beacnian, Engl. Beck, Beckon, To Make A Sign). Any Signal Set Upon A Height, But Especially The Alarm-fires At One Time Used To Spread The Intelligence Of Foreign Invasion Or Other Great Event. These Fire-signals Were In Use In ...
Bead
Bead. A Variety Of Personal Ornament, Made Of Various Materials. As Glass, Pottery, Metal, Bone, Ivory, Wood, Jet. Amber, Coral. Etc.. And Per Forated So That It Can Be Strung On Threads And Made Into Necklaces, Bracelets, Rosaries. Etc., Or Worked On Cloth As A Kind Of Embroidery. The Use ...
Beam As
Beam (as. Bedm. Ger. Baum, Tree). In Engineering And Architecture, A Long Piece Of Wood, Stone, Or Metal Used In A Horizontal Posi Tion To Support A Weight. Timber Beams Are Usu Ally Rectangular In Section, And May Consist Of One Large Piece Of Timber Or Of Several Smaller Pieces ...
Bean
Bean. An Annual Plant Of The Order Legu Minosse; Widely Cultivated For Its Seeds (beans) And Pods, Which Are Used As A Food For Both Man And Animals. The Whole Plant Of Some Species Is Frequently Grown For Forage And Green Manuring. The Broad Bean Mein Faba) Is The Common ...
Beard
Beard. The Hair Which Grows On The Chin And Cheeks Of Men. The Beard Is The Distinctive Sign Of Manhood, Although Exceptional Instances Occur Of Women With Beards Equal To Those Of Men. The Presence Of The Beard Is An Ethnolog Ical Characteristic: It Is Found Especially Luxu Riant Among ...
Bearing
Bearing. In Navigation And Surveying, The Direction Of An Object With Respect To The Position Of Some Other, Or To The Direction Of An Assumed Point Or Line. As Observed From A Ship Objects Are Said To Hear Ahead, Astern, Abeam When They Are Directly Ahead, Directly Astern, Or At ...
Beating The Bounds
Beat'ing The Bounds. The Popular Expression In England For The Periodical Surveys Or Perambulations By Which The Ancient Boun Daries Of Parishes Are Preserved. Formerly The Ceremony Took Place Annually, But Now It Is Ob Served Less Often. The Procedure, According To Common Custom, Is In This Wise: On Itoly ...
Beaton
Beaton, 1wton, Scot. Pron. Beton. Or Beth Une, Da Vid (1494-1546). A Cardinal And Primate Of Scotland, Noted For His Opposition To The Reformation In That Country, And For His Persecution Of Protestants. He Was Born In Fife And Became A Student At Saint Andrews Univer Sity, Afterwards Studying Canon ...
Beattie
Beattie, Ba'te, •ames (1735-1803). A Scottish Poet And Moral Philosopher. He Was Born October 25, 1735, At Laurencekirk. He Studied At Marischal College, Aberdeen, Where He Acquired A High Reputation As A Classical Scholar. In 17•8 He Was Appointed One Of The Masters Of The Grammar School In That City, ...
Beaufort
Beaufort, Brefrt Or B'o'fert, Henry ( ? 1447). An English Cardinal. He Was An Illegiti Mate Son Of John Of Gaunt, Duke Of Lancaster, And Was Educated And Spent Most Of His Youth At Aix-la-chapelle. After Holding Various Offices In England, He Became Bishop Of Lincoln In 139s, And Chancellor ...
Beaumarchais
Beaumarchais, Bo'nffir'shh'. A Name Assumed By Pierre Augustin Caron (1732-99), The Most Important French Dramatist Of The Eighteenth Century, Though He Wrote But Two Really Successful Plays, Le Barbicr De Seville (1775) And Le Mariage De Figaro (1784). He Was Born In Paris, The Son Of A Watchmaker, And Was ...
Beaumont
Beaumont, Bo'mbut, Formerly Birmont, Francis (1584-1616). An English Poet And Dramatist. Fletcher, John (1579-1625). An English Poet And Dramatist. These Writers Were So Closely Associated In Their Lives And Labors That Their Names Have Become Indissolubly United. Francis Beaumont Was The Third Son Of Francis Beaumont, One Of The Justices ...
Beauregard
Beauregard, Bu're-giird% Fr. Pron. B(yr' Giir' Or 136egiir', Pierre Gustave Mutant ( 1818 93). A Confederate General In The Civil War. He Was Born In New Orleans, Graduated At West Point In 1838, And In The Same Year Became Sec Ond Lieutenant In The Engineer Corps. He Was Engaged In ...
Beaver As
Beaver (as. Bcoicr. Ger. Baer, Och. Slay. Slat. Habil Rits, Large Ichneumon. Also 'brown': To This Latter Root The Word May Pos Sibly Ultimately Belong). A Large Aquatic Rodent , Of The Family Castoridte, Remarkable For Its Con Structive Habits, And Yielding A Valuable Fur And The Substance Castoreum. The ...
Beckx
Beckx, Beks, Pierre Jean ( 1795-1887). The Twenty-second General Of The Jesuits. He Was Born At Sichem, In Belgium, And Became A Mem Ber Of The Society Of Jesus In 1819, And The Head Of The Order In 1853. Quite Early His Superiors Recognized His Rare Abilities, And Sent Him ...
Bed As
Bed (as. Bed, Bedd, Icel. Besr, Goth. Bath, 011g. Betel, Ger. Belt, All From The Root Bhodh, Preserved In Lat. Fodire, To Dig. Originally, An Excavated Spot, A Dug-out Place, A Lair). This Term Originally Indicated, In All Germanic Lan Guages, The Litter (cf. French Lit =bed), On Which A ...
Bedbug
Bed'bug'. A Reddish-brown, Flattened, Wing Less, Nocturnal Insect (.4canthia Or ('inicx Lectu Laria) Peculiar To The Fixed Habitations Of Man, And Subsisting By Sucking His Blood. It Repre Sents A Family Acanthibbe, Or Cimicidre, Of Heter Opterous Bugs (ilemiptera,), Which, With Numer Ous Allied Forms, Live Upon The Juices Of ...
Bede
Bede, Bed, Or B/eda, Be'da, Surnamed The Venerable (e.673-735). The Greatest Name In The Literature Of Saxon England, And Probably The Most Distinguished Scholar Of His Age. The Exact Spot Of His Birth Is A Point In Dispute Among Antiquarians, But Is Commonly Believed To Have Been In What Is ...
Bedford
Bedford (corrupted From As. Bedicaa Ford, Protected Ford). The County Town Of Bed Fordshire, England, Situated On Both Sides Of The Ouse, Here Crossed By Two Bridges And Navigable To The Sea, About 45 Miles North-northwest Of , London, And In The Midst Of A Broad Expanse Of Rich Pasture ...
Bedford_2
Bedford, Joun Plantagenet, Duke Of (1390-1435). Regent Of France, And Third Son Of Henry Iv. Of England. During His Father's Lifetime, He Was Governor Of Berwiek-upon-tweed, And Warden Of The Scottish Marehes. In 1414, The Second Year Of The Reign Of His Brother, Henry V., He Was Created Duke Of ...
Bedlam Me
Bedlam (me. Bedlem, Corrupted, In Popu Lar Speech, From Bethicm, Bethlehem, Shorter For 'hospital Of Saint Mary Of Bethlehem'). The Name Of A Hospital For Lunatics, In Saint George's Fields. Southwark, London. It Was Originally Founded In Bishopsgate Street With Out, In 1246, By Simon Fitz-mary, One Of The Sheriffs ...
Bedouin
Bedouin, Beduz-en Or -in (ar. Bedwi, Badawi, Pl. Ballwin, Those Of The Desert). A Typ Ical Nomadic People, Still Found In Their Purity In The Deserts Of Central Arabia, Where, In Language, Social Life, And Religion (outside Of Their Pro Fession Of Islam), They Retain Much Of Primitive Semitism. They ...
Beds In Tile Middle
Beds In Tile Middle Ages. Meanwhile, In The \vest, Bedsteads, Though Reduced To Extreme Simplicity, With The Fall Of Roman Civilization Had Not Entirely Fallen Into Disuse. In The Time Of Charlemagne They Were Sometimes Made Of Bronze Tnbing—like Our Own Brass Bedsteads, With Bulbs At The Joints And Ends ...
Bedsore
Bed'sore'. A Sore On The Hip, Back, Heel, Etc., Often A Very Troublesome Complication Of Disease, To Which A Patient Is Liable When For A Long Timo Confined To Bed, And Is Either Unable Or Is Not Allowed To Change His Position. Bed Sores Are Due To Lowered Nerte Energy ...
Bedstraw
Bed'straw' (galium). A Genus Of Plabts Belonging To The Natural Order Rubiacex, And Distinguished By A Small Wheel-shaped Calyx And A Dry Two-lobed Fruit, Each Lobe Containing A Single Seed. The Leaves Are Whorled, And The Flowers Minute; But In Many Of The Species The Panicles Are So Large And ...
Bee Keeping
Bee-keeping. The Apiary Or Stock Of Beehives Should, Of Eourse, Be Situated In A Neighborhood Where Flowers Sufficiently Abound For The Supply Of Honey. It Is, However, By No Means Certain To What Distance Bees Roam. Some Authors Mention A Mile As The Probable Distance; But The Opinion Has Apparently ...
Beech Ohg
Beech (ohg. Buocha, Lat. Tagus, Gk. Orry6s, Pheyns, Oak; Cf. Skt. Bhaksh, To Eat), Ragas. A Genus Of Trees Of The Natural Order Fagacefe. The Species Are Not Numerous; Most Of Them Are Forest Trees Of Great Beauty. The Genus Has Been Divided Into Two Sections—eufagus, With Four Species In ...
Beefsteak Clubs
Beefsteak' Clubs. A Number Of Well Known Social Clubs, Formed For The Most Part In London In The Eighteenth Century. The Earliest Of These Was Founded In 1709, With Richard Est Court, The Actor And Friend Of Steele, As Provi Dore, And Having As Members Many Of The Wits, Authors, ...
Beer As
Beer (as. Beer, 011g. Liar, Ger. Bier; Prob Ably A Dissimilation For *breer, And Connected With As. Bhoican, 011g. Brintcan, Ger. Brauen, To Brew; Another Etymology Refers Beer To As. Boo, Barley). The Term Beer, In Its Broadest Sense, Denotes Any Fermented Liquor That Has Not Undergone Distillation. This Definition ...
Beersheba
Beersheba, Be-er'sh-b9 (ha). Beer, Well Sheba, Oath, Or Seven), The Modern Bir-es Seba. One Of The Simeonite Towns In Southern Judah (joshua Xix. 2), So Called Because Here Abraham Entered Into An Alliance With Abime Lech, King Of Gerar, Which He Ratified With An Oath And A Gift Of Seven ...
Beet Diseases
Beet Diseases. Beets Are Subject To A Num Ber Of Fungus Attacks, Some Of Which Are Eon Fined To The Leaves; Others Occurring Upon The Roots. The Most Destructive Disease Of The Leaves Is The Leaf-spot, Due To Cercospora Beticola. The Leaves Are More Or Less Covered With Ashy Spots, ...
Beet As
Beet (as. Bete, Lat. Beta). A Genus Of Plants Of The Natural Order Chenopodiaceie. There Are About Fifteen Species, Mostly Biennials, With Smooth Ovate, Stalked Root-leaves And Tall, Leafy Flowering Stems. They Are Natives Of The Tem Perate Parts Of The Old World. The Only Species Of Economic Importance Is ...
Beethoven
Beethoven, Ba'to-ven, Ludwig Van (1770 1327). A German Composer, The Greatest Master Of The Classical School. He Was Born December 16, 1770, At Bonn. His Father Was Johann Van Beethoven, Tenor Singer In The Chapel Of The Elector Of Cologne, Who Had Married Maria Mag Dalena Laym, A Widow, The ...